The Effect of Breast and Bottle Feeding on Dental Caries in Preschool Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2232-2234
Author(s):  
Enas Othman ◽  
Taghreed Jaradat ◽  
Basma Alsakarna ◽  
Ayman F Alelaimat ◽  
Rania Alsaddi
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Key Words Breast ◽  
Nocturnal Feeding

Introduction: This study evaluates the effect of breast and bottle feeding on the severity and age of onset of early childhood caries (ECC). This prospective study conducted at the dental clinic of King Hussein Medical Center between March 2020 and July 2020. All preschool children who attended to the dental clinic suffering from dental caries were included in the study. Methodology: All preschool children who attended to the dental clinic suffering from dental caries were included in the study. A detailed history was obtained regarding age, gender, medical diseases, dental history, duration, frequency, and patterns of infant feeding. The patients were divided into 3 groups; the 1st group are those with exclusive breast feeding, the 2nd group are those with excusive bottle feeding and the 3rd group are those with mixed bottle and breast feeding. The age of onset of the caries was recorded. The severity of dental caries using DMFT index was explored in the groups. The obtained data was analyzed and compared with other studies. Results: 240 patients with aged between 3 and 6 years (mean 4.6±1.1) were enrolled in the study. A bout 55% of them was males. The commonest method of feeding for children was combined breast and bottle feeding (43%) followed by exclusive breast feeding (34%) and bottle feeding (23%). The highest DMFT score was found among patients with bottle feeding (4.9). The highest DMFT scores and earlier onset of caries were observed among patients who were breast fed (5.2, 3.2) or bottle fed (4.8,3.1) for more than 2 years respectively. Patients who were fed at night or those with frequent daily feeding at a rate of more than 6 times were associated with more sever forms of dental caries. Conclusion: Bottle feeding, nocturnal feeding and prolonged and frequent breast feeding were associated with more sever forms and earlier onset of dental caries in preschool children. Therefore, exclusive daily breast feeding at a rate not exceeding 6 times daily and for a duration not exceeding 12 months is recommended as a habit of feeding for infants. Key words: Breast feeding, Bottle feeding, Dental caries

THE STUDY ON SITUATON OF EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING FOR THE FIRST 6 MONTHS IN HOI AN

2016 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Thi Ngoc Anh Nguyen ◽  
Hoang Lan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Key Words Breast ◽  
Breastfeeding Rate ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Breast milk is the most valuable source of food for infants, no food is comparable. However in many countries around the world including Vietnam, the breastfeeding prevalence has been declining. A report of the Ministry of Health showed that only 19.6% of infants in Vietnam were exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months. The study was conducted in Hoi An with the aim at describing the situation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of the mothers in Hoi An city, Quang Nam province and; identifying some factors affecting exclusive breast feeding for the first 6 months in the study area. Methods: A crosssectional descriptive study was conducted in Hoi An city in December 2014. 516 mothers of infants aged from 6 to 12 months were directly interviewed on the basis of a structured questionnaire. Information about general characteristics of mothers and their infants, their knowledge and attitude of breastfeeding and the feeding types of their baby for the first 6 months was collected. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months. Results: The exclusive breastfeeding prevalence for the first 6 months is 22.3%. Knowledge in breastfeeding and attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months are factors that significantly related to exclusive breastfeeding prevalence for the first 6 months (OR = 3.3; p=0.001 and OR=10.4; p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The exclusive breastfeeding rate for the first 6 months in Hoi An city is low. The promoting antenatal education in exclusive breastfeeding is necessary solution to improve exclusive breastfeeding rate for the first 6 months. Key words: breast milk, exclusive breastfeeding, Hoi An

scholarly journals Determinants of suboptimal breast-feeding practices in Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabish Hazir ◽  
Dure-Samin Akram ◽  
Yasir Bin Nisar ◽  
Narjis Kazmi ◽  
Kingsley E Agho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Breast Feed

AbstractObjectiveExclusive breast-feeding is estimated to reduce infant mortality in low-income countries by up to 13 %. The aim of the present study was to determine the risk factors associated with suboptimal breast-feeding practices in Pakistan.DesignA cross-sectional study using data extracted from the multistage cluster sample survey of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006–2007.SettingA nationally representative sample of households.SubjectsLast-born alive children aged 0–23 months (total weighted sample size 3103).ResultsThe prevalences of timely initiation of breast-feeding, bottle-feeding in children aged 0–23 months, exclusive breast-feeding and predominant breast-feeding in infants aged 0–5 months were 27·3 %, 32·1 %, 37·1 % and 18·7 %, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that working mothers (OR = 1·48, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·87; P = 0·001) and mothers who delivered by Caesarean section (OR = 1·95, 95 % CI 1·30, 2·90; P = 0·001) had significantly higher odds for no timely initiation of breast-feeding. Mothers from North West Frontier Province were significantly less likely (OR = 0·37, 95 % CI 0·23, 0·59; P < 0·001) not to breast-feed their babies exclusively. Mothers delivered by traditional birth attendants had significantly higher odds to predominantly breast-feed their babies (OR = 1·96, 95 % CI 1·18, 3·24; P = 0·009). The odds of being bottle-fed was significantly higher in infants whose mothers had four or more antenatal clinic visits (OR = 1·93, 95 % CI 1·46, 2·55; P < 0·001) and belonged to the richest wealth quintile (OR = 2·41, 95 % CI 1·62, 3·58; P < 0·001).ConclusionsThe majority of Pakistani mothers have suboptimal breast-feeding practices. To gain the full benefits of breast-feeding for child health and nutrition, there is an urgent need to develop interventions to improve the rates of exclusive breast-feeding.

