scholarly journals EFFECTS OF ALTITUDE ON SEEDS GERMINATION AND LUMINOSITY LEVELS ON THE VEGETATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Norma Barbado ◽  
Marcelo Bevilacqua Remor ◽  
Patrícia Pereira Gomes ◽  
Fernanda Rúbio ◽  
Rodrigo De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Root ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Schinus Terebinthifolius ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Four Levels

Schinus terebinthifolius is a pioneer species of the Atlantic Forest. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the germination process of S. terebinthifolius seeds collected in four sites with different altitudes (São Francisco do Sul/SC, 2.53 m; Foz do Iguaçu/PR, 176.67 m; Maringá/PR, 458.00 m; Guarapuava/PR, 1,048.70 m) and their initial development under four luminosity levels. For the germination test, we used the completely randomized experimental design with 12 repetitions with 50 seeds per treatment. The seedlings were subjected to the luminosity levels of 50, 60, 70, and 100%. A triple factorial scheme, with four levels in each factor (43), was used to evaluate the seed collection site, luminosity, and seedling’s development period. Principal components analysis was applied to the correlation matrix in the set of response variables emerging from the treatments. Seeds collected in São Francisco do Sul/SC presented higher vigor, and better germination speed index (GSI), development of the primary root and aerial part length. However, they also presented the worst result for the vegetative growth of seedlings subjected to a luminosity of 50%. Seeds collected in Maringá/PR presented a lower germination percentage and GSI. Still, they obtained the better results for vegetative development of seedlings subjected to a luminosity of 70%. This study confirmed that S. terebinthifolius seedlings, when exposed to luminosity higher than 60%, present better adaptation and development. Nonetheless, further studies about altitude and management are required to foster the recovery of degraded areas. 

GERMINATION, GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON MILKWEED

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRASANTA C. BHOWMIK
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Asclepias Syriaca ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Primary Root Length ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Germination percentage of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) seeds was low 1 mo after seed collection. Seed dormancy decreased with time at storage temperatures of −12°, 5° or 21 °C. After 11 months of storage, seeds stored at 21 °C had 15–18% higher germination compared to the seeds stored at −12° and 5 °C. The best seedling emergence was obtained at a temperature of 27 °C when seeds were planted at a depth of 0.5 or 1 cm. Seedling emergence was better in muck or sandy soil than in clay soil. Seedlings developed slowly up to 30 days after emergence at 15 °C under an 8-, 12- or 16-h photoperiod. High temperatures (27 °C) stimulated seedling growth under each photoperiod. Taller seedlings with more leaves, longer primary roots, more lateral roots and adventitious root buds grew at 27 °C as compared to 15° or 21 °C. Increasing the photoperiod from 8 to 16 h increased plant height and number of leaves but not primary root length.

scholarly journals Substrate but not seed size affects seed germination of Dypsis onilahensis (Jum. & H. Perrier) Beentje & J. Dransf

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4193
Author(s):  
Petterson Baptista da Luz ◽  
Thalita Neves Marostega ◽  
Bruno Nicchio ◽  
Leonarda Grillo Neves
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Substrate Types ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Dypsis onilahensis, commonly known as sibara palm, is a palm tree with enormous ornamental potential. Commercial propagation occurs through seeds, but few studies have evaluated the factors that affect the germination process of this species. Thus, we aimed at evaluating the effects of seed size and substrate on D. onilahensis germination. We used a completely randomized experimental design and a 2 x 3 factorial scheme with two seed sizes (> 15 mm and < 15 mm in diameter) and three substrate types (sand, Plantmax®, and vermiculite), with four replications of 15 seeds. We analyzed germination percentage (G%), number of germinated seeds (NGS), and germination speed index (GSI). Data underwent variance analysis, and means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. Germination began 73 days after sowing. Seed size had no effect on germination. Among substrates, vermiculite showed the best results for GSI, NGS, and G%, followed by sand and then by Plantmax®. Our study provides the first data on factors that affect the germination of this palm tree species.

