Residues Analysis of Acetamiprid, Boscalid, Imidacloprid and Pyraclostrobin in the Minor Crop Mustard Green under Greenhouse Conditions for Evaluation of their Potentiality of PLS Violation

The current European protein deficit is estimated as high as 70% of present needs. Because of the high protein content of their seeds, grain legumes are attractive candidates for lowering the deficiency in plant protein production. The objective of this work was to identify new sources of vegetable protein that would reduce our high dependence of soy, the main source of protein in the manufacture of feedstuffs. To achieve this goal, we determined the proximate composition, the bioactive components, as well as the antinutritional factors present in the studied seeds. In general, the protein, fat and carbohydrates content of legume seeds studied were within the limits found in the literature. The bioactive compounds detected in all the seeds were α-galactosides, myoinositol phosphates, protease inhibitors and phenols. IP6 (phytic acid) was the main inositol phosphate form in all the samples. The highest protease inhibitors content was detected in both Lathyrus cicera cultivars. Vicia ervilia and L. cicera cultivars showed low haemagglutinating activity (20.4 HU/g). The γ-glutamyl-S-ethenyl-cysteine content in Vicia narbonensis was around 16.0 mg/g. Both L. cicera varieties presented similar β-N-oxalyl-L-α, β-diaminopropionic acid content (0.80 mg/g). The two V. ervilia varieties showed high canavanine concentration (1.93-5.28 mg/g). Vicine was only detected in V. narbonensis cultivars (0.3 mg/g). The biochemical characterization carried out in this study allows us to know the limits of inclusion of these minor crop seeds in feed formulations in order to replace the soybean.

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Diversity of Functional Soil Microbes in Manures and Its Effect on Organic Mustard Green (Brassica juncea) Production

Journal of Tropical Crop Science ◽

10.29244/jtcs.6.01.60-66 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (01) ◽

pp. 60-66

Author(s):

Ari Kurniawati ◽

Maya Melati ◽

Sandra Arifin Aziz ◽

Purwono Purwono

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Soil Microbes ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Research Field ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Soil P ◽

Goat Manure ◽

Mustard Green

The application of organic fertilizer, especially manures, for crop production has long-term effects for soil nutrients availability and improvement of soil structure. The improvement of soil properties involves interactions of various types of microorganism in the soil. The research aimed to study the effects of different types of manures on the diversity of functional soil microbes and its effects on organic green mustard production. The experiment was conducted at IPB organic research field, Cikarawang, Darmaga, Bogor, from April to June 2015. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with two factors; the first factor was types of manure, i.e. chicken, cow, and goat manures; the second factor was manure rates, i.e. 0 and 10 ton.ha-1, so there were six treatments in total, replicated three times. The results showed that chicken manure application resulted in a higher mustard green yield and soil-P content than application of goat manure. The addition 10 ton.ha-1 of manures increased C-organic, N, K, and C/N ratio in soil significantly, but mustard green production was not affected. The diversity of microbe population of the soil treated with all types of manures was high. The addition 10 ton.ha-1 of manures decreased the total number of microbes, but increased the number of cellulose-degrading microbes. The population of cellulose-degrading and phosphate-solubilizing microbes in the soil applied with cow manure was higher than those applied with the other manures.

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A survey for potential biological control agents of Pereskia aculeata Miller (Cactaceae) in Brazil reveals two new species of Horismenus Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4272.3.8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4272 (3) ◽

pp. 430

Author(s):

TIAGO G. PIKART ◽

VALMIR A. COSTA ◽

CHRISTER HANSSON ◽

SANDRA C. DE CRISTO ◽

MARCELO D. VITORINO

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

New Species ◽

Ornamental Plant ◽

Biological Control Agents ◽

Weed Species ◽

Sechium Edule ◽

Two New Species ◽

Minor Crop ◽

A Minor

This paper deals with the description of two new species of Horismenus Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Brazil, parasitoids of larvae of Adetus analis (Haldeman) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Both species are similar to Horismenus steirastomae (Girault), a species that also parasitizes cerambycids. Adetus analis is a pest of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz (Cucurbitaceae), a minor crop in Brazil, Argentina and U.S.A., but also feeds in stems of Pereskia aculeata Miller (Cactaceae), an ornamental plant that has become a problematic weed species in Africa, where it was introduced. The two new Horismenus species are described, diagnosed, and compared to H. steirastomae.

