scholarly journals Identifying the Functions of Code Switching in a Computer Mediated Online Communication

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Areej Dawoud ◽  
Sayyed Rashid Shah
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Conversational Analysis ◽  
Online Chat ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Context Specific

This study aims to explore the functions of code switching of English-Arabic speakers in a computer-based online communication. Its goal is to understand whether code switching on the internet has the same functions as face-to-face interaction in real time situation. In addition, it aims to highlight the different conversational characteristics of code switching in a virtual environment, such as online chat. Adopting a Conversational Analysis (CA) approach, the data were collected from online Paltalk chatrooms, specifically "BnatKSA". The six participants, three males and three females were proficient in English and Arabic languages. Using bidirectional English-Arabic code switching, the six participants frequently chatted online for two hours a day over a period of one month. The findings indicate a wide range of functions of code switching on the internet. Some of these functions are unique and context specific, which can be considered a contribution to the body of knowledge. The findings suggest that the range of code switching functions online is broader and more meaningful than face-to-face communication in real time situation.

scholarly journals Cyber-Flirting: An Examination of Men's and Women's Flirting Behaviour Both Offline and on the Internet

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica T. Whitty
Keyword(s):  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nonverbal Cues ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Online Interactions

AbstractWhile flirting is a relatively underresearched area within psychology, even less is known about how people cyber-flirt. This paper explores how often individuals flirt offline compared to online. Moreover, it attempts to examine how men and women flirt within these different spaces. Five thousand, six hundred and ninety-seven individuals, of which 3554 (62%) were women and 2143 (38%) were men, completed a survey about their flirting behaviour both in face-to-face interactions and in chatrooms. The first hypothesis, which stated that the body would be used to flirt with as frequently online as offline, was partly supported. However, it was found that individuals downplayed the importance of physical attractiveness online. Women flirted by displaying nonverbal signals (offline) or substitutes for nonverbal cues (online), to a greater extent than men. In chatrooms men were more likely than women to initiate contact. It is concluded that cyber-flirting is more than simply a meeting of minds and that future research needs to consider the role of the body in online interactions.

scholarly journals Procedure for Modeling and Improving E-SCM Processes

2007 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Boonyathan ◽  
L. Al-Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Process Mapping ◽  
Electronic Technology ◽  
Chain Management

Today’s managers are turning to the functions of the supply chain to improve margins and gain competitive advantage. The explosion of the Internet and other e-business technologies has made real-time, online communication throughout the entire supply chain a reality. Electronic supply chain management (e-SCM) is a reference to the supply chain that is structured via electronic technology-enabled relationships. This chapter concentrates on the development of a procedure referred to as eSCM-I for e-SCM process improvement. The procedure focuses on process mapping and relies on principles of coordination theory. It is based on SCOR to standardize the process and take advantage of this technique of benchmarking/best practices potential. The procedure employs IDEF0 technique for mapping the processes.

scholarly journals Application of the real-time PCR in veterinary practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Maksim Doronin ◽  
Dmitriy Lozovoy ◽  
Aleksey Scherbakov ◽  
Vladimir Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
The Body ◽  
Suspected Infection ◽  
Virus Content ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pathogenic Agents

To date the molecular genetic methods of analysis are widely used for laboratory diagnostic tests in various infectious diseases of animals. This discourse reflects information about the history of the invention of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RV), the nature of the processes that occur during this reaction, the main stages of the reaction, the preparation of biological material for research in PCR-RV. The spectrum of possibilities of using the PCR-RV method for a qualitative study of biological material in cases of suspected infection of animals with certain viral and bacterial agents, as well as a quantitative assessment of the virus content in tissues, organs or in the body by analogy with conventional methods for titrating infectiousness without direct manipulation with pathogenic agents, is presented. . A quantitative PCR-RV option allows veterinarians to evaluate the pathogenetic dynamics of the development of the disease, monitor the effect of antiviral and antibacterial therapy, and monitor the emergence of pathogen variants with high resistance to the drugs used. Thanks to the development of ARRIAH, the qualitative and quantitative PCR-RV method can now be used in domestic veterinary science and laboratory practice for the diagnosis of a wide range of animal infectious diseases.

