scholarly journals Relationship between Duration of Fluoride Exposure in School-Based Fluoride Mouthrinsing and Effects on Prevention and Control of Dental Caries

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Komiyama ◽  
Kazunari Kimoto ◽  
Hirohisa Arakawa
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Subjects ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control

The objective of this paper was to assess the effects of school-based fluoride mouthrinsing (S-FMR: weekly using 0.2% NaF solution) in two groups of school children with different periods of exposure to S-FMR in elementary school. Subjects were the S-FMR group consisted of 599 children, participated for six years. The control group consisted of 282 children, participated for less than one year in the sixth year of elementary school. From the results of the present survey, the caries reduction rate of S-FMR in the permanent teeth was 36.6% for DMFT and 42.8% for DMFS, and person rates with DMF, DMFT, DMFS, and CO (questionable caries under observation) were inhibited in both boys and girls. Girls in the control group showed clearly higher values for all parameters of dental caries because of earlier teeth eruption; however, no gender differences were observed in the S-FMR group. As caries prevalence in the first molars accounted for about 85% regardless of participation to S-FMR, and first molar caries were more common in the mandible than in the maxilla, consideration should be given to preventive measures against pit-and-fissure-caries in addition to S-FMR.

Comparison of Dental Caries Prevalence in Patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate and Their Sibling Controls

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Al-Dajani
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of dental caries in patients with cleft lip and/or palate and their cleft-free sibling controls. Methods: The two subject groups (patient and control) comprised 106 participants. The former group consisted of 53 patients with cleft lip and/or palate, aged 12 to 29 years, who visited the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hospital at Damascus University of Syria. The control group consisted of the patients’ siblings who had no clefts, and they were sex matched to the patient group. Dental caries were examined clinically and were reported using the decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) index. The DMFT scores were compared between the two groups. Results: The author found an overall association of dental caries with the presence of cleft lip and/or palate (odds ratio  =  2.52; 95% confidence interval  =  1.389–4.574; p < .05). The DMFT index scores were proportionally higher in patients with cleft lip and/or palate compared with the control group (p < .001). Conclusion: Subjects with cleft lip and palate are susceptible to dental caries independently of socioeconomic status.

Oral Health Education Program on Dental Caries Incidence for School Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Jaime ◽  
TS Carvalho ◽  
GC Bonini ◽  
JCP Imparato ◽  
FM Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Education Program ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
School Based ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: This 3-year retrospective controlled clinical trial assessed the effect of a school-based oral health education program on caries incidence in children. Study design: A total of 240 students, aged 5 to 7 years, from two public schools in Monte Sião, Brazil, were included in this study. A school-based oral health education program was developed in one of the schools (experimental group), including 120 students, while the 120 students from the other school did not participate in the program (control group). All children were initially examined for dental caries (dmf-t), and after 3 years, 98 children from the experimental group and 96 from the control group were again examined and answered a questionnaire on oral health issues. The between-groups difference in caries incidence on permanent teeth was calculated using Poisson regression analyses. Logistic regression was used to observe the association between caries incidence and other variables. Results: More students from the experimental group stated knowing what was dental caries and declared that they use dental floss daily, but no significant differences in caries incidence was observed between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: The school-based oral health education program is not adequately efficient to decrease caries incidence after three years, but some issues about oral health knowledge could be slightly improved.