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PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN NANAS (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) DAN SAWI HIJAU (Brassica juncea L.) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK SELAI

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA) ◽

10.24843/itepa.2018.v07.i01.p06 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Tito Azhari Saputro ◽

I Dewa Gede Mayun Permana ◽

Ni Luh Ari Yusasrini

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Total Sugar ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Test Results ◽

Total Calcium ◽

Good Characteristic ◽

Treatment Comparison ◽

Soluble Solid ◽

Mustard Green

The aim of this research was to know effect the ratio of pineapple and mustard greens to the characteristic of jam, and determine the best ratio made by those, to produce a good characteristic of jam. This research used Complete Random Design with the treatment comparison of pineapple and mustard green comprised of 5 (five) treatments, such as 100% pineapple : 0% mustard greens, 95% pineapple : 5% mustard greens, 90% pineapple : 10% mustard greens, 85% pineapple : 15% mustard greens, 80% pineapple : 20% mustard greens. All of treatments were repeated for 3 times to obtain 15 research units. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and if an influences occurred among the treatments, the research would be continued to the Duncan’s test. Results of this research had showed that the comparison ratio of pineapple and mustard greens gave influences to the water content, total sugar, total calcium, total soluble solid, viscosity, pH balance, texture, color, flavour, taste and overall acceptance of a jam. The best ratio of pineapple and mustard greens showed of percentage 90% pineapple : 10% mustard greens with characteristics : 25,58% water content, 57,45% total sugar, 6.176 mg/100g calcium, 59,15%brix total soluble solids, viscosity 64580 cps, 4,65 pH, texture (very like), color (like), flavor (like), taste (very like) and overall acceptance (very like).

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The Dialectic of Pro-Poor Papaya

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195397772.013.33 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Mark Lynas ◽

Sarah Davidson Evanega

Keyword(s):

Public Sector ◽

Southeast Asia ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Genetically Engineered ◽

Small Scale ◽

Case Scenario ◽

Transgenic Papaya ◽

The Public ◽

Minor Crop ◽

A Minor

The development and rapid adoption of genetically engineered, virus-resistant papaya for Hawaii was an early, rare successful case of a small-scale horticultural crop improved for farmers of mostly modest means by the public sector. Demand was potentially great because the technology addressed a crop-destroying disease for which there were—and are—no alternative solutions. The developers of the technology promoted diffusion with a philanthropic spirit of public-sector universities and personal commitment. Success in Hawaii demonstrated that the technology could benefit papaya growers world-wide. To replicate that success, Thailand was among the first countries to work to adapt the technology. The greatest challenge facing those charged with introducing virus-resistant transgenic papaya into Thailand turned out not to be a technical but political one as Greenpeace targeted virus-resistant papaya as the likely first GE crop to be grown in the country and thus, a gateway for other GE crops. The subsequent anti-GE papaya campaigns foiled biotechnology in Thailand and throughout Southeast Asia, which is puzzling because many biotech crops being developed in that region have similar potential to benefit smallholder farmers, impact the environment positively, and address major nutritional challenges. Many are developed by the public sector. Had Thailand successfully promoted transgenic papaya despite opposition from Greenpeace, governments and scientific agencies across Southeast Asia might have been encouraged by the success story and continued to use the tools of biotechnology in their own agricultural sectors to confront rapidly mounting global agricultural challenges. That this best-case scenario for biotechnology—a pro-poor papaya developed in the public sector without multinational property claims—has not reached resource-poor farmers in the developing world almost twenty years after its release in Hawaii offers lessons larger than a minor crop. The case aids in understanding the reasons for the limited spread of biotechnology for small farmers globally and the dimensions of opposition and reasons for success of opposition to all transgenics technologies.

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Effect of mustard green manure and dried plant residue on chickpea wilt (Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.ciceris)

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection ◽

10.1080/03235408.2010.490390 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 44 (9) ◽

pp. 821-831 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Merkuz Abera ◽

Seid Ahmad ◽

Chemeda Fininsa ◽

Parshotam K. Sakhuja ◽

Getachew Alemayehu

Keyword(s):

Green Manure ◽

Plant Residue ◽

Chickpea Wilt ◽

Mustard Green

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Beliefs, Taboos and Minor Crop Value Chains

Food Culture & Society ◽

10.1080/15528014.2015.1043112 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 501-517 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Lora Forsythe ◽

Mala Nyamanda ◽

Agnes Mbachi Mwangwela ◽

Ben Bennett

Keyword(s):

Value Chains ◽

Minor Crop

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COVER CROP AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER RATE INFLUENCES ON YIELDS OF SEQUENTIALLY PLANTED VEGETABLES

