scholarly journals Fødselsvekt og selvmord: er det noen sammenheng?

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Grøholt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Causal Pathway

<span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left">Siden Salk i 1985 introduserte ideen om at fødselskomplikasjoner kunne øke risikoen for tenåringsselvmord, har flere studier tatt opp problemstillingen, men med motstridende funn. Sammenhengen mellom lav fødselsvekt og forhøyet mortalitet er vist i en rekke studier, og i noen tilfelle også for selvmord. Artikkelen gjennomgår relevant litteratur, og mye taler for at det er en sammenheng mellom intrauterine komplikasjoner og selvmord. I artikkelen drøftes funn og mulige mediatorer: Endret programmering og utvikling av CNS intrauterint kan føre til dårlig mental helse, kognitiv dysfunksjon og dårlig stresstoleranse. Om lav sosial klasse, dårlig psykisk helse hos foreldre, føstegangsfødende ung mor er konfoundere (effektforvekslere) eller en del av årsakskjeden er ennå ikke klarlagt.</p><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left">The paper quotes and discusses studies addressing the association between suicide and low birth weight. The results are partly contradictory, but still there seems to be a connection between suicide and low birth weight/birth length. This connection may be mediated through reduced mental health, low stress tolerance or cognitive deficits, all factors that are possibly related to the development of the CNS in utero. To which extent low socioeconomic status, low mental health in parents, low maternal age and nulliparity are factors in the causal pathway or confounders are not yet clarified.</p></span></span></span></span>

scholarly journals Gambaran Faktor Risiko Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah yang Dirawat di RSUP DR. M. Djamil Padang

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245
Author(s):  
Katelino Marpaung ◽  
Husna Yetti ◽  
Defrin Defrin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic

Abstrak Latar Belakang. Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) adalah bayi yang mempunyai berat lahir kurang dari 2500 gram yang ditimbang pada saat setelah lahir. Saat ini BBLR menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian neonatus terbanyak di Kota Padang. Banyak faktor yang dapat memengaruhi kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah, seperti usia ibu, paritas, jarak kehamilan, status gizi, antenatal care, anemia, pendidikan, sosial ekonomi, penyakit saat hamil, plasenta previa, solusio plasenta, kelainan kongenital, dan kehamilan ganda. Objektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor risiko bayi berat lahir rendah yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang pada periode 1 Januari – 31 Desembar tahun 2019. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 71 sampel. Hasil. Hasil penelitian didapatkan beberapa faktor risiko sebagai berikut : usia ibu berisiko (28,17%), paritas nullipara (35,21%), jarak kehamilan berisiko (8,45%), riwayat antenatal care berisiko (4,23%), ibu anemia (33,80%), status pendidikan rendah (73,24%), status sosial ekonomi rendah (54,93%), penyakit saat hamil (76,06%), kelainan plasenta (5,63%), kelainan kongenital (8,45%), dan kehamilan ganda (22,54%). Kesimpulan.  Faktor risiko yang paling banyak terjadi pada bayi berat lahir rendah adalah penyakit saat hamil, status pendidikan rendah, dan status sosial ekonomi rendah. Kata kunci: BBLR, faktor risiko, neonatus   Abstract Background. Low Birth Weight (LBW) baby is when the infant is weighed less than 2500 grams at the time after birth. Low Birth Weight baby is one of the leading causes of neonates deaths in Padang. There are several factors causing LBW babies, such as maternal age, parity, space between pregnancy, nutrition, antenatal care, anemia, low educational status, low socioeconomic status, disease during pregnancy, placenta previa, placenta abruption, congenital abnormality, and multiple pregnancies. Objective.This study was aimed to describe the risk factors of LBW babies who were treated at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang from 1st January – 31st December 2019. Methods. This study was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Seventy-one samples were selected by simple random sampling. Results. The results of the study describe risk factors of LBW babies as follows mother with threatening age (28.17%), nullipara parity (35.21%), the distance of hazardous pregnancies (8.45%), nutritional status of underweight (12.68%), history of risky antenatal care ( 4.23%), maternal anemia (33.80%), low educational status (73.24%), low socioeconomic status (54.93%), illness during pregnancy (76.06%), placental disorders (5.63) %), congenital abnormalities (8.45%), and multiple pregnancies (22.54%). Conclusion. The most critical risk factors for low birth weight babies are illness during pregnancy, low education status, and low socioeconomic status. Keywords: low birth weight baby, risk factors, neonates

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of determinants of low birth weight and stunting among under five children of adolescent and non-adolescent mothers using 2015/16 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS)

