scholarly journals The Need for Ecotourism at Our Third Pole and Their Sustainable Development and Policy Responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Chenhaojia Liu ◽  
Chenyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Ecological Sustainability ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
The Third ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Culture Education

The term ecotourism was originally proposed to rethink culture, education, and tourism, and has developed into a foundational concept for international natural ecological sustainability. This paper uses a combination of desktop research and literature research to explore the necessity, feasibility, and sustainability of ecotourism in the Third Pole, specifically analyzing the current situation, strengths and weaknesses, and four potential problems of ecotourism in the Tibetan Plateau, and making recommendations, including, but not limited to, the introduction of encouraging and restrictive policies for local tourism practitioners and people from the tourism industry.

New Noctuidae species from China (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2896 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
P. GYULAI ◽  
L. RONKAY ◽  
A. SALDAITIS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Light Trapping ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
The Third ◽  
High Diversity

Collecting expeditions to China's Sichuan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces were conducted by the third author, along with Alessandro and Irene Floriani, during June 2009, April 2010 and July 2010. Light trapping yielded numerous noctuid moths including four new species, described herein. These new taxa reflect the high diversity of some genera (Hada, Billberg, 1820 ; Palaeamathes, Boursin, 1954) in SW China, and the biogeographical connections of the Tibetan Plateau to Central Asia (Lacanobia kitokia sp. n., L. contrastata (Bryk, 1942), L. mongolica Behounek, 1993, L. kirghisa Gyulai & Ronkay, 1998) and to the Himalayan Region (Palaeamathes serrulata sp. n. is close to P. harpegnoma (Hreblay & Ronkay, 1998). Acronyms for personal and institutional collections are as follows: AFM—Alessandro Floriani (Milan, Italy); ASV—Aidas Saldaitis (Vilnius, Lithuania); BJ—Janos Babics (Budapest, Hungary); DNK—Danny Nilsson (Kalvehave, Denmark); GRB—Gabor Ronkay (Budapest, Hungary); GBG/ZSM—Gottfried Behounek (Grafing, Germany) / Zoologische Staatssammlung, München (Germany); GYP—Peter Gyulai (Miskolc, Hungary); HHP – Henri Hoppe (Klein Pravtshagen, Germany); NRCV—Nature Research Centre (Vilnius, Lithuania); WSM—Wolfgang Speidel (München, Germany).

Dominant Interannual and Decadal Variability of Winter Surface Air Temperature over Asia and the Surrounding Oceans

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1371-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihiro Miyazaki ◽  
Tetsuzo Yasunari
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Atmospheric Wave ◽  
Fourth Mode

Abstract To clarify the interannual variability of winter surface air temperature (SAT) over Asia and the surrounding oceans, the authors applied principal component analysis to normalized monthly SATs. The first mode represents the Asian north–south dipole pattern with a node over the Tibetan Plateau. This component has close relationships to the Arctic Oscillation and cold surge variability around Southeast Asia, showing decadal oscillation with signal changes in 1988 and 1997. The second mode is the inner-Asian mode with a center to the north of the Tibetan Plateau. This component connects to fluctuations of not only the western Siberian high but also the Icelandic low, which is associated with the pattern of the polar vortex over Eurasia. A recent warming trend and possible relationship to solar activity are also shown. The modes of Asian SAT variability associated with ENSO are extracted as the north–south dipole mode over the tropical western Pacific and Japan (the third mode) and Silk Road mode (the fourth mode). The two independent modes appear to be caused by different sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over the western Pacific and Indian Ocean and their associated atmospheric Rossby wave responses: the atmospheric wave trains over both the north and south of the Tibetan Plateau in the third mode, and the atmospheric wave train that propagates toward the Silk Road via Greenland in the fourth mode.

scholarly journals Black Carbon: The Concentration and Sources Study at the Nam Co Lake, the Tibetan Plateau from 2015 to 2016

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feiteng Wang ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Xiaoying Yue ◽  
Mengyuan Song ◽  
Guoshuai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Nam Co ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Nam Co Lake

We measured black carbon (BC) with a seven-wavelength aethalometer (AE-31) at the Nam Co Lake (NCL), the hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) from May 2015 to April 2016. The daily average concentration of BC was 145 ± 85 ng m−3, increasing by 50% since 2006. The seasonal variation of BC shows higher concentrations in spring and summer and lower concentrations in autumn and winter, dominated by the adjacent sources and meteorological conditions. The diurnal variation of BC showed that its concentrations peaked at 9:00–16:00 (UTC + 8), significantly related to local human activities (e.g., animal-manure burning and nearby traffic due to the tourism industry). The concentration-weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis showed that the long-distance transport of BC from South Asia could also be a potential contributor to BC at the NCL, as well as the biomass burning by the surrounding residents. The analyses of the absorption coefficient and absorption Ångström exponent show the consistency of sourcing the BC at the NCL. We suggest here that urgent measures should be taken to protect the atmospheric environment at the NCL, considering the fast-increasing concentrations of BC as an indicator of fuel combustion.

scholarly journals A sky-high view of the Third Pole: an interview with Tandong Yao and Weiming Fan

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Academic Standards ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
The Third ◽  
Chinese Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Antarctic