Oral Health Status in Autism Patients Children in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Raghad R. Al-Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: The autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been introduced as one of the complicated developmental disabilities impairing communication and behavioral, intellectual as well as social functioning describes diverse symptoms, such as difficulties in communication skills and social interactions. The present research has been performed to assess seriousness of the dental caries in conjunction with the oral cleanliness amongst children suffering from autism in comparison with a control group according to age groups and gender. Materials and Methods: This research involved 30 children aged 3-14 years (male, female) who suffered from autism and attended autism centers in Welfare Children Teaching Hospital in Baghdad province, Iraq, were selected for the study compared to 30 healthy children with the same age group. Plaque (PlI), Decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs, DMFS), calculus (CI) as well as Gingival (GI) indices have been applied for measuring the status of oral health for these two groups. The data of our research has been analyzed by SPSS 26. Results: The entire autism group was caries active. For primary dentition, a lower dmfs values were recorded for study in comparison with the controls, differences have been not significant in dmfs, while for permanent dentition, a higher DMFS values were recorded for study in comparison with the control group with statistically significant concerning DMFS (P < 0.05). Moreover, caries experience (DS and DMFS) among both genders were higher in the study group in comparison with the controls with a significant difference in female only. Total mean value of PlI in the study group has been greater than the controls with no statistically significant difference. In addition, total mean value of GI in the study group has been lower than the controls with no statistically significant difference. Furthermore, correlation coefficient between the caries experience of primary and permanent teeth with PlI and GI among study and control group showed no significant correlations seen in the study and control groups, all of them were positively correlated except (ds) with (GI) in control group which was negatively correlated with no significant correlation. Conclusion: children with ASD had higher dental caries severity regarding permanent teeth compared to normal subjects, plaque higher in autistic group than control group. Dental care planners must design preventing strategies for avoiding caries; procedures for oral care as well as educational programs for oral care and promotion for addressing diverse challenges facing the oral care in ASD.

scholarly journals Postural education program for elementary school: a one-year follow-up study

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Luis Ritter ◽  
Jorge Luiz de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe objective of this study was to verify the short- and long-term effectiveness of the Elementary School Postural Program in the performance, generalization, and perception of daily school activities. The final sample consisted of 61 subjects divided into experimental (14 years ±0.93; ♀=22; ♂=10) and control group (15.38 years ±0.97; ♀=16; ♂=13), all participants attended a Brazilian public school in Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul. The postural program included 20 sessions over a 10-week period. In each session, participants discussed and practiced routine actions that typically occurred at schools. Eight other meetings were required for the completion of the pre- and post-tests. The experimental group performed significantly better than the control group in the short-term evaluations, although there were no significant statistical differences in the long-term follow-up evaluations. The children demonstrated a good behavioral response to the postural program; nevertheless, the knowledge had not been completely mastered after a year.

scholarly journals The role of dental education of 7–8 year’s children in the complex of preventive measures

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
O. V. Lekomtseva ◽  
S. Y. Kosyuga ◽  
Y. Lecheb
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Dental Education ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Group A

The article is devoted to the study of the intensity, prevalence of dental caries and oral hygiene indices among younger schoolchildren, against the background of a complex of preventive measures and dental education, which was carried out on an individual and group level in the conditions of a school dental office, and health lessons in classes. The dental study involved 106 primary schoolchildren, including 54 boys (51%) and 52 girls (49%) aged 7–8 years, who were examined on the basis of the dental office of the school №176 of Nizhny Novgorod. The children were divided into 2 groups: 1 – prevention group and 2 – control group. In 1 group of children every three months during the year we carried out professional oral hygiene, then treatment of all teeth with a deep fluoridation and training in the standard method of brushing teeth on models in a dental office. In addition, for children of group 1, we organized health lessons with training in the standard method of brushing teeth in the classroom, the use of additional hygiene products for the oral cavity in children of this age and the demonstration of a cartoon about dental caries. In the control group a set of preventive measures was also carried out in the form of professional oral hygiene and application of all teeth with the drug Gluftored, training in the standard method of brushing teeth on models every three months during the year, but dental education in the form of health lessons in the classroom was not. According to the clinical examination of 7–8 year’s children, it was revealed that during regular preventive measures and dental education among younger schoolchildren, the development of caries for permanent teeth is not observed, oral hygiene is improved, and dental health is rising.

