scholarly journals Evaluating the growth capacity and heavy metal absorption of sweet sorghum and grain sorghum at the seedling stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Tra T. T. Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Stem Leaf

In recent years, the use of plants for clean-up and recovery (phytoremediation) has been studied and used in many countries of the world. In this study, E-Tian sweet sorghum (ET) and BT x 623 (BT) sorghum were treated with heavy metal cadmium at 5 concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25, 50 mg/kg). The growth of plant; absorption, accumulation of cadmium (Cd) heavy metals in plant parts at the seedling stage have been identified and assessed. The results showed that Cd affected the height and number of leaves of the plant. Especially, Cd accumulation in the plant decreased in sequence: root, stem, leaf. When comparing the heavy metals accumulation in the two cultivars, the results showed that the BT cultivar had higher Cd uptake and accumulation potential than ET. Therefore, BT can be used for phytoremediation of heavy metals in soil but not for providing food and feed.

scholarly journals Difference between Pb and Cd Accumulation in 19 Elite Maize Inbred Lines and Application Prospects

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiming Zhang ◽  
Feng Jin ◽  
Cui Wang ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
Haijian Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Soil Bioremediation ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Cross Breeding ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Application Prospects

In the last two decades, the accumulation of heavy metal in crop grains has become the study hotspot. In this study, 19 representative elite maize inbred lines and 3 hybrid varieties were investigated at the seedling stage, which can accumulate Pb and Cd in the stems and leaves, respectively. The results demonstrated that significant differences are among inbred lines for accumulation of heavy metals, implying that the Cd accumulation is significant correlation between the male parents and their hybrids and some inbred lines have been selected for cross-breeding with low Pb or Cd accumulation, such as S37, 9782, and ES40; Moreover, some inbred lines could be suitable for phytoremediation species for soil bioremediation with high levels of Pb and Cd accumulation, including 178, R08, 48-2, and Mo17ht.

scholarly journals Accumulation and distribution of heavy metal cadmium in sweet sorghum

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Tra T. T. Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
High Biomass ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Dough Stage

Many species of plants have been studied, as well as applied for cleansing the environment. Previous research has concluded that sorghum plants are highly tolerant to metal pollution and capable of reaching high biomass values in the presence of metals. However, the distribution of heavy metals in plant’s parts has not been adequately studied. In this study, two varieties of sweet sorghum (Keller and E-Tian) were grown with 5 levels (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 ppm) of cadmium (Cd) in order to investigate the accumulation of Cd in plant parts at the hard dough stage. The results clearly showed the absence of Cd in the seeds of the above plants. There was the presence of Cd at the second and fifth leaf when the level of Cd reached 25 - 50 ppm. There was a great correlation coefficient between Cd and the position of the internodes, namely 0.86, 0.96, 0.99, 0.98 with KE, and 0.86, 0.92, 0.94, 0.94 with ET at 5, 10, 25 and 50 ppm Cd (P < 0.01), respectively. The greater the internodes, the lower the accumulation of Cd. The aforementioned plants recorded the high accumulation of Cd in their roots, peaking at 23.27 μg/g (dried weight, dw) in Keller and 21.69 μg/g in E-Tian. Based on these results, it is concluded that the distribution of Cd in the studied sweet sorghum can be arranged in the following order: > stem > old leaves > young leaves

Assessing Soil and Plant Pollution by Abandoned Rural Waste Dumping Sites in Ningbo, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Dong Guan ◽  
Ye Hong Du ◽  
Zhen Dong Li ◽  
An Cheng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Plant Pollution

