scholarly journals SHÌ (是) DALAM BAHASA CINA MODERN (现代汉语) DAN KLASIK (古代汉语)

Bambuti ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Yulie Neila Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
Classical Chinese ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Abstract. This article describes the use of the word 是(shi) in Modern Chinese Language (Mandarin/MCL) and Classical Chinese Language (CCL), and compares them so that can understand the similarities and differences of the word, both the structure (includes the class of words) and their meaning. This study describes the symptoms of language especially in syntactic and semantic, using comparative analysis methods. The results of analysis indicates that generally the word 是(shi) in MCL is verb, functions as a predicate, and becomes a connecting verb (copula) between the subject and its object, or connects nouns, pronouns, other phrases, and expresses many meanings. Conversely, the use of 是(shi) in CCL is very rare, and generally not as verbs or copula, but as pronouns and conjuctions. 

TRANSLATION OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL TERMINOLOGY OF CHINESE LANGUAGE AS A PROCESS OF NORMATIVE PRACTICE IN CONTEXT MODELS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-182
Author(s):  
Saodat Nosirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
Normative Practice ◽  
Context Models

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the socio -political terminology of the modern Chinese language.The purpose of the article is to search for an integrated approach to the study of the cognitive side of social and political terms of the Chinese language from the point of view of law enforcement in the process of translating official materials from Chinese into Uzbek and / or Russian and vice versa

National conceptual sphere as a criterion of literary translation authenticity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Aigul Yessentemirova ◽  
Kuralay Urazaeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Reliable Criterion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The paper is focused on the study of literary translation as a type of rhetorical communication. The subject being analysed is that national conceptual sphere can be a reliable criterion for the authenticity of translation. The topic of the research is that national conceptual sphere regarded as a means of illocutionary influence and a source of differences in rhetorical conscience of the author of the original text as well as the translator and the addressee. A comparative analysis of Russian and Kazakh translations of Robert Burns’ ballad “John Barleycorn” is carried out. The comparison is based on the structure of rhetorical communication, national conceptual sphere, prosody parameters and genre features. The similarities and differences of the translations are specified. The similarities are shown in referential, strophic and genre proximity of the original and translations.

scholarly journals Search in Criminal Procedure of Russia and Germany: Comparative Legal Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01159
Author(s):  
Anton Shamne
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The article compares the Criminal Procedural Codes provisions of the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany that regulate conducting a search as an investigative act. It also provides and compares the definitions of the concept “search” and “dwelling” given in Russian and German criminal procedural legislation. The reasons for conducting the search in general and the search of dwelling are considered, similarities and differences are revealed in relation to the status of the subject who is under the search. The author characterizes the search of dwelling and gives a comparative analysis of this investigative action as well as the notion of “urgent cases” in both countries. The authors also proposed some brief recommendations for improving the norms of the Russian Federation Criminal Procedure Code.

scholarly journals The Attributives Comparison between Chinese and Indonesian

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-224
Author(s):  
Arini Junaeny
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The word order comparative analysis is important research in linguistics studies. It is assisting the second language learners or teachers in learning process. The research mainly shows the word order in noun phrase. Noun phrase consists of head and attributives, the head is noun and the attributives consist of any type of the word or group of words. The attributives order and the head as a core in noun phrase, it can show similarities and differences structures between Chinese Language and Indonesian Language. This article shows relation between head and attributives order in noun phrase. The order of Chinese Language attributives is placed before the head. The order of Indonesian language attributives (except: number-classifier, negation, restriction word) is placed after the head.

scholarly journals APPRAISAL OF HUMAN ACTS DISCOURSE AMONG ASHĀ‘IRAH SCHOLARS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-363
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kamal Bin Amat Misra ◽  
Nurhanisah Binte Senin ◽  
Mohd Manawi Bin Mohd Akib ◽  
Abdull Rahman Mahmood ◽  
Jaffary Awang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Acts Of God

Purpose: This paper attempts to illuminate the different opinions of Ashā‘irah scholars namely, Al-Bāqillānī, Al-Juwaynī and Al-Ghazālī on the subject of human acts. The discourse of human acts emerges from the argument of God’s attributes qudrah and irādah. It was first discussed by Jabariyyah and Qadariyyah which was then eventually elevated by the Mu’tazilah in understanding human acts. Methodology: This study is a qualitative study in nature that employs document analysis method. The comparative analysis will be done in order to examine similarities and differences found in the discussion of the Ashā‘irah scholars. Main Findings: As a whole, the four scholars anticipated in different arguments. It can be summed that Al-Ash‘arī and Al-Ghazālī hold that human acts are still considered as acts of God considering all actions are created by Him. Meanwhile, Al-Bāqillānī and Al-Juwaynī maintained human acts to be free from God’s acts. Applications: The discussion of this study serves as an important mean in comprehending the discourse of the Ashā‘irah tradition on the concept of human acts. Novelty/Originality: This paper examines the arguments and proofs based on the Ashā‘irah scholars which will look into their respective writings on the discourse of human act.

scholarly journals Expanding the Meaning of the Term “Document” as a Possible Factor of Reconsideration of the Objects of Bibliometrics, Scientometrics, and Informetrics. 2. Old Definitions of the Objects of “Metrices” in the Context of the New Definition of the Term “Document”

2020 ◽  
pp. 226-242
Author(s):  
V. S. Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Material Object ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Broad Interpretation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scientific Fields

