scholarly journals Activity of Vitis vinifera Tendrils Extract Against Phytopathogenic Fungi

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Fraternale ◽  
Donata Ricci ◽  
Giancarlo Verardo ◽  
Andrea Gorassini ◽  
Vilberto Stocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Agar Dilution Method

The in vitro antifungal activity was determined of an ethanolic extract of Vitis vinifera L. tendrils (TVV) against ten plant pathogenic fungi, using the agar dilution method; activity was shown against all tested fungi. Fusarium species were the most sensitive with MIC values ranging from 250 to 300 ppm, while the basidiomycete fungus Rhizoctonia solani was the most resistant, with a MIC value of 500 ppm. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn) was used to obtain qualitative information on the main components of TVV. The high amount of polyphenolic compounds contained in TVV is likely to contribute significantly to its antifungal activity.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oil of Cotinus coggygria from Marche Region (Italy)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Fraternale ◽  
Donata Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Cotinus Coggygria ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

The present study reports the results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses of the essential oil from flowering aerial parts of Cotinus coggygria Scoop. (Anacardiaceae), as well as its in vitro antifungal activity against nine plant pathogenic fungi. Moreover, the essential oil was evaluated for its antifungal activity using the agar dilution method, and also MICs (minimum inhibitory concentrations) and MFCs (minimum fungicidal concentrations) were determined. The major compounds identified by GC-MS were limonene (49.2%), (Z)-β-ocimene (13.6%), α-pinene (8.8%) and (E)-β-ocimene (5.9%). The oil showed in vitro antifungal activity against some species of the Fusarium genus, Botrytis cinerea, and Alternaria solani. Our study indicates that the oil of C. coggygria could be used as a control agent for plant pathogenic fungi in natural formulations.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition and Antifungal Activity of Aerial Parts of Ballota nigra ssp foetida Collected at Flowering and Fruiting Times

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Fraternale ◽  
Donata Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

The present study reports the results of gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analyses of the essential oils from the aerial parts of Ballota nigra L. ssp foetida (Lamiaceae) collected at flowering and fruiting times, as well as their in vitro antifungal activity against nine plant pathogenic fungi. Moreover, the essential oils were evaluated for their antifungal activity using the agar dilution method, and also MICs (minimum inhibitory concentrations) and MFCs (minimum fungicidal concentrations) were determined. The major compounds identified in the flowering and fruiting aerial parts oils respectively were β-caryophyllene (22.6% and 21.8%), caryophyllene oxide (18.0% and 20.5%) and germacrene-D (16.5 and 13.1%). The oils showed in vitro antifungal activity against some species of Fusarium, Botrytis cinerea, and Alternaria solani. Our study indicates that the oil of B. nigra ssp foetida could be used as a control agent for plant pathogenic fungi in natural formulations.

scholarly journals Antifungal and Antibacterial Metabolites from a French Poplar Type Propolis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Séverine Boisard ◽  
Anne-Marie Le Ray ◽  
Anne Landreau ◽  
Marie Kempf ◽  
Viviane Cassisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Weak Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution

During this study, thein vitroantifungal and antibacterial activities of different extracts (aqueous and organic) obtained from a French propolis batch were evaluated. Antifungal activity was evaluated by broth microdilution on three pathogenic strains:Candida albicans, C. glabrata, andAspergillus fumigatus. Antibacterial activity was assayed using agar dilution method on 36 Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains includingStaphylococcus aureus. Organic extracts showed a significant antifungal activity againstC. albicansandC. glabrata(MIC80between 16 and 31 µg/mL) but only a weak activity towardsA. fumigatus(MIC80= 250 µg/mL). DCM based extracts exhibited a selective Gram-positive antibacterial activity, especially againstS. aureus(SA) and several of its methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) strains (MIC10030–97 µg/mL). A new and active derivative of catechin was also identified whereas a synergistic antimicrobial effect was noticed during this study.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Polysulfides-Rich Essential Oil of Ferula Latisecta Fruits against Human Pathogenic Dermatophytes

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Iranshahi ◽  
Abdolmajid Fata ◽  
Bahareh Emami ◽  
Bibi Mohadeseh Jalalzadeh Shahri ◽  
Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

