scholarly journals Traumatic brain injury in Brazil: a comparative analysis between deaths and hospitalizations from 2015 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Ribeiro de Almeida ◽  
Laila Santos Borges ◽  
Giovana Aquino de Moraes ◽  
Felipe Fróes Batista Ribeiro ◽  
Giovanna Souza Filardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
The North ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Using Data

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a type of head injury with great relevance to the health service, affecting an average of 100,000 Brazilians/year. It’s one of the main causes of trauma morbidity and mortality, becoming an important public health problem. Objectives: Analyze the evolution of deaths, mortality rate (MR) and hospitalizations by TBI in Brazil during 2015-2019. Methods: An epidemiological, retrospective, descriptive study was carried out, using data from the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), during 2015-2019. Results: 514,666 hospitalizations and 48,554 deaths from TBI were reported during 2015-2019 in Brazil. In hospitalizations, the year with the highest records was 2015 (20.8%, n=106,980), while the lowest was 2019 (18.3%, n=94,055). There was a progressive reduction in hospitalizations in the period, with a decrease of 12.1% of hospitalizations in the interval. The number of deaths varied from year to year, with peak prevalence in 2016 (21.1%, n=10,264), and a progressive reduction after that year about 15.3% until 2019 (17.9%, n=8,691). Most deaths occurred in the Southeast (45.6%, n=22,144), while the Midwest (6.5%, n=3,169) registered lower rates. However, the highest MR recorded was in the North (MR=6.9), exceeding the national average (MR=6.3) in the period, while the lowest belonged to the South (MR=6.1). Conclusion: Despite the variations between 2015-2019, there was a decrease in deaths and hospitalizations in the period. Deaths were concentrated in Southeast, however, the largest MR was in the North.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Cândido de Souza ◽  
Ricardo Santos de Oliveira ◽  
Francisco de Assis Carvalho do Vale ◽  
Matheus Fernando Manzolli Ballestero
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Pediatric Tbi

Background: Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious social and economic problem. Emerging countries have 89% of the cases worldwide and lack relevant epidemiological studies on the subject. Objectives: Characterize the demographic, social and economic profiles of the pediatric population suffering TBI in Brazil. Methods: Data on the cases of pediatric TBI in Brazil between 2008 and 2020 were collected through the computer department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) maintained by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Results: There are about 28,836 hospital admissions due to pediatric TBI per year and an incidence of 45.11 admissions /100,000/year. The in-hospital mortality rate was 1.47/100,000/year, and the case fatality rate was 3.26%. The average annual cost of hospital expenses was US$ 12.311.759, with the average admission cost having a value of US $417. The 15–19 age group was the most frequently admitted to hospital for pediatric TBI and had the highest number of in- hospital deaths; in addition, more males were affected by this trauma compared to females at a rate of 2.31:1. Ethnic populations that are social minorities are more susceptible to a poor prognosis of TBI. Conclusion: Pediatric TBI should be recognized as an important public health problem in Brazil, as it is responsible for considerable social and economic costs. Public policies that reduce the causes of this type of trauma in the pediatric population are urgently needed in Brazil and other emerging countries.

scholarly journals Analytical Study of the Evolution of Hospitalizations for Traumatic Brain Injury In Brazil, In Comparison With Region, Race, Gender, Age Range and Death, Between January 2011 and December 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel de Christo Esteves ◽  
Antônio Henrique Roberti dos Santos ◽  
Guilherme Neumann de Araújo ◽  
Mylena Sobreira Sena ◽  
Giovanna Amaral Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
External Agent ◽  
Methods Analytical

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) consists of an damage to the brain tissue by an external agent, whether due to falls, car accidents or aggressions. It is a situation that often requires emergency care, due to possible sequelae and the imminent risk of death. Thus, TCE is one of the main causes of death worldwide, especially in children and young adults, translating into an important public health problem with a high socioeconomic impact. Objectives: To report the number of hospitalizations for TBI, in order to clarify the relationship between it and the variables studied. Methods: Analytical epidemiological study carried out by research at DATASUS based on data on head trauma in Brazil, with patients aged less than 1 year to 80 years or more, between January 2011 and December 2020, associating the location according to the age group, region, race, gender, mortality rate, year and number of deaths in the country. Results: Observing the cases of intracranial trauma, in the last 10 years (2011- 2020), 1,033,512 cases were noted, 787,480 (76.19%) of which were male. As for the regional proportion, there is a higher incidence in the southeastern region, with 431,785 (43.02%) cases, with São Paulo being 236,653 (54.80%) the state with the largest number, followed by the northeast region, in which it occupies the second position with the highest number of cases, with 274,781 (26.58%) and Ceará the most relevant state with 65,602 (23.87%) cases. Regarding race, browns with 348,581 (33.72%) cases had the highest rate. Evaluating an age group, 17.23% of the cases are between 20 and 29 years old, followed by 14.88% between 30 and 39 years old. In relation to deaths, there is a total of 98,537, with the age group between 20 and 29 years with the highest incidence with 14,814 (15.03%), with a highlight in the male gender with 13,152 (88.78%). With regard to the mortality rate, a higher rate was observed in males aged over 80 years. Conclusion: Traumatic brain injury often requires an early diagnosis for a better prognosis. Judging from the large number of cases, it is worth investing in methods for early diagnosis, seeking to improve the prognosis and reduce the total number of deaths. In addition, it is necessary to look at the causes of TBI and to emphasize the prevention of causes that can be avoided, especially among the youngest who are the most affected group.