This paper reports the concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in the soils and rices surrounding the abandoned rural waste dumping sites in Ningbo. Igeo (geoaccumulation index) was calculated to assess the contamination degree of heavy metals in soils. The mean contents of Cr, Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb of soils were 33.3, 24.1, 1.5, 118.9 and 45.6 mg/(kg DW) (dry weight), respectively. All of them were much higher than that of the reference value (i.e. CK), but there were no coherent trend of the metal contents within 1-120m distance from the dumping site. Igeo of heavy metals reveals the order of Cd>Cu>Cr>Pb>Zn, and the contamination assessment of soils using Igeo indicate the moderate Cd pollution, while the soils were unpolluted-moderately overall by Cr, Cu, Zn as well as Pb. The heavy metal contents in root, stem & leaf and rice grains were all remarkable higher than that of the CK at 20-120 m distances, and the heavy metal contents in root were evidently much higher than other plant parts, while those in rice grain were lowest, indicating the great bioaccumulation trend of heavy metals. Although the metal contents in the rice grain were within the legislation limit, its bioaccumulation trend of heavy metals was remarkable, whose contents were 4.38-fold for Cr, 1.76-fold for Cu, 1.28-fold for Zn, 2.67-fold for Cd and 3.03-fold for Pb higher than that of reference value, respectively. Finally, we proposed a decentralized in-situ restoration approach for the dumping sites.

Use of Polyacrylamide Superabsorbent Polymers and Plantain Peel Biochar to Reduce Heavy Metal Mobility and Uptake by Wastewater-Irrigated Potato Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaskaran Dhiman ◽  
Shiv O. Prasher ◽  
Eman ElSayed ◽  
Ramanbhai Patel ◽  
Christopher Nzediegwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
List Type ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Tuber Flesh ◽  
Acrylamide Monomers ◽  
Cu And Zn

HighlightsAmending soil with SAP+BC and SAP reduced Cd, Cu, and Zn uptake into potato tubers.SAP+BC treatment led to greater Cd and Zn retention in topsoil.Acrylamide monomers were not detected in potatoes grown in SAP-amended soil.Potato peels accumulated higher concentrations of heavy metals than tuber flesh.Abstract. Agriculture is the largest consumer of freshwater; therefore, use of alternate sources for irrigation, such as wastewater, could alleviate increasing stress on freshwater resources. However, wastewater may contain contaminants such as heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn), which could be taken up by food crops and/or contaminate groundwater. To reduce the mobility of heavy metals in soil and deter their uptake by potatoes ( L.) irrigated with synthetic wastewater, polyacrylamide superabsorbent polymer (SAP) and a mixture of SAP and plantain peel biochar (SAP+BC) were tested as soil amendments. The experiment was performed in field lysimeters packed with sandy soil. SAP was incorporated into the soil layer from 0.15 to 0.25 m below the surface and BC was mixed into the top 0.10 m of soil, both at an application rate of 1% (w/w). Leachate and composite soil samples from different depths, collected after each irrigation event, were analyzed for heavy metals. Upon harvest, different plant parts were subjected to heavy metal analysis. Compared to the untreated control, the SAP+BC treatment led to significantly greater (p &lt; 0.05) retention of Cd and Zn in the topsoil while significantly reducing (p &lt; 0.05) Cd, Cu, and Zn uptake into potato tuber flesh tissue and Cd uptake into tuber peels. The SAP treatment also significantly reduced (p &lt; 0.05) Cd uptake in the tuber as compared to the control. Acrylamide monomers were not detected in tuber flesh and peel samples for all treatments, indicating possible safe use of SAP and BC in soils to reduce heavy metal leaching and uptake by plants. Keywords: Biochar, Heavy metals, Hydrogels, Lysimeter, Plant uptake, Superabsorbent polymers, Wastewater.

Isolation and characterization of heavy-metal-mobilizing bacteria from contaminated soils and their potential in promoting Pb, Cu, and Cd accumulation by Coprinus comatus

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-bing Jing ◽  
Nan He ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Yan-ru Cao ◽  
Heng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Coprinus Comatus ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