The increase in dermatophytoses and the fact that some patients do not respond well to therapy make it necessary to find new antifungal agents. As part of our ongoing studies on medicinal plants from Iran, we studied antidermatophytic activities of Ferula latisecta essential oil, which had shown considerable antifungal activity in preliminary antimicrobial screening. Antifungal activity was evaluated by determination of MIC values using the agar dilution method on type strains of Candida albicans and dermatophytes. The composition of the oil was characterized by GC and GC/MS analyses. The essential oil was rich in polysulfides (75.2%) and exhibited good activity against Trichophyton rubrum and T. verrucosom for about three weeks, with a MIC value 96 μg/mL. The oil showed antifungal activity, especially against dermatophytes, and the activity is probably related to the sulfur-containing components of the oil. This study has identified that the polysulfides-rich essential oil of Ferula latisecta fruits has activity against a range of human pathogenic dermatophytes, justifying future clinical trials to validate its use as a therapeutic alternative for dermatophytosis.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Bio-Evaluation of Natural Butenolides-Acrylate Conjugates

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longzhu Bao ◽  
Shuangshuang Wang ◽  
Di Song ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
Xiufang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Gibberella Zeae ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Activity Screening ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

A series of novel 3-aryl-4-hydroxy-2(5H) furanone-acrylate hybrids were designed and synthesized based on the natural butenolides and acrylates scaffolds. The structures of the prepared compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and the bioactivity of the target compounds against twelve phytopathogenic fungi was investigated. The preliminary in vitro antifungal activity screening showed that most of the target compounds had moderate inhibition on various pathogenic fungi at the concentration of 100 mg·L−1, and presented broad-spectrum antifungal activities. Further studies also indicated that compounds 7e and 7k still showed some inhibitory activity against Pestallozzia theae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Gibberella zeae on rape plants at lower concentrations, which could be optimized as a secondary lead for further research.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Two Mosses: Calymperes erosum C. Mull and Bryum coronatum Schwaegr from South-Western Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tedela P. O. ◽  
Adebiyi A. O. ◽  
Aremu A. ◽  
David O. M.
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Bacillus Pumilis

Bryophytes are poikilohydric in nature and the oldest known land plant. Their striking resistance to microbial attack suggests their inherent production of antibacterial compounds. The antibacterial activity of acetone, ethanol, methanol and hexane extracts of Calymperes erosum C. Mull and Bryum coronatum Schwaegr were investigated against twenty clinically important bacteria pathogens. Agar dilution method was used to assess the effectiveness of the extracts on the test organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the extracts of C. erosum were between ˂0.625 and ˃5.0 mg/ml. Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031, Enterococcus feacalis ATCC 29212, Bacillus pumilis ATCC 14884 and Enterobacter cloaca ATCC 13047 in decreasing order are most sensitive to the extracts while Proteus vulgaris KZN, Staphylococcus aureus OK2 and Shigella sonnei ATCC 29930 were resistant to the extracts. Ethanolic extract was the most effective among the extracts followed by acetone extract. B. coronatum had relatively lower activity. While the mosses screened proved to be promising sources of antimicrobial and biologically active compounds, their toxicity and action mechanism still needed to be investigated.

scholarly journals The Antifungal Mechanism of Isoxanthohumol from Humulus lupulus Linn.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10853
Author(s):  
Yin-Fang Yan ◽  
Tian-Lin Wu ◽  
Sha-Sha Du ◽  
Zheng-Rong Wu ◽  
Yong-Mei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Antifungal Mechanism

Humulus lupulus Linn. is a traditional medicinal and edible plant with several biological properties. The aims of this work were: (1) to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of H. lupulus ethanolic extract; (2) to study the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of isoxanthohumol, an isoprene flavonoid from H. lupulus, against Botrytis cinerea; and (3) to explore the antifungal mechanism of isoxanthohumol on B. cinerea. The present data revealed that the ethanolic extract of H. lupulus exhibited moderate antifungal activity against the five tested phytopathogenic fungi in vitro, and isoxanthohumol showed highly significant antifungal activity against B. cinerea, with an EC50 value of 4.32 µg/mL. Meanwhile, it exhibited moderate to excellent protective and curative efficacies in vivo. The results of morphologic observation, RNA-seq, and physiological indicators revealed that the antifungal mechanism of isoxanthohumol is mainly related to metabolism; it affected the carbohydrate metabolic process, destroyed the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and hindered the generation of ATP by inhibiting respiration. Further studies indicated that isoxanthohumol caused membrane lipid peroxidation, thus accelerating the death of B. cinerea. This study demonstrates that isoxanthohumol can be used as a potential botanical fungicide for the management of phytopathogenic fungi.

ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF BHRINGRAJ, HARITAKI AND SHANKAPUSHPAM VS CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE AGAINST S. MUTANS: AN IN VITRO ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Hiranmayi Shivajirao Brid ◽  
Shivaprakash P. K. ◽  
Kishore G. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial efcacy of ethanolic extracts of Bhringraj, Haritaki and Shankapushpam against S. mutans and compare with commercially available 0.2% Chlorhexidene gluconate (CHX). Materials And Methods: Ethanolic extracts of Bhringraj, Haritaki and Shankapushpam were obtained by subjecting them to hot continuous extraction process and test extracts of 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% and 3.12% concentrations were prepared. Their antimicrobial efcacy was evaluated and compared with 0.2% CHX against S. mutans using the agar dilution method. The results were statistically analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and LSD Post Hoc tests. Results: Haritaki seemed to have superior and statistically signicant antimicrobial activity when compared to the test extracts at all the concentrations at which they were tested. It was followed by 0.2% CHX, which also showed considerable antimicrobial activity even at a low concentration. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Haritaki has better antimicrobial efcacy compared to 0.2% CHX at the tested concentrations and can be considered as a safe herbal alternative for it.

scholarly journals In vitro antifungal activity of three Saudi plant extracts against some Phytopathogenic fungi

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz A. Al-Askar
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Abstract The antifungal activities of ethanolic extracts of three Saudi plants; camel thorn (Alhagi maurorum Medic.), caper (Capparisspinosa L.), and pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) were investigated in vitro against Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, Phomadestructiva, Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotium rolfsii at concentrations of 0, 3, 6, and 9% (v/v). All tested plant extracts; seeds, roots, and rinds had different degrees of antifungal activity against the tested fungi. When compared with the control, the highest antifungal activity was recorded for camel thorn seeds extract at a concentration of 9%, while, pomegranate rinds extract at 9% came in second. Camel thorn rinds extract came in last even when used at a high concentration. The ethanolic extract of camel thorn seeds may be recommended as a potent bio-fungicide. Extensive studies should be undertaken for the ethanolic extract of camel thorn seeds as a strong antifungal agent against fungal plant diseases.

scholarly journals Fungi Diversity on Some Fruits and Biological Control using Two Plants Extracts

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Paul Ndip Besong ◽  
Tonjock Rosemary Kinge
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Fruit Samples

Fruits play an essential role in human nutrition by contributing the necessary growth factors like essential minerals and vitamins in human daily diet maintaining a good and normal health. But rot diseases caused by fungi cause severe losses of agricultural and horticultural crops every year. This work aimed to study fungi diversity on some fruits and carry out biological control using two plant extracts. A total of 17 infected fruit samples were collected from two local markets, small pieces of infected parts were inoculated on prepared plates of Potato Dextrose Agar. Incubation was done for 7 days and pure cultures were made, and pure isolated fungi were identified according to the recommended references. Ethanolic leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Moringa oleifera were evaluated for in vitro antifungal activities on Aspergillus and Fusarium species isolated from spoilt tomatoes and banana using the Agar Dilution Method. Eleven different fungi species comprising nine genera were isolated from the 17 fruits collected from the Nkwen and main markets of Bamenda. The fungi were identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium digitatum, Mucor sp, Fusarium sp, Mucor racemosus, Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum sp, Nodulisporium sp, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus flavus. There was some diversity in isolation frequency of the fungi from the fruits. Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium were the most common genera that colonized the fruits, with Aspergillus sp. found to be the most dominant fungi responsible for extensive damage of fruits. Ocimum gratissimum and Moringa oleifera leaf extracts had inhibitory activities on the test fungi. The diversity of the fungi identified in this study could be regarded as the most common causes of post-harvest deterioration of fruits. The findings of this study bring further evidence that Moringa oleifera and Ocimum gratissimum leaves extracts have the potential of becoming powerful and safe alternative means of fungi control on fruits instead of the harmful, expensive, environmentally unfriendly chemical fungicides.

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