Feasibility of Milk Fluoridation and Trends in Dental Caries of Children in China

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Y. Bian ◽  
R.Y. Li ◽  
W.J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Caries Prevention ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Fluoride Level ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
First Choice

The aim of the study is to investigate the feasibility of milk fluoridation as a vehicle for caries prevention, based on the current epidemiological status and its trends of dental caries in preschool children in the area of the Haidian District of Beijing, where the indications exist: Fluoride level in drinking water is low (0.2-0.3 ppm), and water fluoridation and other systemic uses of fluorides are unilkely. From 75.9 to 79.7% of 3-6-year-old children were identified as having high caries experience (dmft 4.29-4.35). It was found that 60% of the preschool children who attended kindergarten were 3-6 years old, and 40% of the 1-2-yearolds were living with their families. There is a local dairy to produce milk for the population living in this district. The amount of fresh milk produced daily is about 50,000-60,000 kg. A special kind of milk with vitamins A and D is also available for the preschool children. Data available from the Community MCH Centre indicated that the percentage of breast-feeding is 12% only. The first choice by parents for artificial feeding to the babies is fresh or powdered milk. Therefore, the breast-feeding project started in 1992. It is recommended that mothers' milk should be provided to the babies for at least four months after birth, when a specially prescribed milk for the babies, produced by the dairy, will be provided on a daily basis. The cost of milk is cheaper than others. In this connection, a five-year project on milk fluoridation as a pilot study at the community level for caries prevention of preschool children is now planned. The project is supported by BDMF, WHO, and Chinese MOPH.

Caries Risk Factors among Three-year Old Children in Chiba, Japan

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Tada ◽  
Yuichi Ando ◽  
Nobuhiro Hanada
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Relationship

In order to predict the factors which affect the occurrence of dental caries in children after the age 18-months, we analyzed the relationship between the increment of the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) in children from 18-months to three-years of age and caries risk factors. Subjects were 392 infants who received both an 18-month-old check-up and a three-year-old check-up in Chiba city. Stepwise multiple logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the results with the increment of the dmft by various combinations of independent variables (sex, order of birth, sweets intake, beverage intake, tooth brushing and feeding). The most predictive factors for the increment of the dmft in upper anterior and molar were “breast feeding” and “bottle feeding” respectively. From these results, we concluded that bottle feeding and breast feeding were the risk factors for the increment of the dmft from the age of 18-months to three years.

Formula and complementary feeding

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mark Beattie ◽  
Anil Dhawan ◽  
John W.L. Puntis
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Bacterial Proliferation ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Expressed Breast Milk ◽  
P Type

Bottle-feeding 32Type of formula feed 33Complementary feeding 34Although the WHO recommends exclusive breast-feeding for 6 months and partial breast-feeding thereafter, it was recognized that some mothers would be unable, or would choose not to breast-feed, and that these mothers also deserved support to optimize their infant's nutrition. It is important that formula feeds are made up according to instructions and that both formula milk and expressed breast milk is handled in a way that minimizes the risk of bacterial proliferation in the feed. Some simple guidelines are given below: ...

scholarly journals Prevalence of key breastfeeding indicators in 29 sub-Saharan African countries: a meta-analysis of demographic and health surveys (2010–2015)

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e014145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abukari Ibrahim Issaka ◽  
Kingsley Emwinyore Agho ◽  
Andre MN Renzaho
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Early Initiation ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Sub Saharan

