scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Two Mosses: Calymperes erosum C. Mull and Bryum coronatum Schwaegr from South-Western Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tedela P. O. ◽  
Adebiyi A. O. ◽  
Aremu A. ◽  
David O. M.
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Bacillus Pumilis

Bryophytes are poikilohydric in nature and the oldest known land plant. Their striking resistance to microbial attack suggests their inherent production of antibacterial compounds. The antibacterial activity of acetone, ethanol, methanol and hexane extracts of Calymperes erosum C. Mull and Bryum coronatum Schwaegr were investigated against twenty clinically important bacteria pathogens. Agar dilution method was used to assess the effectiveness of the extracts on the test organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the extracts of C. erosum were between ˂0.625 and ˃5.0 mg/ml. Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031, Enterococcus feacalis ATCC 29212, Bacillus pumilis ATCC 14884 and Enterobacter cloaca ATCC 13047 in decreasing order are most sensitive to the extracts while Proteus vulgaris KZN, Staphylococcus aureus OK2 and Shigella sonnei ATCC 29930 were resistant to the extracts. Ethanolic extract was the most effective among the extracts followed by acetone extract. B. coronatum had relatively lower activity. While the mosses screened proved to be promising sources of antimicrobial and biologically active compounds, their toxicity and action mechanism still needed to be investigated.

scholarly journals Antifungal and Antibacterial Metabolites from a French Poplar Type Propolis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Séverine Boisard ◽  
Anne-Marie Le Ray ◽  
Anne Landreau ◽  
Marie Kempf ◽  
Viviane Cassisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Weak Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution

During this study, thein vitroantifungal and antibacterial activities of different extracts (aqueous and organic) obtained from a French propolis batch were evaluated. Antifungal activity was evaluated by broth microdilution on three pathogenic strains:Candida albicans, C. glabrata, andAspergillus fumigatus. Antibacterial activity was assayed using agar dilution method on 36 Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains includingStaphylococcus aureus. Organic extracts showed a significant antifungal activity againstC. albicansandC. glabrata(MIC80between 16 and 31 µg/mL) but only a weak activity towardsA. fumigatus(MIC80= 250 µg/mL). DCM based extracts exhibited a selective Gram-positive antibacterial activity, especially againstS. aureus(SA) and several of its methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) strains (MIC10030–97 µg/mL). A new and active derivative of catechin was also identified whereas a synergistic antimicrobial effect was noticed during this study.

scholarly journals Activity of Vitis vinifera Tendrils Extract Against Phytopathogenic Fungi

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Fraternale ◽  
Donata Ricci ◽  
Giancarlo Verardo ◽  
Andrea Gorassini ◽  
Vilberto Stocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Agar Dilution Method

The in vitro antifungal activity was determined of an ethanolic extract of Vitis vinifera L. tendrils (TVV) against ten plant pathogenic fungi, using the agar dilution method; activity was shown against all tested fungi. Fusarium species were the most sensitive with MIC values ranging from 250 to 300 ppm, while the basidiomycete fungus Rhizoctonia solani was the most resistant, with a MIC value of 500 ppm. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn) was used to obtain qualitative information on the main components of TVV. The high amount of polyphenolic compounds contained in TVV is likely to contribute significantly to its antifungal activity.

ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF BHRINGRAJ, HARITAKI AND SHANKAPUSHPAM VS CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE AGAINST S. MUTANS: AN IN VITRO ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Hiranmayi Shivajirao Brid ◽  
Shivaprakash P. K. ◽  
Kishore G. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial efcacy of ethanolic extracts of Bhringraj, Haritaki and Shankapushpam against S. mutans and compare with commercially available 0.2% Chlorhexidene gluconate (CHX). Materials And Methods: Ethanolic extracts of Bhringraj, Haritaki and Shankapushpam were obtained by subjecting them to hot continuous extraction process and test extracts of 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% and 3.12% concentrations were prepared. Their antimicrobial efcacy was evaluated and compared with 0.2% CHX against S. mutans using the agar dilution method. The results were statistically analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and LSD Post Hoc tests. Results: Haritaki seemed to have superior and statistically signicant antimicrobial activity when compared to the test extracts at all the concentrations at which they were tested. It was followed by 0.2% CHX, which also showed considerable antimicrobial activity even at a low concentration. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Haritaki has better antimicrobial efcacy compared to 0.2% CHX at the tested concentrations and can be considered as a safe herbal alternative for it.