scholarly journals Alelopatic Effects of Tectona grandis L.F. in the Germination and Initial Development of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Cunegundes da Silva ◽  
Emmanoella Costa Guaraná Araujo ◽  
Thiago Cardoso Silva ◽  
Adão Batista de Araújo ◽  
Tarcila Rosa da Silva Lins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Tectona Grandis L.F

This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of Tectona grandis L.F. in various concentrations produced from leaves and flowers. Seeds of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and germitest paper as substrate were used, the germitest paper was moistened with distilled water, and aqueous extract in concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0% (distilled water). The extracts were homogeneously deposited on twenty-five seeds evenly distributed in gerbox-type boxes. The materials used in the experiment were previously sterilized with alcohol (70%). A completely randomized experimental design with four replicates was used and the experiment was conducted under natural conditions of temperature and humidity. The tests were carried out in the laboratory, the experiment was watched for 10 days always at the same hour and the variables analyzed were Germination Percentage (%G), Speed of Germination Index (SGI), Mean germination time (MGT) and Mean speed of germination (MSG). The data were submitted to Analysis of Variance and compared by Tukey test considering 95% of probability. It was observed that there were no significant differences in leaf and flower extracts for the variables %G, MGT and MSG, however, in SGI aqueous leaf extract differed significantly at the highest concentrations (75% and 100%). It was concluded that aqueous extracts of leaves and flowers of T. grandis had no inhibitory potential in relation to the percentage and average germination time of lettuce seeds at any of the concentrations.

scholarly journals Efeito da salinidade na germinação e desenvolvimento inicial da mamona ‘BRS energia’

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Q. D. Brito ◽  
F. G. Souza ◽  
G. J. Dantas Junior ◽  
K. S. A. Brito
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Castor Seeds

<p>A mamoneira possui destacável importância no mundo, tem como principal produto derivado do seu óleo que pode ser utilizado como matéria prima para o biodiesel. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os níveis de tolerância das sementes de mamona ao estresse salino simulados por NaCl. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Laboratório de Irrigação e Salinidade na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande. Em cada tratamento foram utilizadas 100 sementes, dispostas em quatro repetições de 25 sementes. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado. Para a avaliação da germinação sob estresse salino utilizou-se soluções de NaCl com as seguintes condutividade elétrica: 0,4; 1,2; 2,2; 3,2 e 4,2dSm<sup>-1</sup>. Realizou-se avaliações de porcentagem de germinação, tempo médio de germinação, velocidade média de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação e aos 15 dias realizaram o comprimento da raiz primaria, da parte aérea, e pesou a massa seca e fresca das plântulas. As sementes de mamoneira BRS Energia apresentaram tolerância às águas com níveis de salinidade de até 4,2 dS m<sup>-1</sup> em relação ao índice de velocidade de germinação, tempo médio de germinação, velocidade média de germinação e porcentagem de germinação e o aumento da salinidade afetou o comprimento da parte aérea e da zona radicular.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Effect of salinity on germination and initial development of castor bean ‘BRS energia’</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abrstact:</strong> The castor bean (<em>Ricinus communis L.)</em> is an oilseed that has detachable importance in Brazil and worldwide, its main product derived from its oil that can be used as raw material for biodiesel, therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerance levels of castor seeds to salt stress simulated by NaCl. In each treatment, 100 seeds, in four replicates of 25 seeds. For the evaluation of germination under salt stress was used NaCl solutions with the following electric conductivity: 0.4dSm-1 1.2dSm-1, 2.2dSm-1, 3.2dSm-1 and 4.2dSm-1. Was evaluated germination percentage, average time of germination, average speed of germination, GRI and 15 days held the length of the primary root, of shoots, and weighed dry and fresh weight of seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized. The seeds of castor bean BRS Energia showed tolerance to water with salinity levels up to 4.2dSm-1 in relation to the germination speed index, average time of germination, average speed of germination and germination percentage and the high salinity affected the length of shoot and root zone.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Substrate but not seed size affects seed germination of Dypsis onilahensis (Jum. & H. Perrier) Beentje & J. Dransf