The Study of Young People's Civic Participation on the Internet

2019 ◽  
pp. 1377-1392
Author(s):  
Fadi Hirzalla ◽  
Shakuntala Banaji
Keyword(s):  
Civic Participation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Democratic Citizenship ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Context Specific

This chapter reviews the body of academic literature about young people's online civic participation. It will first sketch how this literature has developed historically in the context of old and changing scholarly discussions about what civic participation and democratic citizenship more generally do or should envelop. The second section outlines how extant empirical studies on young people's civic participation online may be subdivided into four strands of research, each focusing on different questions and relying on different methods. The closing section provides a number of directions for further research, mostly calling for innovative and more pressing context-specific and people-centered research approaches.

scholarly journals Code-switching in the computer-mediated communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-415
Author(s):  
I. Darginavičienė ◽  
I. Ignotaitė
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Social Construction Of Reality ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Communicative

Most authors admit that code-switching is the process of switching different languages, their varieties, speaking styles, etc. Today the majority of people in the world are multilingual and often mix languages in different ways, which makes code-switching a quite common global phenomenon. Code-switching incorporates government, cultural, religious and network contexts, and the frequency of code-switching in such multilingual conversations is an indicator of the global dominance of multilingualism. Online communication fosters social communicative practices consisting of code-switching and marks the development of verbal behaviour of multilingual communities. Code-switching also affects language visuality, its images are tools for the social construction of reality. The developed verbal practices support effective communication and affect the expression of new meanings. The article aims at presenting the features of code-switching in digital communication with 8 examples of different length, topic and author, in which the native Lithuanians code-switched to English and used elements of the Internet language. These examples were taken from the social networks Instagram, YouTube, Facebook and Twitter, and the authors analyzed the grammar, spelling and punctuation of both Lithuanian and the English words, the type and use of the code-switched English elements, special characters, abbreviations, emoji and other features of the Internet language. The results show that online communication is not entirely textual, with various means of text composition communicators make their code-switched English elements more visible and alter the appearance of messages. Such practices correspond to the features of social networks and seem to follow the popular Internet culture trends.

scholarly journals Discursive Practices of Doctor-Patient Online-Communication (the Case of “Health.mail.ru”)

Discourse ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 73-86
Author(s):  
L. V. Iskanderova
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Online Services ◽  
Face To Face

Introduction. Nowadays medical online services are evolving rapidly and become more and more popular. Telemedicine is developed as a part of the Russian government program “The medical system 4P”. However, doctor-patient online communication has rarely been the subject of research in modern sociology. Nevertheless, online-services are valuable resource for researchers to study and analyze information that is difficult to obtain in other ways.Methodology and sources. The paper is devoted to the research of doctor-patient discursive practices on the internet medical advice forums by the example of “Health.mail.ru”. The general method  of  research  is  critical  discourse  analysis,  based  on the theory and methodology of N. Fairclough, which gives an opportunity to make suggestions about  social practices using text analysis  and  discursive practices analysis. A non-reactive strategy was used in the empirical research. During the research 28 800 messages, which include 14 400 messages from patients and 14 400 messages from doctors, were analyzed. Data analysis was performed in the “R” program.Results and discussion. As a result, some assumptions about social practices and discursive practices on the online forum were formulated. The main patient’s goal on online forums is avoiding face-to-face interaction with doctors in a hospital. One of doctor’s goals is promoting their services. Interaction is carried out in a form of request from the patient and expert assessment from the doctor in response. Usually, patients send their messages anonymously. Doctors, by contrast, emphasize their identity. It helps them to maintain their image and to legitimate their expertise. Doctor’s and patient’s discourses are using special medical terminology, and they are not interpreting it. It demands from the patients being experts.Conclusion. Online communication is a new type of doctor-patient communication, which is more democratic, more complementary and more impersonal than face-to-face communication. Usually doctor-patient online communication on the internet medical advice forums does not involve thorough analysis of individual patient’s situation and maintaining sustainable interpersonal relationships.