scholarly journals Association between suicide risk and traumatic brain injury in adults: a population based cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2019-136860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueh-Chien Lu ◽  
Ming-Kung Wu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Cong-Liang Zhang ◽  
Ying-Yi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Global Public Health

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, and its treatment is potentially a heavy economic burden. Suicide is another global public health problem and the second leading cause of death in young adults. Patients with TBI are known to have higher than normal rates of non-fatal deliberate self-harm, suicide and all-cause mortality. The aim of this study was to explore the association between TBI and suicide risk in a Chinese cohort.MethodThis study analysed data contained in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for 17 504 subjects with TBI and for 70 016 subjects without TBI matched for age and gender at a ratio of 1 to 4. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to estimate subsequent suicide attempts in the TBI group. Probability of attempted suicide was determined by Kaplan-Meier method.ResultsThe overall risk of suicide attempts was 2.23 times higher in the TBI group compared with the non-TBI group (0.98 vs 0.29 per 1000 person-years, respectively) after adjustment for covariates. Regardless of gender, age or comorbidity, the TBI group tended to have more suicide attempts, and the risk attempted suicide increased with the severity of TBI. Depression and alcohol attributed disease also increased the risk of attempted suicide in the TBI group.ConclusionSuicide is preventable if risk factors are recognised. Hence, TBI patients require special attention to minimise their risk of attempted suicide.

scholarly journals Hospital admission and readmission among homeless patients with neurologic disease: Retraction and replacement

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (24) ◽  
pp. e2822-e2831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Rosendale ◽  
Elan L. Guterman ◽  
John P. Betjemann ◽  
S. Andrew Josephson ◽  
Vanja C. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Hospital Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Inpatient Database

ObjectiveTo characterize the most common neurologic diagnoses leading to hospitalization for homeless compared to housed individuals and to assess whether homelessness is an independent risk factor for 30-day readmission after an admission for a neurologic illness.MethodsWe performed a retrospective serial cross-sectional study using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project California State Inpatient Database from 2006 to 2011. Adult patients with a primary neurologic discharge diagnosis were included. The primary outcome was 30-day readmission. We used multilevel logistic regression to examine the association between homelessness and readmission after adjustment for patient factors.ResultsWe identified 1,082,347 patients with a neurologic primary diagnosis. The rate of homelessness was 0.37%. The most common indications for hospitalization among homeless patients were seizure and traumatic brain injury, both of which were more common in the homeless compared to housed population (19.3% vs 8.1% and 31.9% vs 9.2%, respectively, p < 0.001). A multilevel mixed-effects model controlling for patient age, sex, race, insurance type, comorbid conditions, and clustering on the hospital level found that homelessness was associated with increased 30-day readmission (odds ratio 1.5, 95% confidence interval 1.4–1.6, p < 0.001). This association persisted after this analysis was repeated within specific diagnoses (patients with epilepsy, trauma, encephalopathy, and neuromuscular disease).ConclusionThe most common neurologic reasons for admission among homeless patients are seizure and traumatic brain injury; these patients are at high risk for readmission. Future interventions should target the drivers of readmissions in this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Exploring the experience of sleep and fatigue in male and female adults over the 2 years following traumatic brain injury: a qualitative descriptive study

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. e010453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Theadom ◽  
Vickie Rowland ◽  
William Levack ◽  
Nicola Starkey ◽  
Laura Wilkinson-Meyers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Predicting Mortality and Independence at Discharge in the Aging Traumatic Brain Injury Population Using Data Available at Admission

2017 ◽  
Vol 224 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preston R. Miller ◽  
Michael C. Chang ◽  
J. Jason Hoth ◽  
Amy N. Hildreth ◽  
Stacey Q. Wolfe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Using Data

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of patients served due to official accidents in the north of Brazil, Amazon Region, in the period from 2009 to 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Larissa Queiroz Costa Carneiro ◽  
Isabela Menezes Barbosa ◽  
Igor de Souza Cardoso ◽  
Cláudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos Dias ◽  
Euzébio de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
The North ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Ophidian accidents are a significant public health problem worldwide, due to both their frequency and morbidity and mortality. In Brazil, during the years 2009 to 2019 there were 313,139 registered cases, of which 151,565 occurred in the North Region, making explicit the importance of studying this disease in that Region. The objective of the present study is to determine the epidemiological profile of the affected patients (age and sex), the accident itself (UF, month, year, time to attend) and the snake gender of the accidents that occurred in the Northern region of Brazil. Secondary data were obtained through access to the Information Department of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS), at the electronic address www.datasus.gov.br, in the SIH / SUS Hospital Information System. It was found that the accidents occurred mainly in rural areas, with men, in socioeconomically active age, caused by snakes of the Bothrops genus. Several cases could be classified as accidents at work, these could be avoided or minimized with appropriate personal protective equipment and guidelines.