The enhanced effect of heavy-metal-mobilizing bacteria on the uptake of Pb, Cu, and Cd by Coprinus comatus from Pb-, Cu-, and Cd-multicontaminated soil was assessed in this study. Thirteen strains, tolerating 800 mg·L–1 Pb, 200 mg·L–1 Cu, and 200 mg·L–1 Cd simultaneously were selected for heavy-metal-solubilizing experiments in soil. The mobilization of heavy metals depended on the characteristics of bacteria and heavy metals. Correlation analysis demonstrated that for Pb solubilization, the acid-producing ability was the most significant factor, while for Cu and Cd, siderophores played a leading role in this process. Four strains, based on their excellent ability to solubilize heavy metal in soil, were applied in pot experiments. The results showed that all strains can promote the growth of C. comatus and meanwhile help mushroom accumulate more heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Cu). The maximum uptake for total Pb and Cu by C. comatus was observed in inoculations with Bacillus sp. strain JSG1 (2.02- and 2.13-fold, respectively, compared with uninoculated soil), while for Cd, it was recorded in Bacillus sp. strain PB2 treated soil (2.03-fold). Therefore, this work suggests that the mushroom–bacteria interaction can be developed into a novel bioremediation strategy.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metals in the surrounding soils and their bioconcentrations in few plants near Kathajodi river, Odisha, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 790-803
Author(s):  
S. R. Barik ◽  
P. J. Mishra ◽  
A. K. Nayak ◽  
S. Rout
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Soil Cd

The present study was carried out mainly concentrate on assessment of heavy metal in the surrounding soils and their bioconcentration in the different plants near Kathajodi River. Soil and plant samples were collected along the Kathajodi river, Odisha, India. It was found that the dominance of heavy metals follows a decreasing order. The metal concentrations measured in soil at all location generally decreased in the order; Fe > Mn > Ni> Pb> Cu> Zn> Cd. Highest heavy metal concentration in river bank soil Cd (0.72±0.05 mgkg-1); Ni (3.85±0.15 mgkg-1); Cu (1.66±0.15 mgkg-1); Zn (1.54±0.16 mgkg-1); Pb (4.11±0.14 mgkg-1); Fe (142.0±1.16 mgkg-1); Mn (37.30±1.16 mgkg-1) at different site . Among all the grass species I. laxum has the higher affinity for the accumulation of Cd (0.85±0.05) followed by Zn, Pb and Cu. This study indicates that bio concentration of heavy metals in the study area show preferential Cd uptake in the plants followed by Zn, Pb and it may lead to accumulates in the exposed plant part posing risk along the food chain. This calls for immediate action to be implemented to carry out necessary environment mitigation measures for the river as it can be attributed the discharge of untreated domestic waste and effluents in the river.

scholarly journals Cadmium induced modification of sugar accumulation and translocation along sweet sorghum stem

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 526
Author(s):  
Dinh Thi Thanh Tra ◽  
Igarashi Yasuo ◽  
Xiao Hua ◽  
Luo Feng ◽  
Xu Chang Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Candidate Species ◽  
Brix Degree

Sweet sorghum has become a candidate species for combining phytoremediation with biofuel production due to heavy metal resistance, great biomass and sugar enrichment in stem. However, the influence of heavy metals on sugar accumulation in sweet sorghum is still unknown. In this study, Cd induced modification of sugar storage and translocation in stem was monitored using two sweet sorghum cultivars Keller (KE) and E-tian (ET). Brix degree, which represents sugar content in stem juice, displays significant reduction in response to exogenous Cd treatment in both lines. The sugar enrichment is more obviously repressed in the lower internodes while it is hardly affected in the top internodes. Excessive Cd results in drastically enhanced Cd accumulation, preferentially in the lower internodes. More interestingly, negative correlation between Cd and sugar content is detected along internodes, indicating antagonistic translocation between Cd and sugar along stem of sweet sorghum. The preferential compartmentation of Cd and sugar in different regions of stem provides novel insights into understanding and application of sweet sorghum for combining biofuel production with phytoremediation of heavy metal in soil.

scholarly journals Heavy metal accumulation by willow clones in short-time hydroponics

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Malá ◽  
H. Cvrčková ◽  
P. Máchová ◽  
J. Dostál ◽  
P. Šíma
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Short Time

: The differences in Pb and Cd accumulation capabilities of <I>Salix miyabeana, S. viminalis, S. × blanda</I>, and <I>S. elbursensis</I> derived from willows planted in 1997 in coal-ash settling localities in the Krušné hory Mts.,the Czech Republic, were determined. Plantlets micropropagated by organogenesis were grown in sterile hydroponic media supplemented with 0.5mM Pb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> or 0.5mM Cd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>· 4H<sub>2</sub>O. The samples of roots and aboveground parts were collected after 48, 72, 96, and 168 h of cultivation. Generally, substantially higher concentrations of accumulated Pb and Cd were identified in roots than in aboveground parts of all willow clones, even if clonal differences in their accumulation were detected. The results sufficiently confirmed the clonal differences in the uptake and translocation of heavy metals in the above-mentioned willows.