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4193
Author(s):  
Petterson Baptista da Luz ◽  
Thalita Neves Marostega ◽  
Bruno Nicchio ◽  
Leonarda Grillo Neves
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Substrate Types ◽  
Germinated Seeds

<p>Dypsis onilahensis, commonly known as sibara palm, is a palm tree with enormous ornamental potential. Commercial propagation occurs through seeds, but few studies have evaluated the factors that affect the germination process of this species. Thus, we aimed at evaluating the effects of seed size and substrate on D. onilahensis germination. We used a completely randomized experimental design and a 2 x 3 factorial scheme with two seed sizes (&gt; 15 mm and &lt; 15 mm in diameter) and three substrate types (sand, Plantmax®, and vermiculite), with four replications of 15 seeds. We analyzed germination percentage (G%), number of germinated seeds (NGS), and germination speed index (GSI). Data underwent variance analysis, and means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. Germination began 73 days after sowing. Seed size had no effect on germination. Among substrates, vermiculite showed the best results for GSI, NGS, and G%, followed by sand and then by Plantmax®. Our study provides the first data on factors that affect the germination of this palm tree species. </p>

scholarly journals ATIVIDADES ANTIOXIDANTE E ALELOPÁTICA DE EXTRATOS FOLIARES OBTIDOS DE EUGENIA DYSENTERICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Pozzi Malheiros ◽  
Ana Maria Mapeli ◽  
Luciana Lucas Machado
Keyword(s):  
Primary Root ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Eugenia Dysenterica

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and allelopathic potential of ethanolic and hydroalcoholic 70:30 and 50:50 (ethanol: water) extracts from the leaves of Eugenia dysenterica. The antioxidant activity of the extracts were evaluated by applying the free radical scavenging method using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). The allelopathic bioassays were carried out in laboratory, considering germination percentage, Index of Germination Speed (IVG), radicle / primary root length and hypocotyl / coleoptile length of lettuce and corn seeds. All parameters underwent variance analysis, and the mean values were compared by means of Scott-Knott test (p less then 5%). In relation to the antioxidant potential all extracts showed activity, with inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 0.73; 1.68 e 1.83mg/mL for the ethanolic, hydroalcoholic 70:30 e hydroalcoholic 50:50, respectively. Regarding allelopathic activity, all extracts reduced the IVG of lettuce and inhibit the radicle / primary root growth and hypocotyl / coleoptile of target species. Therefore, the extracts tested of E. dysenterica showed antioxidant potential and allelopathic inhibitory effect on the initial development of lettuce and corn

scholarly journals Growing of coffee seedlings on different substrates and fertilized with lithothamium

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 8177-8182
Author(s):  
Walter Danilo Maradiaga Rodriguez ◽  
Adão Wagner Pego Evangelista ◽  
Jose Alves Junior ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Honorato
Keyword(s):  
Filter Cake ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels

The coffee seedling production quality is essential to ensure crop development in field. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two substrates (cattle manure and filter cake) interacting with four levels of organic fertilizer with lithothanmium in coffee seedlings var. Lempira production. A completely randomized experimental design was used with factorial arrangement of treatments 5 x 2, five levels of lithothamnium (0, 1.75, 3.50, 5.25, and 7 kg m-3 of substrate), two substrates (cattle manure and filter cake) and three replicates. The variables evaluated were: plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and root length. The treatments produced significant effects on the initial development parameters of the coffee seedlings. The best results in plants grown were obtained in cattle manure substrate with 5.25 kg m-3 of lithothamnium, and decreased with levels higher than 1.75 kg m-3 of lithothanmium in filter cake substrate.

scholarly journals Spondias mombin and Theobroma grandiflorum in agroforestry system: productivity implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Moysés Alves ◽  
Abel Jamir Ribeiro Bastos ◽  
Saulo Fabrício da Silva Chaves ◽  
José Raimundo Quadros Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Theobroma Grandiflorum ◽  
Four Levels