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.570c ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 570c-570

Author(s):

Owusu A. Bandele ◽

Marion Javius ◽

Byron Belvitt ◽

Oscar Udoh

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Vicia Villosa ◽

Trifolium Incarnatum ◽

Crimson Clover ◽

Summer Squash ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate ◽

Mustard Green ◽

N Rates

Fall-planted cover crops of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum subsp. arvense L. Poir), and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) were each followed by spring-planted 'Sundance' summer squash [Cucurbita pepo var. melopepo (L.) Alef.] and 'Dasher' cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Squash and cucumber crops were followed by fall 'Florida Broadleaf mustard green [Brassica juncea (L.) Czerniak] and 'Vates' collard (Brassica oleracea L. Acephala group), respectively. The same vegetable sequences were also planted without benefit of cover crop. Three nitrogen (N) rates were applied to each vegetable crop. Squash following winter pea and crimson clover produced greater yields than did squash planted without preceding cover crop. Cucumber following crimson clover produced the greatest yields. No cover crop effect was noted with mustard or collard. Elimination of N fertilizer resulted in reduced yields for all crops, but yields of crops with one-half the recommended N applied were generally comparable to those receiving the full recommended rate.

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654 The Role of Plant Genetic Resources in Safeguarding Global Carrying Capacity

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.3.511a ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 511A-511

Author(s):

Peter Bretting

Keyword(s):

Genetic Resources ◽

Carrying Capacity ◽

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Basic Knowledge ◽

Timber Species ◽

Minor Crops ◽

Minor Crop ◽

Improvement Programs

Plants provide humans with food, fiber, feed, ornamentals, industrial products, medicine, shelter, and fuel. As vegetation, they maintain global environmental integrity and the carrying capacity for all life. From an anthropocentric perspective, plants serve as genetic resources (PGR) for sustaining the growing human population. Research on PGR can provide basic knowledge for crop improvement or environmental management that enables renewable, sustainable production of the preceding necessities. PGR also provide the raw material for increasing yield and end product's quality, while requiring fewer inputs (water, nutrients, agrichemicals, etc.). The staples of life—30 or so major grain, oilseed, fiber, and timber species—comprise the “thin green line” vital to human survival, either directly, or through trade and income generation. Many crop genebanks worldwide focus on conserving germplasm of these staples as a shield against genetic vulnerability that may endanger economies and humanity on an international scale. Fewer genebanks and crop improvement programs conserve and develop “minor crops,” so called because of their lesser economic value or restricted cultivation globally. Yet, these minor crops, many categorized as horticultural, may be key to human carrying capacity—especially in geographically or economically marginal zones. The USDA/ARS National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) contains a great number and diversity of minor crop germplasm. The NPGS, other genebanks, and minor crop breeding programs scattered throughout the world, help safeguard human global carrying capacity by providing the raw genetic material and genetic improvement infrastructure requisite for producing superior minor crops. The latter may represent the best hope for developing new varieties and crops, new crop rotations, and new renewable products that in the future may enhance producer profitability or even ensure producer and consumer survival.

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Uji Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Vermiwash dan Patogenisitas Pupuk Hayati VP3 Terhadap Enam Bibit Tanaman

Folium : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian ◽

10.33474/folium.v4i2.8658 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Miftahur Rohmah ◽

S Sunawan ◽

Novi Arfarita

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Plant Seeds ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Mustard Green ◽

Solid Form ◽

Plant Seedlings

Biofertilizer are formulas made from active ingredients of living organisms or latent (microbial), usually in liquid or solid form, have the ability to mobilize, facilitate and increase nutrient availability through biological processes that are not available into available forms. The aims of this research is to determine differences in growth after application of vermiwash and pathogenic effect of VP3 biofertilizer to six plant seeds: soybeans, long beans, chickpeas, kale, mustard greens, and spinach. This research was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory of Malang Islamic University from March to May 2020. This research uses a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and it was repeated 6 times. This research suggests that the treatment of VP3 biofertilizer gave better results compared to other treatments on the parameters of seed height and fresh weight of plant seedlings tested. However, the kale gave a real effect only on seed height parameters and the application of VP3 biofertilizer did not show any signs of pathogenicity such as necrosis, wilting, root rot or stem tot on the six seedlings tested. Keywords : VP3 Biofertilizers, vermiwash, soybeans, long beans, chickpeans, kale, mustard green, spinach

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