scholarly journals In-vitro Antibacterial Activity of Acacia Nilotica against Lactobacillus casei

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Abid Khan ◽  
Muhammad Owais Ismail ◽  
Mirza Tasawer Baig ◽  
Sadia Suri Kashif ◽  
Aisha Jabeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

Background: The role of Ethno-pharmacology is important to discover the new biologically active compounds. The process usually starts with searching of useful plants from different records to the development of methods for the industrial production of drugs. World Health Organization (WHO) states that more than 80% of population of the world makes the use of plants for the treatment of diseases. The extensive use of plants for therapeutic purposes has the history of centuries. Herbal pharmaceuticals have treated many diseases and confirmed the importance of medicinal plants on curative ground. The aim of this study was to evaluate in-vitro antibacterial activity of traditionally used Acacia nilotica by aqueous and Ethanolic extraction, against Lactobacilli casei. Methodology: Disc diffusion method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out according to the Kirby-Bauer method to assess the presence of antibacterial activities of Ethanolic and Aqueous extracts of Acacia nilotica, against Lactobacillus casei. Results: It was found that Ethanolic extracts have antibacterial activity which was close to the positive controls (standards) of the study; 2.5% Sodium hypochlorite and 2% Chlorhexidine. Conclusion: it was concluded that Ethanolic extract of Acacia nilotica, possesses antibacterial activity against Lactobacillus casei.

scholarly journals In-vitro Screening of Antimicrobial Activities of Ocimum gratissimum on Clinical Isolates

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ifeanyi Onyema Oshim ◽  
Evelyn Ukamaka Urama ◽  
Oluwayemisi Odeyemi ◽  
Augustina Nkechi Olise ◽  
Sunday Odeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum

This study was undertaken to evaluate  the antimicrobial activities of crude  ethanol and methanol extracts of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L. (scent leaf) on Escherichia coli, Klebsiella  pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus auerus and Candida albicans.The antimicrobial activities were carried out using  agar well diffusion method. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) of the plant extracts on the test isolates were determined by the agar dilution method. Ciprofloxacin and fluconazole (positive controls) were used in comparison with crude extract of O. gratissimum leaves and also, Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as the negative control. The ethanolic extract of O. gratissimum showed antibacterial activity with the mean inhibitory zone diameter of 3 -7mm against S. auerus, 2 mm against E. coli, 2 – 12 mm against K. pneumoniae, 2 mm against P.aeruginosa. Ethanol and methanol crude extracts of O. gratissimum leaves   showed no effect on   C.albicans. O. gratissimum extracts showed the lower   antimicrobial activity than the commercially available antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and fluconazole). The minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration of the extracts on the test organisms also increased in the following order; methanol < ethanol. Hence, this   extract could   only serve   as antibacterial agent in the management of bacterial infection because it has no antifungal activities on Candida isolates used in this study.

scholarly journals In vitro antibacterial effects of glassionomer cement containing ethanolic extract of propolis on Streptococcus mutans

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nursen Topcuoglu ◽  
Fatih Ozan ◽  
Mustafa Ozyurt ◽  
Guven Kulekci
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test ◽  
Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial property of glass-ionomer cement (GIC) containing propolis against Streptococcus mutans and its effect on the in vitro S. mutans biofilm formation.Methods: Ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) was prepared at two concentrations as 25 and 50%. Three different experimental GIC disks were prepared using pure liquid and liquid solutions diluted with 25 and 50 percent of EEP concentrations. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EEP on the growth of S. mutans ATCC 25175 was determined by using agar dilution method. Agar diffusion test and an in vitro S. mutans biofilm assay for GIC disks with and without EEP were performedResults: MIC values of Turkish propolis for S. mutans ATCC 25175 was found as 25 μg/mL. Experimental GICs containing propolis exhibited inhibition zones and their dry biofilm weights were less than the pure GIC. The bacterial density was lower in the GIC containing 50% EEP.Conclusions: A distinct antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of propolis containing GIC on S. mutans has been observed. Although further research is needed to show clinical results, antibacterial GIC containing propolis would be a promising material for restoration. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:428-433)