Abstract The Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountain regions covers 5 million square kilometres—nearly half the China's landmass—with an average elevation of over 4000 metres. It's often regarded as the Third Pole because it has the largest stock of ice outside the Arctic and the Antarctic. Tibetan Plateau research is one of China's Strategic Pioneering Programmes that was launched in 2012 with a budget of 300 million yuan (US $47 million) over 5 years and is led by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)’ Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research (ITP) in Beijing. In January 2014, CAS set up the Centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, headquartered in ITP, aiming at providing long-term support for this area of research and raising academic standards. NSR recently talked to glaciologist Tandong Yao and geologist Weiming Fan—ITP's director and deputy director, respectively—about why Tibetan Plateau research is important, what it is like to work there, how the region is faring in face of climate change and why international collaboration is important.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Urban Water Footprint on the Tibetan Plateau: A Case Study of Xining, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4566
Author(s):  
Zhirong Chen ◽  
Binghua Gong ◽  
Jiayi Jiang ◽  
Zhifeng Liu ◽  
Kelong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Nonpoint Source Pollution ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Rapid Urbanization

Determining the changes in the urban water footprint (WF) of the Tibetan Plateau is important for sustainable development within this region and in downstream regions. Taking Xining, the largest city on the Tibetan Plateau, as an example, this study quantified the changes in the WF of this region in the 2005–2018 period. We found that Xining’s total WF increased by 22.6%, from 8.9 billion to 10.9 billion m3 in this period. The increase in Xining’s gray WF (WFgray) resulting from the intensification of urban point-source pollution was the primary cause of the increase in its total WF. Xining’s WFgray from point-source pollution increased by 75.3%, from 3.1 billion to 5.4 billion m3. In addition, Xining’s WF far surpassed the amount of available water resources (WA) in this region. It is possible to prevent Xining’s WF from exceeding its WA only by simultaneously controlling point- and nonpoint-source pollution in the future. Thus, it is recommended that great importance be attached to the rapid increase in the WFgray of the Tibetan Plateau resulting from rapid urbanization and that effective measures be implemented to control point- and nonpoint-source pollution, so as to safeguard sustainable development within the Tibetan Plateau and in downstream regions.

scholarly journals Monitoring Water and Energy Cycles at Climate Scale in the Third Pole Environment (CLIMATE-TPE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3661
Author(s):  
Zhongbo Su ◽  
Yaoming Ma ◽  
Xuelong Chen ◽  
Xiaohua Dong ◽  
Junping Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Climate Scale

A better understanding of the water and energy cycles at climate scale in the Third Pole Environment is essential for assessing and understanding the causes of changes in the cryosphere and hydrosphere in relation to changes of plateau atmosphere in the Asian monsoon system and for predicting the possible changes in water resources in South and East Asia. This paper reports the following results: (1) A platform of in situ observation stations is briefly described for quantifying the interactions in hydrosphere-pedosphere-atmosphere-cryosphere-biosphere over the Tibetan Plateau. (2) A multiyear in situ L-Band microwave radiometry of land surface processes is used to develop a new microwave radiative transfer modeling system. This new system improves the modeling of brightness temperature in both horizontal and vertical polarization. (3) A multiyear (2001–2018) monthly terrestrial actual evapotranspiration and its spatial distribution on the Tibetan Plateau is generated using the surface energy balance system (SEBS) forced by a combination of meteorological and satellite data. (4) A comparison of four large scale soil moisture products to in situ measurements is presented. (5) The trajectory of water vapor transport in the canyon area of Southeast Tibet in different seasons is analyzed, and (6) the vertical water vapor exchange between the upper troposphere and the lower stratosphere in different seasons is presented.

scholarly journals Atmospheric boundary layer characteristics and land−atmosphere energy transfer in the Third Pole area

2015 ◽  
Vol 368 ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ma ◽  
Z. Zhu ◽  
P. M. Amatya ◽  
X. Chen ◽  
Z. Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
The Third ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Heterogeneous Landscape ◽  
Plateau Area

Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau and nearby surrounding area (the Third Pole area) dramatically impacts the world’s environment and especially controls climatic and environmental changes in China, Asia and even in the Northern Hemisphere. Supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and some international organizations, the Third Pole Environment (TPE) Programme is now under way. First, the background of the establishment of the TPE, the establishment and monitoring plans on long-term for the TPE and six comprehensive observation and study stations are introduced. Then the preliminary observational analysis results on atmosphere−land interaction are presented. The study on the regional distribution of land surface heat fluxes is of paramount importance over the heterogeneous landscape of the Third Pole area. A parameterization methodology based on satellite and in situ data is described and tested for deriving the regional surface heat fluxes (net radiation flux, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux) over the heterogeneous landscape. As a case study, the methodology was applied to the whole Tibetan Plateau area. Eight images of MODIS data and four images of AVHRR data were used for the comparison among winter, spring, summer and autumn, and the annual variation analyses. The derived results were also validated by using the ‘‘ground truth’’ measured in the stations of the TPE. The results show that the derived surface heat fluxes in the four different seasons over the Tibetan Plateau area are in good agreement with the ground measurements. The results from AVHRR were also in agreement with MODIS. It is therefore concluded that the proposed methodology is successful for the retrieval of surface heat fluxes using the MODIS data, AVHRR data and in situ data over the Tibetan Plateau area.

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