scholarly journals Early rehabilitation intervention is associated with significant positive functional outcomes in traumatic brain injury: a retrospective analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Rai ◽  
Mallikarjun Gunjiganvi ◽  
Awale Rupali Bhalachandra ◽  
Harleen Uppal
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Early Rehabilitation ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Ethic Committee Approval ◽  
The Impact

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health problem affecting adversely health care system. While acute trauma care has been documented to improve outcomes, the impact of early rehabilitation on outcome is not well documented especially in the developing world like ours. Predicting functional outcome from admission variables helps in intervention development, and appropriate fund allocation for TBI treatment. Therefore, we accepted a challenge to do a retrospective study on TBI patients admitted in our newly established and resource limited trauma center. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of early rehabilitation on TBI patients on functional improvement and to prognosticate the improvement from early admission variables.Methods: Study was conducted at Apex Trauma Center, SGPGIMS, Lucknow analysis of prospectively maintained data. Retrospective analysis of records of patients, admitted within 48 hrs of moderate to severe injury, was done after Institute Ethic Committee approval. Statistical analysis used was regression analysis and multivariate analysis was done between possible risk factors and FIM gain.Results: There was significant FIM score improvement from admission to discharge (p<0.001). Factors associated with a higher FIM gain were admission FIM motor and cognitive scores, GCS score on admission and length of hospital stay.Conclusions: Our study strongly suggests that a dedicated rehabilitation programme, designed according to the functional needs of TBI patient, helps in improved functional outcome and recovery.

scholarly journals Patterns and Outcome of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Study in a Tertiary Level Military Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Md Shohidul Islam ◽  
Md Fashiur Rahman ◽  
Md Aminul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Persistent Vegetative State ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Hospital

Introduction: A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an injury to the brain caused by an impact to the head. TBI represents a huge global medical and public health problem across all ages and in both civilian and military populations. TBI is characterized by great heterogeneity in terms of etiology, mechanism, pathology, severity and treatment with widely varying outcomes. Objective: To determine the pattern and outcome of traumatic brain injuries in victims reported to emergency and casualty (E&C) department following intensive care with or without surgical intervention. Materials and Methods: This prospective type of observational study was conducted at Neurosurgery department of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka from October 2013 to March 2017. A total of 675 head injury patients with TBI were assessed with gender, age, cause and type of trauma, GCS on admission, associated other injuries, time lapsed from trauma to hospitalization and care given. The outcome was measured after 72 hours using Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Results: The incidence of TBI was 47.03% among the head injury patients. Common age group was 21-30 years (43.7%) and male victims (66.55%). RTA was the most frequent cause (50.05%) of TBI and the most common pathophysiological cause of TBI was subdural haemorrhage (SDH)(35%) followed by extradural haemorrhage (EDH)(27%). Most patients (45%) had mild TBI. Surgical intervention was required in 45% patients of TBI mainly for the SDH, EDH which had significant positive effect on the TBI patient’s outcome. The majority of patients (77%) had good outcome which included recovery (51.85%) and moderate disability (25.48%). The poor outcome was observed in 23% patients which included death (7.40%), persistent vegetative state (3.11%), severe disability (12.14%) and it was associated with older age, severe TBI (GCS<8 on admission), associated other injuries and delayed resuscitative care and interventions. Conclusion: TBI was common among the young adults male. The RTA was the leading cause of TBI. The factors that influence the outcome of TBI include patient’s age, severity of TBI, associated injuries and delayed resuscitative care. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.15 (1) 2019: 75-78

scholarly journals A Survey about Surgical Preferences in Operative Technique in Decompressive Craniectomy in Traumatic Brain Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Andres M Rubiano ◽  
Hernando Raphael Alvis-Miranda ◽  
Gabriel Alcalá-Cerra ◽  
Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Decompressive Craniectomy ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Operative Technique ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedure

ABSTRACT Traumatic brain injury is a public health problem. The control of intracranial hypertension is a key strategy for managing this type of patients. Decompressive craniectomy is a measure of second level for the control of intracranial hypertension refractory to medical management. In order to assess trends in relationship to the management of decompressive craniectomy, a survey was designed and sent to neurosurgeons from various countries. We discuss the results for a better standardization of surgical techinique. Decompressive craniectomy is a saving technique and usefulness depend on a correct realization of the neurosurgical procedure. How to cite this article Alvis-Miranda HR, Alcala-Cerra G, Rubiano AM, Moscote-Salazar LR. A Survey about Surgical Preferences in Operative Technique in Decompressive Craniectomy in Traumatic Brain Injury. J Trauma Critical Care Emerg Surg 2013;2(3):106-111.

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