Abstract In agroforestry systems, little is known about the influence of the dominant species on that located in the lower layer of the canopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate if S. mombin plants, when in consortium with T. grandiflorum, caused some type of depression in the performance of T. grandiflorum and also to identify the most favorable S. mombin clones for this interaction. The experiment started on February 2005. During 11 years, four levels of influence of S. mombin on T. grandiflorum caused by the proximity between species were evaluated. As response variables, the vegetative development of S. mombin and T. grandiflorum was measured; the production of eight vintages T. grandiflorum trees was computed, and the mortality rate of plants was recorded. The results showed that the competition exerted by S. mombin moderately affected the initial development of plants, as well as the production of fruits in the last harvests, and the survival rate. The most favorable S. mombin clones to be used in agroforestry systems with T. grandiflorum trees were identified. According to results presented here, it was possible to conclude that S. mombin can be indicated as a species to compose AFS with T. grandiflorum.

scholarly journals BIOSTIMULANT EFFECT OF SEAWEED EXTRACTS APPLIED ON BEANS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Levi Pompermayer Machado ◽  
Nair Hildelgard Soares dos Santos ◽  
Kathiani Victor Bastos ◽  
Dulcileia Marchesi Costa4
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Transparent Plastic ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Sargassum Vulgare

The present study evaluated the biostimulating effect on seed germination and initial vegetative development of Phaseolus vulgaris L. bean seedlings in response to the application of the aqueous extract of Osmundaria obtusiloba (C. Agardh) RE Norris (Rhodophyta) and Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh Ochrophyta), relating the activity with the contents of proteins and carbohydrates of extracts. Seaweed dried biomass of macroalgae were extracted at the concentration of 500 g L-1 in distilled water, this concentration was considered 100%. After was prepared in dilutions of 25%, 50%, and 0% (negative control) for each species. The experiment was conducted with 140 bean seeds in transparent plastic boxes kept in incubators under a12 hour photoperiod at the temperature of 25°C for 15 days. During this time, the germination percentage, germination speed and vigor of the seedlings (shoot length x radicle length) were assessed, as well as the sugar and total protein content of each seaweed extract. The results indicated that the development of seedling aerial biomass was 1.8 times higher with the extract at 25% concentration of O. obtusiloba than with the negative control. There were no changes in the germination parameters. Therefore, the O. obtusiloba extract showed a more positive effect on initial development than that of S. vulgare. The O. obtusiloba extract contained 160 mg L-1 while that of S. vulgare contained 80 mg L-1 total soluble proteins, indicating that protein content might be indicative of seaweed potential for application in agriculture.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF Sorghum bicolor AND Digitaria insularis ON GERMINATION AND INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CANOLA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Thiago Souza Campos ◽  
Ane Gabriele Vaz Sousa ◽  
Jaime Santos do Rego Junior ◽  
Westefann Dos Santos Sousa ◽  
Cleiton Gredson Sabin Benett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Agriculture depends on biotic and abiotic factors, and one of them is allelopathy, defined as the chemical interference that one plant has on others, which can negatively affect germination. The objective of this work is to evaluate the allelopathic effects of Sorghum bicolor and Digitaria insularis on seed germination and initial development of canola seedlings (Brassica napus L.). A completely randomized design was used in a 2x5 factorial scheme (two extracts: D. insularis and S. bicolor) and five concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%), with four replicates of fifty seeds, the plot being constituted by a 'gerbox' box containing 50 seeds evenly distributed. The variable analyzed were germination percentage (G), abnormal seedlings (AS), dead seeds (DS), length of the shoot (SL) and primary root (RL), total length (TL) of the seedling, shoot ratio (S/T), and root ratio (R/T). The aqueous extracts of D. insularis interfere in all variables studied, which compromises the formation of normal seedlings, regardless of concentration. The extract of S. bicolor expressed allelopathic effects only in concentrations above 75%. Both species can inhibit the initial development of canola plants.

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