School-based obesity interventions in the metropolitan area of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil: pooled analysis from five randomised studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Renata da R. M. Rodrigues ◽  
Bruna K. Hassan ◽  
Michele R. Sgambato ◽  
Bárbara da S. N. Souza ◽  
Diana B. Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
School Year ◽  
School Based ◽  
Obesity Interventions ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

Abstract School-based studies, despite the large number of studies conducted, have reported inconclusive results on obesity prevention. The sample size is a major constraint in such studies by requiring large samples. This pooled analysis overcomes this problem by analysing 5926 students (mean age 11·5 years) from five randomised school-based interventions. These studies focused on encouraging students to change their drinking and eating habits, and physical activities over the one school year, with monthly 1-h sessions in the classroom; culinary class aimed at developing cooking skills to increase healthy eating and attempts to family engagement. Pooled intention-to-treat analysis using linear mixed models accounted for school clusters. Control and intervention groups were balanced at baseline. The overall result was a non-significant change in BMI after one school year of positive changes in behaviours associated with obesity. Estimated mean BMI changed from 19·02 to 19·22 kg/m2 in the control group and from 19·08 to 19·32 kg/m2 in the intervention group (P value of change over time = 0·09). Subgroup analyses among those overweight or with obesity at baseline also did not show differences between intervention and control groups. The percentage of fat measured by bioimpedance indicated a small reduction in the control compared with intervention (P = 0·05). This large pooled analysis showed no effect on obesity measures, although promising results were observed about modifying behaviours associated with obesity.

scholarly journals Schisto and Ladders version 2: a health educational board game to support compliance with school-based mass drug administration with praziquantel – a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Uchechukwu Ejike ◽  
Akinola Stephen Oluwole ◽  
Olaitan Olamide Omitola ◽  
Adedotun Ayodeji Bayegun ◽  
Islamiat Yetunde Shoneye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
School Based ◽  
Praziquantel Treatment ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background We redesigned the Schisto and Ladders health educational board game and evaluated its potential to encourage compliance to school-based mass drug administration with praziquantel. Methods Two hundred and seventy-five children from six schools who rejected praziquantel treatment were divided into intervention and control groups. Before the intervention, preassessment interviews were conducted on their knowledge about praziquantel treatment and schistosomiasis. The Schisto and Ladders version 2 game as an intervention, and the Snakes and Ladders game as a control, were played for 6 mo. Postassessment interviews, including focus group discussions, were conducted. Results At preassessment, 0/98 (0.0%) children in the intervention group had heard of praziquantel compared with 2/177 (1.1%) in the control group. Similarly, 0/98 (0.0%) children in the intervention group did not know that praziquantel does not kill compared with 4/177 (2.3%) in the control group. The postassessment showed that 53/78 (67.9%) in the intervention group were aware of praziquantel compared with 2/177 (1.1%) in the control group (p=0.000). Similarly, 53 (69.7%) in the intervention group knew about the safety of praziquantel compared with 0/177 (0.0%) in the control group (p=0.000). Sixty-four children (65.3%) from the intervention group sought praziquantel treatment after the trial. Conclusions Schisto and Ladders version 2 is a useful sensitisation tool with which to encourage compliance to praziquantel treatment in schools.

scholarly journals Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults at Primary Care Visits: the VITAL-AF Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Lubitz ◽  
Steven J. Atlas ◽  
Jeffrey M. Ashburner ◽  
Ana Lipsanopoulos ◽  
Leila Borowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control

Background: Undiagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) may cause preventable strokes. Guidelines differ regarding AF screening recommendations. We tested whether point-of-care screening with a handheld single lead electrocardiogram (ECG) at primary care practice visits increases diagnoses of AF. Methods: We randomized 16 primary care clinics 1:1 to AF screening using a handheld single-lead ECG (AliveCor KardiaMobile) during vital sign assessments, or usual care. Patients included were aged ≥ 65 years. Screening results were provided to primary care clinicians at the encounter. All confirmatory diagnostic testing and treatment decisions were made by the primary care clinician. New AF diagnoses over one-year follow-up were ascertained electronically and manually adjudicated. Proportions and incidence rates were calculated. Effect heterogeneity was assessed. Results: Of 30,715 patients without prevalent AF (n=15,393 screening [91% screened], n=15,322 control), 1.72% of individuals in the screening group had new AF diagnosed at one year versus 1.59% in the control group (risk difference [RD] 0.13%, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.16,0.42, P=0.38). New AF diagnoses in the screening and control groups differed by age with the greatest effect observed for those aged ≥ 85 years (5.56% versus 3.76%, respectively, RD 1.80%, 95% CI 0.18,3.30). The difference in newly diagnosed AF between the screening period and the prior year was marginally greater in the screening versus control group (0.32% versus -0.12%, RD 0.43%, 95% CI -0.01,0.84). The proportion of individuals with newly diagnosed AF who were initiated on oral anticoagulants was similar in the screening (n=194, 73.5%) and control (n=172, 70.8%) arms (RD 2.7%, 95% CI -5.5,10.4). Conclusions: Screening for AF using a single-lead ECG at primary care visits was not associated with a significant increase in new AF diagnoses among individuals aged 65 years or older compared to usual care. However, screening may be associated with an increased likelihood of diagnosing AF among individuals aged 85 years or older and warrants further evaluation.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Laser Doppler Flowmetry, as a Diagnostic Tool in Assessing Pulp Vitality of Traumatised Teeth. A Split Mouth Clinical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Ani Belcheva ◽  
Maria Shindova ◽  
Reem Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Pulp Vitality ◽  
And Control