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramadhani H. Mtongwa ◽  
Charles Festo ◽  
Ester Elisaria
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Child Birth ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Background Tanzania is one of the Sub-Saharan African country with nearly 12 out of 60 million people being adolescent. The prevalence of child marriage is higher with one out of every three girls being married before reaching their 18th birthday, 5 % being married by the age of 15, and 31% by the age of 18 years. Literature shows early pregnancy is associated with Low Birth Weight (LBW) and stunting among children under 5 years. This paper explores variation and factors associated with low birth weight and stunting among children born by adolescent and non-adolescent mothers. Methods Data from 13,266 women with children under 5 years collected as part of the 2015/2016 TDHS was re-analyzed using STATA version 14 software while accounting for survey design. A total of 6385 women (of which 7.2% were adolescent) and 8852 women (of which 6.7% were adolescent) were involved in the analysis of child birth weight and stunting respectively. Descriptive statistics stratified by maternal age was conducted with LBW and stunting as outcome variables followed by logistic regressions models controlling for confounding variables. Results The proportion of obese or overweight adolescent and non-adolescent mothers was 11.8 and 36.5% respectively. Antenatal care (ANC) attendance, areas of residence and social economic status were very similar in the two maternal age groups. Non- adolescent mothers had reduced odds of giving birth to LBW babies compared to adolescent mothers (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.22–0.50). Maternal undernutrition (AOR = 2.29; 95% CI: 1.43–3.67), being divorced, separated or widowed (AOR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.24–2.50) and having at least four ANC visits (AOR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.49–0.83) were significantly associated with reduced odds of having a LBW. Child stunting was not associated with maternal age. Maternal high socioeconomic status (AOR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.57–0.84) and maternal obesity or overweight (AOR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.64–0.92) were negatively associated with stunting. Child birth weight, sex, and age were significantly associated with stunting. Conclusion Maternal age was a predictor of LBW but not stunting. ANC attendance and not living with a spouse increase the risk of LBW babies. Stunting was associated with low maternal body mass index (BMI), low socioeconomic status, child birth weight, gender, and age. A multi-sectoral approach is needed to address child nutrition problems with teenagers ‘specific intervention that offer emotional support, and health education during pregnancies for improving immediate and later life child birth outcomes.

scholarly journals Iron profiles of preterm infants at two months of chronological age

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henny Adriani Puspitasari ◽  
Endang Windiastuti ◽  
Aryono Hendarto
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Low Socioeconomic

Background Preterm infants are vulnerable to iron deficiency (ID) due to lack of maternal iron stores, repeated phlebotomy, and the body’s increased demand for iron during growth. The risk of ID increases at 2 months of age, when hemoglobin (Hb) levels start to decrease. Adequacy of body iron level is assessed by ferritin, serum iron (SI), transferrin saturation (Tfsat), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and Hb measurements.Objective To describe iron profiles in preterm infants at 2 months of chronological age (CA).Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2-month-old infants, born at 32-36 weeks of gestational age, and who visited the Growth and Development Clinics at Cipto Mangunkusumo, Fatmawati, or Budi Kemuliaan Hospitals. Parental interviews and medical record reviews were done during the clinic visits. Complete blood count, blood smear, SI, TIBC, Tfsat, and ferritin level tests were performed.Results Eighty-three subjects were enrolled in this study. Most subjects were male (51%) and born to mothers >20 years of age (93%). Subjects’ birth weights ranged from 1,180 g to 2,550 g. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was 6% and that of ID was 10%. The lowest Hb level found in IDA infants was 6.8 g/dL, while the lowest ferritin level was 8.6 ng/mL. Median values for the other tests were as follows: SI 48 µg/dL, TIBC 329µg/dL, and Tfsat 17%. Subjects with IDA were all male (5/5), mostly achieved more than twice their birth weight (4/5), were non-iron supplemented (3/5), born to mothers with low educational background (3/5), and of low socioeconomic status (3/5).Conclusion The prevalence of IDA is 6% and that of ID is 10%. Most subjects with ID and IDA have low SI, high TIBC, low Tfsat, and low ferritin level. Most of the all-male IDA subjects weigh more than twice their birth weight, are non-iron supplemented, and born to mothers with low educational background and low socioeconomic status.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise and High-Intensity Interval Training on the Mental Health of Adolescents Living in Poverty (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kean Poon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
High Intensity Interval