scholarly journals Use Of Online Communication Media “Google Classroom” In Lecture Activities During The Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
Meri Suarti ◽  
Sri Narti ◽  
Asnawati Asnawati
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
The Media

During the Covid-19 pandemic, lectures at Unived Bengkulu were conducted online. One of the media used to facilitate online communication during lectures is google classroom. Lecturing through google classroom is a new innovation for lecturers and students who previously lectured face to face and then conducted online. To find out the use of online communication media, google classroom in lectures at Unived Bengkulu during the Covid-19 pandemic, the author uses the characteristics of innovation from Everett M. Rogers which has five characteristics that can affect the level of use of an innovation, namely relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation. The technique of determining informants using purposive sampling, the informants consisted of three lecturers and nine students. The results of the study state that based on the characteristics of its relative advantage, google classroom is a flexible, simple and efficient medium. Based on the characteristics of compatibility, Google Classroom is considered suitable for use during this pandemic, because Google Classroom can be accessed anywhere and anytime that is connected to the internet. Complexity is felt in difficult networks, especially in rural areas. Based on observations during the trial in the early semester, this media can be reused in the following semester. The use of online communication media google classroom in lectures during the Covid-19 pandemic at Dehasen Bengkulu University ran smoothly and was suitable to be applied during the Covid-19 period, even though constraints with network, but this could be overcome because it had a deadline given by the lecturer.

scholarly journals The Difference the Body Makes: The Teacher’s Presence Online and Offline

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Henriksson
Keyword(s):  
Online Communication ◽  
The Body ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
The Other ◽  
Online Student ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the question: what is the experience of meeting online and how does it differ from ordinary classroom situations? Drawing from personal experience, the author explores possible experiences of existing in virtual space and time. How do people meet, get to know each other and, interact in a pedagogical situation? Her experience as an online student made her to seriously reflect on the experiential nature of the computer-mediated encounter. But, it was not until she happened to participate in a workshop offered by the same teacher that the contrasts began to take shape for her. If there is a difference between online and offline meetings, what is it that makes the difference? Online communication could, just as face-to-face meetings, create feelings of closeness, and friendship; from the other-as-a-text on the screen, we subjectively create the other-as-an-idea, an idea that might be perceived as the real other. But is it? What reality is for real? What is the nature of the relationship established between body-less persons on line, and what difference does the body make in a face-to-face meeting?

scholarly journals Intersubjectivity: Conceptual Considerations in Meaning-Making With a Clinical Illustration

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Harrison ◽  
Ed Tronick
Keyword(s):  
Young Child ◽  
Dynamic System ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
The Body ◽  
Making Meaning ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Clinical Illustration

This manuscript explores intersubjectivity through a conceptual construct for meaning-making that emphasizes three major interrelated elements–meaning making in interaction, making meaning with the body as well as the mind, and meaning making within an open dynamic system. These three elements are present in the literature on intersubjectivity with a wide range of terms used to describe various theoretical formulations. One objective of this manuscript is to illustrate how such a construct can be useful to understand the meaning-making observed in psychoanalysis, such as in the treatment of a young child on the autistic spectrum. The challenges in establishing an intersubjective state with a child on the autistic spectrum serve to highlight important features of intersubjectivity. As an important background to this clinical illustration, we illustrate the construct with the scientific paradigm of the well-known face-to-face still-face.

scholarly journals IOT - LIVESTOCK MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Ophir Isaac
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Business Process ◽  
Management System ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Informational Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The intention of this research is to establish a platform or livestock monitoring and management system. The IOT framework provides IOT solutions in a wide range of domains and applications in farming, livestock, and agricultural front. The technology stack is based on the Internet of Things (IOT) with relevant sensors available to determine the dairy monitoring system to be placed on the animal. This document provides Use Cases (UC) of the domain, and performs evaluations in different conditions which are close to real-time scenarios and operational ones. With the IOT stack, with appropriate sensors for determining geographical boundaries, assets, interoperability, re-usability and functionality, the technical use-case is described in terms of entity/informational model, deployment view, functional view, business process hierarchy. This document provides detailed analysis of the flow of data and its interactions.

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