Introduction. In the first part of the article, an attempt was made to trace some of the evolution of the concept of a “document”, which is now understood as any material object that can be used to obtain the information necessary for a person. In the second part, assuming that such an interpretation of the concept of a “document” is fruitful for possible reconsideration of viewpoints on the objects of bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics, a number of definitions of the objects of these three “metrices” have been examined with a speculative “inlining” the new meaning of the term “document” to the definitions of objects.Materials and methods. Comparative analysis of the viewpoints of the objects of bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics that were expressed in some examples of definitions of these scientific fields; speculative “inlining” the new meaning of the term “document” in them; consideration the meanings of the objects of “metrices” altered as a result of the mentioned “inlining”.Results. It is shown how noticeably the understanding of the objects of bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics can be revised as the result of the use of the updated “broad” interpretation of the concept of a “document” and how much the interpretations of the objects of bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics can be even closer in their meanings than previously was recognized.Discussion and conclusion. Such a comparative analysis of the objects of the “metrices” might be helpful for identifying both similarities and differences among bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics. This is important, since the awareness of them is an obvious starting point for the mutual enrichment of “metrices” with knowledge and concepts. A more complete and detailed analysis of representations of the objects of the “metrices” in comparison with the updated “broad” interpretation of the concept of the “document”, as well as a comparison of the methodological components of “metrices” is the subject of further research.

Conceptual metonymies and metaphors behind the Five Phases

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-104
Author(s):  
Chun Lan ◽  
Dongmei Jia
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Semantic Networks ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Chinese Thought ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Ancient Chinese ◽  
Five Phases

This paper is based on an investigation of the Five Phases (五行, wuxing) in traditional Chinese thought within a cognitive linguistic framework. In analyzing three of the five concepts in the wuxing scheme, namely WOOD (木, mu), EARTH (土, tu) and METAL (金, jin), as recorded in ancient and modern Chinese, we attempt to find out (1) the conceptual metonymies and metaphors they have developed, (2) the similarities and differences between the three concepts in ancient and modern Chinese, and (3) the possible reasons for those similarities and differences and the implications they have for ancient and modern Chinese ways of cognizing the world. Our comparative analysis shows that while the semantic networks of the three concepts remain largely consistent from ancient to modern Chinese, those conceptual metaphors which are closely tied to the wuxing scheme are much less active in modern Chinese. On the whole it can be claimed that the ancient Chinese believed in the unity of Heaven and human and constructed the world based on three fundamental conceptual metaphors: “nature operates in accordance with WUXING”, “THE HUMAN BODY OPERATES IN ACCORDANCE WITH WUXING” and “SOCIETY OPERATES IN ACCORDANCE WITH WUXING”. Yet it seems that this belief in the unity of Heaven and human has weakened in the modern Chinese mind and modern Chinese people no longer rely on the wuxing scheme to understand the world.

Personal Safety and Security Culture – Similarities and Differences

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (39) ◽  
pp. 98-112
Author(s):  
Teresa Grabińska
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Security Culture ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Security Structure ◽  
Insight Into

There are briefly presented two trends in security sciences developed in the last 10 years: the issues of security culture and the issues of personal safety. Both approaches to security designate methods of threefold insight into the state of security and ways to improve it for an individual and a group. The subject of the discussion will be a comparative analysis of these two approaches to securitology. The research hypothesis is that the approach focused on personal safety emphasizes the importance of the cultural tradition of an individual or group, while the approach focused on the culture of security raises the importance of appropriate shaping of the security structure. This correspondence clearly refers to the determinants of personal safety. The discussed topic is very important for the development of theoretical securitology, especially in connection with the increasingly topical issues of the so-called multiculturalism in a globalizing world. Determinants of personal safety make it possible to study (also in an empirical way) of the individual and group feelings of security. In this way, the combination of the security culture and the presented concept of personal safety opens the way to the humanization of securitology.

Returning to the Subject: The Heritage of Reduta in Grotowski's Laboratory Theatre

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Osiński
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
Theatre Companies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences

In his book, Pamięć Reduty (Memories of Reduta), Zbigniew Osiński gives a historical account of the work and legacy of a theatre laboratory from the interwar period in Poland, one that Grotowski considered his company's predecessor. In the excerpts presented here, Osiński pursues a comparative analysis of similarities and differences between the two theatre companies and their respective leaders.

scholarly journals «CHOKING LOVE» OF NON-CLASSICS OR ANALYSIS OF THE REASONS FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCE INTO MYTHOLOGY

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Андрей Леонидович Сафонов ◽  
Яна Васильевна Бондарева
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Fundamental Science ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
The Subject

Цель данной работы состоит в определении механизмов формирования научного знания. Процедура и методы исследования: авторами был проведен анализ существующих концепций развития науки. В процессе исследований использовались методы сравнительного анализа. Результаты исследования: проведенный анализ показал, что процесс познания в неклассической науке зависит от взглядов субъекта познания, который не отделяется от объекта. Они создаются под влиянием как научного знания, так и представлений других форм сознания. Вследствие этого парадигмы неклассической науки формируются как на основе знаний классической науки, так и на основе мифологических, магических и т.п. представлений, которые вносятся в процесс познания через индивидуальные и коллективные взгляды субъекта исследования. Неклассическая наука стала новой мифологией. Теоретическая и практическая значимость: проведенное исследование позволило обосновать новую роль философии, которая заключается в создании оснований для формирования интерсубъектного знания в форме неоклассической науки. The aim of this work is to determine the mechanisms for the formation of scientific knowledge. The authors analyzed the existing concepts of the development of science. In the research process, comparative analysis methods were used. The analysis showed that the process of cognition in non-classical science depends on the view of the subject of knowledge which is not divided from the object. Their creation is influenced by both scholarly knowledge and vision of other forms of cognition. Due to this paradigm formation of non-classical sciences is based on knowledge of classical science, and mythological, magical vision which are introduced into the process of cognition by individual and collective views of the subject of research. Non-classical sciences have become new mythology. The study made it possible to justify the new role of philosophy, which consists in creating the foundations for the formation of intersubjective knowledge in the form of neoclassical science.

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