BACKGROUND The increasing rate of mental health issues among adolescents has recently been a considerable concern in Hong Kong. In particular, adolescents with low socioeconomic status are likely to experience poor mental health including low self-esteem and high levels of anxiety, anger, and depression. Previous research has found that physical activities have a positive impact on improving mental health outcomes among adolescents. However, approximately 96% of adolescents in Hong Kong fail to engage in regular exercises, which potentially increase risk of poor mental health. OBJECTIVE This study aims to (1) examine whether changes in the three indicators (reduced ill-being, enhanced well-being and cognitive functions) of mental health among adolescents with low socioeconomic status are evident before and after exercises. In addition, this study (2) compares the effectiveness of aerobic exercise and high-intensity interval training in these indicators among adolescents with low socioeconomic status. METHODS A total of 78 participants from low-income families who are aged between 12 and 15 from three to four secondary schools will be recruited for this study. They will be randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise group (n = 26), a high-intensity interval training group (n = 26), or a control group (n = 26). Participants in the first two groups will take part in a 10-week training program period. Participants in the control group will participate in other physical activity during the same intervention period. The training sessions will be conducted thrice a week on non-consecutive days. A range of neuropsychological tests and psychometric scales will be used to measure the executive functions and indicators of psychological well-being and ill-being, which include enjoyment, self-efficacy, mood, depression, anxiety, and stress at pretest, posttest, and follow-up. RESULTS - CONCLUSIONS It is hoped that the findings will help inform policymakers and practitioners for promoting the importance of physical exercises to enhance mental health. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT050293888). Registered August 31, 2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT05029388

SOCIAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND NEUROLOGICAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NOCTURNAL ENURESIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-641
Author(s):  
Wallace C. Oppel ◽  
Paul A. Harper ◽  
Rowland V. Rider
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Reading Tests ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Increased Risk

Data on 859 children, who have been followed longitudinally from birth through 12 years, display associations of nocturnal enuresis with neurological, social, and psychological factors. To study these associations, various groups were formed, taking into account age of attaining ness and presence or absence of relapse. Most comparisons were of enuretic status at 6 to 8 years versus other measures at 6 to 10 years, as specified. Six-year-old children are at increased risk of having never been dry when they have neurological abnormalities on clinical examination, are middle children in birth order, or when their mothers have an unfavorable evaluation of them, a poor marital adjustment, or a low rating on a social contact scale. Other maternal attitudes are more likely to be associated with the never dry status of girls than of boys. Never dry 7 year olds are more sensitive, more likely to suppress feelings, more with-drawn, less ambitious, and have less fear of failure than the permanently dry group. Relapsers at 6 to 7½ years are more likely to be of low socioeconomic status, have a large number of siblings and display the following personality traits: decreased fear of failure, decreased anxiety and tension, and increased impulsivity when compared to non-relapsers. Low birth weight carries an increased risk of both prolonged bedwetting (never dry) and relapsing when it is associated with low I.Q. or poor performance on reading tests. Poor performance on Bender-Gestalt tests also is associated with increased risk of relapsing in children who are of low birth weight.

Abstract 57: Vulnerable Populations, Disparities, and the U.S. Tobacco Endgame

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Levy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Definition Of

Background: Since 1964 when the first Surgeon General’s report on smoking was published, the decline in smoking has been steepest among those with the most education. As smoking has become denormalized, it is increasingly concentrated in vulnerable populations that are marginalized by socioeconomic status, mental health, race/ethnicity, or sexual orientation. This analysis uses the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to assess current trends in cigarette smoking among vulnerable vs. non-vulnerable populations. Methods: Current cigarette smoking among adult NHIS respondents was tracked from 1999-2018. Vulnerable populations were defined by low socioeconomic status (<100% federal poverty level, <high school education, Medicaid recipient), low mental health (Kessler 6 score≥5), or race/ethnicity with elevated smoking (American Indian, multiracial). Sensitivity analyses added food insecurity and minority sexual orientation (non-straight), available starting 2013, to the definition of vulnerability. Regression analysis projected future smoking trends. Results: Smoking rates in all sub-groups declined from 1999 to 2018. Among the non-vulnerable, smoking declined from 19.2% to 9.7%; among the vulnerable, smoking rates were 10 percentage points higher, declining from 30.5% to 19.5%. Smoking rates among vulnerable populations are now double the rates in non-vulnerable populations. The proportion of smokers classified as vulnerable increased from 47.7% to 58.6%; the proportion of cigarettes consumed by vulnerable smokers increased from 50.1% to 60.4%. Expanding the definition of vulnerability to include those food insecure and in sexual minorities, the proportion of smokers classified as vulnerable (2018) was 61.63%. The most common vulnerabilities in the population (2018) were low socioeconomic status (25.5%) and poor mental health (22.0%); (7.8% were both). In 2018, as the number of vulnerabilities increased (0, 1, 2, ≥3), so did the smoking rate (9.4%, 14.6%, 21.7%, 31.7%, respectively, p<0.001). Using linear regression to extrapolate current trends, non-vulnerable populations will eliminate cigarette smoking in 2037, vulnerable populations in 2060. Conclusion: Existing public health policy and social trends are reducing smoking rates among all smokers, but absent concentrated effort to reduce smoking in vulnerable populations, health disparities from disproportionate tobacco use will increase and reverberate for decades.

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