Association between Grain Size, Shape and Thousand Kernel Weight in Pakistani Wheat Landraces

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Sumaira Salah-ud-din ◽  
Alvina Gul ◽  
Rabia Amir ◽  
Muhammad Jamil ◽  
Hadi Alipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
High Throughput Method ◽  
Wheat Landraces

Wheat (Triticum aestivum. L) grain size is considered to be one of the main criteria of yield constituents by wheat breeders. In order to detect phenotypic diversity and relationship between thousand kernel weight, a collection of 204 landraces from different parts of Pakistan was planted across two years (2012-2014). High throughput method based on seed imaging was used to measure the kernel size and shape. The correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlation between thousand kernel weight (TKW) with perimeter of vertical (PV), thickness (T), area of vertical (AV), area of horizontal (AH), perimeter of horizontal (PH), width (W) and Length (L). Bioplot showed that accessions with high seed shape parameters have higher TKW. By taking TKW as a dependent variable multiple regression analysis was performed. Regression summary indicated that 31% of the variations in TKW are explained by the independent variables. It was shown that grain thickness, length and width are most important for predicting TKW. Based on image analysis this study provides useful information about the relationship between TKW, kernel size and shape in Pakistani wheat landraces that may help to improve grain weight in a breeding program.

scholarly journals Agronomic, physiological and molecular characterization of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions for drought tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Muhammad Qadir Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Farooq Naseer ◽  
Abdul Qayyum ◽  
Sami Ul-Allah ◽  
Waqas Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Genetic Association ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents

A comprehensive study was conducted to investigate (i) the effect of drought stress on genetic association among various yield traits and (ii) molecular and phenotypic diversity in the selected spring wheat accessions. A panel of 24 spring wheat accessions was evaluated under normal irrigation and drought stress. Data were collected for chlorophyll contents, canopy temperature, days to heading, grain filling period, relative water content, plant height, peduncle length, number of kernels per spike, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield. Analysis of variance depicted significant differences for genotypes (G), effect of treatment (T) and interaction between T and G. Correlation analysis revealed that genetic association among various traits was stronger in normal treatment than water stressed. The Biplot analysis grouped the genotypes into tolerant and susceptible groups. Molecular characterization of tolerant and susceptible genotypes was done with 14 ISSR markers. ISSR primers revealed a mean of 0.63 genetic similarities among genotypes. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values varied from 0.24 to 0.49. The genetic diversity in selected germplasm can be used to develop drought tolerant lines considering the changing pattern of traits association under drought stress.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Diversity of Nepalese Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) Accessions at IAAS, Rampur, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswash Raj Bastola ◽  
M.P. Pandey ◽  
B.R. Ojha ◽  
S.K. Ghimire ◽  
K. Baral
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Finger Length ◽  
Grain Color ◽  
Finger Width

An experiment was conducted at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rampur, Nepal during July 2011 to September 2011 with an objectine to determine phenotypic variability of Nepalese finger millet landraces using descriptive statistics, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. F- Value of REML procedure of mixed model analysis revealed that highly significant variation was observed in all studied 17 traits. Grain yield per plant was positive and highly significant correlated with grain yield per ear (0.769**) followed by plant height (0.529**), productive tillers number (0.473**), days to maturity (0.471**), days to heading (0.460**), days to flowering (0.457**), straw yield per plant (0.348**), finger number per ear (0.320**), thousand kernel weight (0.281**), flag leaf sheath width (0.230**) and finger length (0.211**). The ear shape (H’= 3.42) followed by grain color (H’= 3.35) showed high genetic diversity after estimated by using Shannon- Weaver index. 46% open type ear shape, 40% light brown grain color, 66% non-pigmentation, 70% absence of inflorescence branch and 54% absence of finger branch were found dominant to other on studied accessions. The distribution pattern was observed by using Ward’s minimumvariance method into five clusters. The number of accessions in a cluster was ranged from 18 in cluster IV to 1 in cluster V. The cluster V (accession no. 10996) and III (accessions no. 431 and 11024) showed early phenological traits, lowest in finger length, finger width, finger number per ear, thousand kernel weight, grain yield per ear and grain yield per plant. The cluster II and IV showed late maturity type, long finger length and width, high in finger number per ear, grain yield per ear, grain yield per plant and plant height. The first five principal components accounted for 74.9% of total variance among 50 accessions. Most of variation was contributed from phenological characters, plant height, grain yield per ear, finger length, finger width, finger number per ear and productive tillers number. These traits were positively correlated with grain yield and can be used in selection for breeding programs.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(2): 285-290 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i2.12413 

scholarly journals Inter-Relationships between Test Weight, Thousand Kernel Weight, Kernel Size Distribution and Their Effects on Durum Wheat Milling, Semolina Composition and Pasta Processing Quality

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1308
Author(s):  
Kun Wang ◽  
Bin Xiao Fu
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Milling Quality ◽  
Rapid Prediction ◽  
The Difference