scholarly journals Long-Term Irrigation with Treated Municipal Wastewater from the Wadi-Musa Region: Soil Heavy Metal Accumulation, Uptake and Partitioning in Olive Trees

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Khaled A. Al-Habahbeh ◽  
Mohamed B. Al-Nawaiseh ◽  
Rabea S. Al-Sayaydeh ◽  
Jehad S. Al-Hawadi ◽  
Randa N. Albdaiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Selective Absorption ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Translocation Factors

Utilization of treated wastewater (TWW) for agricultural purposes has grown over the past few years because of limited available water resources. This study was performed to assess the long-term irrigation of treated wastewater from the Wadi-Musa region on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil and their uptake and translocation to various parts of olive trees. Fifteen year old trees that had been grown and irrigated with treated wastewater resources since their establishment were used in this study. Irrigation water, soil, and plant samples (root, stem bark, leaves, fruits) were collected and chemically analyzed for their heavy metal content. Accumulation of heavy metals in irrigation water and soil were found to be within the acceptable range for the safe use of treated wastewater according to the standards of the WHO. However, long-term and continuous irrigation with TWW resulted in significant accumulation of heavy metals in plant parts when compared to their levels in irrigation water and soil. Uptake of metals was consistent among plant parts with the highest concentrations for Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn, and the lowest concentrations for Ni, Cr and Cd. Assessment of the bioaccumulation factor (BFC) and translocation factors (TF) of heavy metals into different plant parts indicated selective absorption and partitioning of these heavy metals into different plant parts. High BCF values were observed for Fe, Cu and Ni in roots and fruits, and Fe, Mn, Cd and Pb in leaves. Translocation factors of metal ions were variable among plant parts. Fruits had the highest TF for Cu, Cd and Zn metals, and the lowest for Mn and Fe, while leaves have the highest TF for Fe, Zn and Mn and the lowest for Cd and Pb. The results of this study indicate that olive trees are heavy metal accumulators, caution should be considered in long-term use of TWW and periodic assessment of possible hazards, especially on fruits and oil quality is required.

scholarly journals Contribution of Nano-Zero-Valent Iron and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soil

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Peng Cheng ◽  
Shuqi Zhang ◽  
Quanlong Wang ◽  
Xueying Feng ◽  
Shuwu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Immobilization ◽  
Heavy Metal Immobilization ◽  
Nano Zero Valent Iron

Soil pollution with heavy metals has attracted increasing concern, which calls for the development of new remediation strategies. The combination of physical, chemical, and biological techniques can achieve more efficient remediation. However, few studies have focused on whether nanomaterials and beneficial microbes can be jointly used to facilitate phytoremediation. Therefore, we studied the role of nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the phytoremediation of an acidic soil polluted with Cd, Pb and Zn, using sweet sorghum. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and mapping analyses were conducted to explore the mechanisms of metal immobilization by nZVI. The results showed that although both bare nZVI (B-nZVI) and starch-stabilized nZVI (S-nZVI) inhibited root mycorrhizal colonization, Acaulospora mellea ZZ successfully colonized the plant roots. AM inoculation significantly reduced the concentrations of DTPA-Cd, -Pb, and -Zn in soil, and the concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in plants, indicating that AM fungi substantially facilitated heavy metal immobilization. Both B-nZVI and S-nZVI, ranging from 50 mg/kg to 1000 mg/kg, did not impede plant growth, and generally enhanced the phytoextraction of heavy metals. XRD, EDS and mapping analyses showed that S-nZVI was more susceptible to oxidation than B-nZVI, and thus had more effective immobilization effects on heavy metals. Low concentrations of nZVI (e.g., 100 mg/kg) and AM inoculation had synergistic effects on heavy metal immobilization, reducing the concentrations of Pb and Cd in roots and enhancing root Zn accumulation. In conclusion, our results showed that AM inoculation was effective in immobilizing heavy metals, whereas nZVI had a low phytotoxicity, and they could jointly contribute to the phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils with sweet sorghum.

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