ObjectivesTo carry out a meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of four key breastfeeding indicators in four subregions of 29 sub-Saharan African countries.Design, settings and participantsThe 29 countries were categorised into four subregions, and using cross-sectional data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (2010–2015) of these countries prevalence of each of four key breastfeeding indicators was estimated for each of the subregions by carrying out a meta-analysis. Due to the presence of significant heterogeneity among the various surveys (I2>50%), a random-effect analytic model was used, and sensitivity analysis was performed to examine the effects of outliers.Main outcome variablesEarly initiation of breast feeding, exclusive breast feeding, predominant breast feeding and bottle feeding.ResultsThe overall prevalence ofearly initiation of breast feedingvaried between a lowest of 37.84% (95% CI 24.62 to 51.05) in Central Africa to a highest of 69.31% (95% CI 67.65 to 70.97) in Southern Africa; the overall prevalence ofexclusive breast feedingranged between a lowest of 23.70% (95% CI 5.37 to 42.03) in Central Africa to a highest of 56.57% (95% CI 53.50 to 59.95) in Southern Africa; the overall prevalence ofpredominant breast feedingranged between a lowest of 17.63% (95% CI 12.70 to 22.55) in East Africa and a highest of 46.37% (95% CI 37.22 to 55.52) in West Africa; while the prevalence ofbottle feedingvaried between a lowest of 8.17% (95% CI 5.51 to 10.84) in West Africa and a highest of 30.05% (95% CI 28.42 to 31.69) in Southern Africa.ConclusionsWest Africa and Central Africa recorded lower overall prevalence ofearly initiation of breast feedingandexclusive breast feedingthan the WHO’s recommended target of 50% by the year 2025. Intervention for improved breastfeeding practices in sub-Saharan Africa should target West and Central Africa, while intervention to minimise bottle feeding should target Southern Africa.

scholarly journals Human T-lymphotropic virus type I and breastfeeding; systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Boostani ◽  
Ramin Sadeghi ◽  
Amir Sabouri ◽  
Ali Ghabeli-Juibary
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Type I ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Short Period

Background: The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) is the first identified pathogenic human retrovirus. Breastfeeding has been reported to be the predominant route of vertical transmission of HTLV-I. The objective of this systematic review was to pool and evaluate the data on the transmission of HTLV-I with different infant-feeding practices on children born to HTLV-I-positive mothers. We conducted a systematic review of comparison of HTLV-I transmission risk to breastfed and bottle-fed  babies. Methods: We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, SID, Magiran, and Cochrane Library. The search strategy was limited to articles in English. Initial screening identified 254 citations; of these, 96 potentially relevant articles were identified. After reviewing the 96 full-text articles in detail, 7 reports met the inclusion criteria for this review. Results: Pooled odds ratio (OR) and risk difference (RD) of HTLV-I transmission in the breastfed group compared to the bottle-fed infants were [OR = 3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.58-7.64, P = 0.0020, Cochran’s Q = 27.7, P = 0.0010, and I2 = 67.5%] and (RD = 17.1%, 95% CI: 7.5%-26.7%, P < 0.0001, Cochran’s Q = 106, P < 0.0001, and I2 = 91.5%). So, we have evidence to support that exclusive breast feeding more than 6 months in comparison to bottle feeding highly  increases transmission rate of HTLV-I infection. We have also enough evidence to support that exclusive breast feeding up to 6 months compared to bottle feeding does not increase transmission rate of HTLV-I infection (pooled OR = 0.912, CI: 0.45-1.80; OR: 3.83, CI: 1.80-8.10, respectively). Conclusion: The current meta-analysis showed that short period (less than 6 months) of breastfeeding did not increase risk of HTLV-I infection transmission from mother to child among breastfeeders and more than 6 months of breastfeeding significantly increased the risk of HTLV-I infection. However, our meta-analysis shows that refraining from breastfeeding can decrease the risk of vertical HTLV-I transmission.

The Effect of Prolonged and Exclusive Breast-Feeding on Dental Caries in Early School-Age Children

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 484-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Kramer ◽  
I. Vanilovich ◽  
L. Matush ◽  
N. Bogdanovich ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Early School ◽  
Early School Age

scholarly journals Prevalence of Decayed Tooth Surfaces in Preschool Children and Factors Influencing its Development: An Observational Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Vinay Kumar SRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Decayed Tooth ◽  
Tooth Surfaces

Objective: Objective of the study was to determine prevalence of decayed tooth surfaces and factors influencing its development in primary dentition. Materials and Methods: The study design adopted was analytical observational study. Caries examination was conducted using plain mouth mirror, probe with WHO caries detection criteria. Decayed tooth surfaces were examined under optimal light source by a single qualified examiner to minimize visual error. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 16 software. Test for significance was done with the help of Chi square test. Results: Highest percentage of decayed tooth surfaces was observed at 5 years of age followed by 6, 4 and 3 years of age. There was slight predilection in development of decayed tooth surfaces in males than females. Higher parental education levels also significantly reduce prevalence of decayed tooth surfaces in preschool children. A significantly higher percentage of upper and upper middle-class children collectively had decayed teeth than of the collective middle class, lower middle class and lower class. The ratio of breast & bottle feeding to breast feeding habit only was 32.3:67.7. A significant association was observed between decayed tooth surfaces and feeding habits. As duration of the breast feeding and bottle feeding increased, the percentage of decayed tooth surfaces also increased. Conclusion: Among the studied factors; maternal education level, parental social class, feeding habits, duration of breast & bottle feeding had the most significant effect on the development of decayed tooth surfaces in preschool children.

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