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L) Leaves Extracts Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Selvira Anandia Intan Maulidya ◽  
Doni Anshar Nuari ◽  
Shendi Suryana ◽  
Sumia Almarifah
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Mic Value

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial infections throughout the world and can be life-threatening as well. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L) leaves ethanolic extract against MRSA's growth. Ageratum conyzoides leaves were extracted by ethanol and screened for their phytochemical constituent. Ethanolic extracts of A. conyzoides leaves were evaluated for their potential antibacterial activity using disc diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was determined using the agar dilution method. Phytochemical screening shows that the extracts contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids or triterpenoids. Ageratum conyzoides leaves extract shows a 25.1 mm inhibitory zone at 12.5% extract concentration with MIC value equivalents to 4.46 x 10-6 g of gentamicin. This study concludes that A. conyzoides leaves ethanolic extracts have potential antibacterial activity against MRSA.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Demethoxyviridin Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobials

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 686-692
Author(s):  
Ismail Kiran ◽  
Semra Ilhan ◽  
Tamer Akar ◽  
Lacine Tur ◽  
Erdinc Erol
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Abstract The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of demethoxyviridin and some synthetic analogues were evaluated by the agar diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the active compounds were also determined by the agar dilution method. Demethoxyviridin (1) showed moderate antibacterial activity against most of the strains tested. 1α-Hydroxydemethoxyviridin (3) showed antibacterial activity and the most potent in vitro antifungal activity with MIC of 20 μg/ml (0.062 mm) against Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, A. flavus, A. parasiticus, Fusarium solani, F. graminarum, Geotrichum candidum whereas 5′-methylfuro-(4′,3′,2′-4,5,6)androst-5-ene-3,17-dione (7) exhibited very weak antifungal activity against Candida albicans only.

A comparative study of the antibacterial activity of Quercus robur (Ethanolic extract) and Zinc oxide nanoparticles on Salmonella (In vitro)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hams H. H. Alfattli ◽  
Ghufran Zuhair Jiber ◽  
Ghaidaa Gatea Abbass
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Inhibition Zones

This study which designed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Ethanolic extract of (Quercusrobur) and Zinc oxide nanoparticles on the growth of one genus of enterobacteriacae (Salmonella). In vitro. For this purpose graduate concentrates for plant extract (50, 100, 200, 400 )mg/ml which prepared and compared with Zinc oxide nanoparticles of different concentration (2, 1, 0.5, 0.25) μg/ml,and examined. The result showed that the studied medicinal plant has antibacterial activity against this bacteria which used. The result showed that the plant has good activity in decrease the growth of this bacteria. The results of the study also showed that the nano-ZnO has very effective antibacterial action against the studied bacteria which was Salmonella,nanoparticles concentrations lead to increasing in the inhibition zones of tested bacterial growth. We also study the effect of three antibiotics Lomefloxacin (LOM), Ciprofloxacin (SIP) and Rifampin (RA) and the result showed,in a comparison within the tested bacteria,Salmonella had a significant inhibition increase in Lomefloxacin ; the ciprofloxacin showed effect on tested bacteria. However,Rifampin does not show any effect on tested bacteria.

In Vitro Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Myrsine africana against laboratory Strains of Pathogenic Organisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 4512
Author(s):  
Jackie K. Obey ◽  
Anthoney Swamy T* ◽  
Lasiti Timothy ◽  
Makani Rachel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Myrsine Africana

The determination of the antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition) and minimum inhibitory concentration of medicinal plants a crucial step in drug development. In this study, the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract of Myrsine africana were determined for Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The zones of inhibition (mm±S.E) of 500mg/ml of M. africana ethanol extract were 22.00± 0.00 for E. coli,20.33 ±0.33 for B. cereus,25.00± 0.00 for S. epidermidis and 18. 17±0.17 for S. pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) is the minimum dose required to inhibit growth a microorganism. Upon further double dilution of the 500mg/ml of M. africana extract, MIC was obtained for each organism. The MIC for E. coli, B. cereus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae were 7.81mg/ml, 7.81mg/ml, 15.63mg/ml and 15.63mg/ml respectively. Crude extracts are considered active when they inhibit microorganisms with zones of inhibition of 8mm and above. Therefore, this study has shown that the ethanol extract of M. africana can control the growth of the four organisms tested.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document