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in determining the changes in the pulpal blood flow (PBF) during post-traumatic period of the traumatised permanent teeth. Methods: 88 teeth of 44 patients (mean age 10.30 ± 2.38) were recruited according to the eligibility criteria and divided into two groups: test group (44 traumatised teeth) and control group (44 sound and healthy teeth). The measurement of PBF was performed, using a LDF monitor. Results: The analysis of the LDF outcomes in function of diagnosis indicated that the measurements of the traumatised teeth were significantly higher than those of non-traumatised teeth (p ˂ 0.05). Conclusions: LDF application provides dentists with fundamental benefits in terms of an early and precise investigation of PBF. In addition, LDF is a useful monitoring tool for revascularization of traumatised teeth and reliable objective diagnostic indicator of pulp vitality. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (Registration number: NCT04967456).

scholarly journals THE VIEW ON THE DENTAL MORBIDITY INDICATORS OF THE CHILDREN UKRAINIAN NOGAI POPULATION AT THE XV CENTURY DEALS WITH THE NEW STUDYING METHODS USED FOR ANTHROPOLOGICAL MATERIAL FROM THE MAMAY GORA BURIAL GROUND

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
А.G. Toshchev ◽  
L.F. Kaskova ◽  
А.V. Аrtemev
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Material ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Dental Pathology ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Middle Ages

The subject matter was the children dental status having involved in study anthropological bone material different historical eras. The 133 remains skeletons of children were examined. The control and main groups consisted with the skeletons of children who had lived in the Nogai and Golden Horde periods, respectively, which in turn the last included children skeletons of earlier historical times. The author’s method was used in our scientific research. The ancient people skeletons were examined in historical and medical anthropology laboratory of the municipal institution “Conservation Centre and Research of Archaeological Monuments” of the Poltava Regional Council and the Department of Pediatric Therapeutic Dentistry with the Dental Diseases Prevention UMSA. The control group has included the children with maxillofacial pathology but their musculoskeletal system hasn’t been changed. However, two children have a “thin line” dental deposit in permanent and primary teeth. Two enamel hypoplasia specimens were detected in bone materials, five specimens of anomalies development dento-maxillofacial region and two dental specimens with markers determined of social society affiliation in the main children's group of the Middle Ages consist with of Golden Horde children. The main group results were compared with control group related to one period. The increase in the incidence of dental pathology was directly proportional to the number of children examined in the group. The dental pathology incidence was directly proportional relation increases to the examined children quantity in the group. The bone skeleton injury was found only in Golden Horde children group. The Middle Ages is characterized with the average diseases prevalence in Europe and America populations. We were determined the carious process and periodontal pathology were absence in deciduous and permanent teeth in the base and control children groups represent Middle Ages, after morphological and statistical processing of the collected archaeological, bone material. The dental mineralized deposits have a similar shape in base and control groups children of the Middle Ages in the studied territory of Ukraine. The dental mineralized plaque had a huge volume and was occupied a massive teeth square in examined children group identified with earlier historical periods and the Middle Ages. The research has shown that the dental deposit has a gradual evolutionary development in teeth of children groups at the Middle Ages.

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