Although most of the durum wheat produced in the Canadian prairies in 2017 and 2018 met the test weight (TW) requirements for the top grades of Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD), some samples of top grades were inferior in milling quality. To understand the abnormality, this study was conducted to investigate TW, thousand kernel weight (TKW) and kernel size distribution (KSD) in relation to durum milling potential, semolina composition and pasta quality. With reduction of kernel size, semolina and total milling yields decreased progressively, and kernels passing through no.6 slotted sieve had detrimental impact on milling. The overall relationship between TW and milling yields appeared to be genotype dependent. At similar TW, variety showed lower milling yields had greater proportion of smaller kernels. By account for the difference in KSD, greater relationships (R2 > 0.91, p < 0.001) were found for TKW and proportion of kernels passing No.6 slotted sieve with milling yields than TW (R2 = 0.75, p < 0.001). This infers potential use of small kernels (passing No.6 slotted sieve) as a new objective grading factor for rapid prediction of milling quality of CWAD. Although small kernels exhibited much higher yellow pigment than the larger ones, pasta made from small kernels was duller, redder and less yellow, likely due to the higher semolina ash and protein contents, which adversely affected pasta color.

scholarly journals Molecular mapping of the grain iron and zinc concentration, protein content and thousand kernel weight in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e0174972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopalareddy Krishnappa ◽  
Anju Mahendru Singh ◽  
Swati Chaudhary ◽  
Arvind Kumar Ahlawat ◽  
Santosh Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Iron And Zinc

scholarly journals THE PROMOTER REGION POLYMORPHISM OF THE TASAP-A1 GENE IN THE COLLECTION OF WINTER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) VARIETIES AND LINES AND ITS INFLUENCE ON AGRONOMIC TRAITS

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-334
Author(s):  
E. A. Fomina ◽  
S. V. Malyshev ◽  
S. N. Kulinkovich ◽  
O. Yu. Urbanovich
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Positive Effect

During the study of the promoter region of the TaSAP-Al gene on the allelic composition of Sap5, Sap39 and Sap2606 loci, it was shown that winter wheat varieties and lines from the collection used in the selection process in the Republic of Belarus in 2014 refer to 4 haplotypes and most of the tested samples (45.6 %) belongs to the haplotype II. It was found that the haplotype IV contributes to an increase in thousand-kernel weight and yield by 5.2 and 9.2 %, and haplotype I – an increase in spike length and total number of spikelets per spike by 4.4 and 2.2 % compared with the average values of these indicators. It was also found that the presence of deletion at position –1810 bp has a positive effect on spike length, total number of spikelets per spike and yield, the presence of insertion at position –1637 bp – spike length, and the presence of deletion in this position – on yield. The positive effect of SNP-2606C at position –2606 bp on thousand-kernel weight, spike length and yield was shown.

A haplotype block associated with thousand‐kernel weight on chromosome 5DS in common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 662-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuquan Wang ◽  
Chenyang Hao ◽  
Jun Zheng ◽  
Hongmei Ge ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Haplotype Block ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight

Polymorphism of oat kernel size and shape in several Canadian oat cultivars

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Pietrzak ◽  
R. G. Fulcher
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Oat Cultivars

This study used digital image analysis to quantify variation of morphological characteristics of oat kernels. Ten Canadian oat varieties grown in 1984 and 1985 at five and four locations, respectively, were examined. Statistically significant differences in polymorphism among varieties collected from the same location were observed. It appeared that the genetic diversity of all analyzed varieties is quite high, and results from a broad range of kernel sizes are evenly distributed within population. The environment has little effect on the polymorphism of seed shape. The same varieties grown in different locations appeared to have almost the same diversity index, and the aspect ratio (AR) depends primarily on the genetic structure of the population. However, the diversity index of AR for each variety calculated over all locations appeared to be almost the same. Key words: Oat, Avena sativa, digital image analysis, size and shape

scholarly journals Nutrition reaction of different varieties of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) bred in Karcag

2016 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Ágnes Czimbalmos ◽  
Lilla Szűcs ◽  
József Zsembeli
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Kernel Weights ◽  
Proper Variety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Yield

In our study the nutrition reaction of four varieties of winter wheat (KG Bendegúz, KG Kunhalom, KG Kunkapitány, KG Széphalom) has been investigated. In the experiment the effect of twenty different nutrition doses on the yield and thousand kernel weight of the wheat varieties has been studied. Significant difference could be figured out among the yield and thousand kernel weight of the wheat varieties, so the choice of the proper variety determines the quantity of yield. KG Kunkapitány had the highest yield, while KG Széphalom had the highest thousand kernel weight in the experiments. Investigating the effect of the nutrients on the yield the conclusion was that all nitrogen doses had significant yield increasing effect compared to the untreated plots, but among the 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1 doses there was no statistical difference. In the case of phosphorus the 40 kg ha-1 dose showed statistically verifiable increase of the yield, while potassium doses have no influence on the yields. The thousand kernel weights reached the maximum values where the highest nutrient doses were applied.

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