Technologies of Critique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willy Thayer
Keyword(s):  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Bruno Latour ◽  
Critical Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Critique—a program of thought as well as a disposition toward the world—is a crucial resource for politics and thought today, yet it is again and again instrumentalized by institutional frames and captured by market logics. This book elaborates a critical practice that eludes such capture. Building on Chile's history of dissident artists and the central entangling of politics and aesthetics, the book engages continental philosophical traditions, from Aristotle, Descartes and Heidegger through Walter Benjamin and Gilles Deleuze, and in implicit conversation with the Judith Butler, Roberto Esposito, and Bruno Latour, to help pinpoint the technologies and media through which art intervenes critically in socio-political life.

Indian Labour and the Geographies of the Great War

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-42
Author(s):  
Radhika Singha
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
World Order ◽  
International Order ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Global War ◽  
The Great War

This chapter assesses the key role of the non-combatant or follower ranks in the history of sub-imperial drives exerted across the land and sea frontiers of India. The reliance of the War Office upon combatant and non-combatant detachments from the Indian Army, used in combination with units of the British Army, left an imprint upon the first consolidated Indian Army Act of 1911. From 1914 the inter-regional contests of the Government of India for territory and influence, such as those running along the Arabian frontiers of the Ottoman empire, folded into global war. Nevertheless the despatch of an Indian Expeditionary Force to Europe in August 1914 disrupted raced imaginaries of the world order. The second less publicized exercise was the sending of Indian Labor Corps and of humble horse and mule drivers to France in 1917-18. The colour bar imposed by the Dominions on Indian settlers had begun to complicate the utilisation of Indian labor and Indian troops on behalf of empire. Over 1919-21, as global conflict segued back into imperial militarism, a strong critique emerged in India against the unilateral deployment of Indian troops and military labor, on fiscal grounds, in protest against their use to suppress political life in India and to condemn the international order which their use sustained.

Museums behind the Gallery Doors

PMLA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Robert D. Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Formal Training ◽  
Critical Practice ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Informal Empire ◽  
The World ◽  
Museum Exhibitions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Steps

I am often asked how a Victorianist came to write a book about museum exhibitions and the British quest for and Traffic in pre-Columbian antiquities. When I began, I had no formal training in these subjects and thus little that would count as a theory or method. Of course, as my interest grew I read as much of the scholarly literature as I could: critical studies of important collectors; analyses of exhibitionary practice and museum administration; the history of the museum from cabinets of curiosity to the virtual collections of the present. Yet much of what I learned in writing my own book, Informal Empire, was pieced together, often haltingly, one fragment at a time through a deep immersion in a rich archive. Sensing I was on new ground, I rejected any overarching schema, adhering to the perhaps counterintuitive notion that the best way to make the archive speak was to resist imposing a theory on it and instead to allow the shape of the materials themselves to suggest ways of proceeding. To illustrate both the advantages and the liabilities of this method, which I employed while working on nineteenth-century ethnography collections, I have chosen here to reconstruct the key steps of the scholarly journey that took me from the library to the world of museums and archives. I offer this reflection on critical practice first as an exercise in demystification and second as an encouragement to anyone, but especially students, who might wish to travel similar paths.

The Procedure of the Senate

1933 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
A. G. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Roman History ◽  
Political Life ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

The greatest contribution which Rome made to the history of the world is perhaps to be found in her government, in her solution of political problems, and in the machinery she devised to carry out the hundred and one duties that fall to the lot of executive powers. No one institution of Rome is so interesting and intriguing in its origin and development as the Senate, which from the early days of the Republic down to the foundation of the Empire played an enormous part in moulding the whole political life of Rome; and even when the golden days of senatorial authority were over, its name and tradition remained to exercise a great influence and fascination on succeeding times. When we read of the Senate and its part in Roman history we try to think of parallels in our own government, and the first thing that suggests itself to us is the Houses of Parliament and more particularly the House of Commons. But there are so many differences between the two that it is worth while briefly to describe the Senate and in so doing compare it with our own system.

The History of Politics and the Politics of History

1994 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Bruce Levine
Keyword(s):  
Labor History ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Organized Labor ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
The World ◽  
Politics Of History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Labor Leaders

I believe Ira Katznelson is quite right to link the condition of labor history as a scholarly field with bigger changes taking place in the world. The malaise he points to is a response to the striking, protracted, and continuing shift to the Right in political life; the prolonged and barely challenged erosion of working-class living standards, rights, and organizations; and the evident programmatic and strategic bankruptcy alike of Stalinist, social democratic, and even more explicitly business-minded labor leaders and labor parties. Those waiting for organized labor to stand up on its hind legs and fight back grow disappointed and disoriented.

scholarly journals DIFFERENT COLORS AND POLITICALIDEOLOGY

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3SE) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mamta Chandrashekhar
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Folk Tale ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thinking Process

This research work based on the colorfulPolitics which existing in the different societies in the world. Everybody has a different thoughts and vision to see the world so there are different political ideologiesto represent a political party, either officially or unofficially. Political Parties in different countries with similar ideologies tend to use similar colours.They have long been associated with specific colors. This is largely due to the fact that politics became popular long before literacy did in the history of human being cultural development because the people couldn’t read and even images could get complicated, political signs and signs in general, have to express something with different colors.India has always been exalted and remembered fondly as the country of different symbolic colors. To an outsider, its colorful culture, streets and stories seem like a page out of an ancient folk tale but there is a unity too in diversity. Different Colours, in essence, has been a large part of the Indian consciousness. Different parties come to rule with their owndifferent ideologieswith different colors. The symbolic colors of politics, there many colors, For example- Saffron- BJP ruled Centre and states,Tri color- Congress ruled states,Red - Left parties ruled states. Another color-NCP ruled state (Jammu &Kashmir) Every color has its own significance , own ideology, own thinking process, own style of functioning and own importance in political life. They may be like different flowers of different colors, but they all make a fabulous common garland-that is INDIA.

scholarly journals World Literature and the Problem of Postcolonialism

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-74
Author(s):  
Lorna Burns
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
A Priori ◽  
World System ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Bruno Latour ◽  
Jacques Ranciere ◽  
The World ◽  
Literature Theory ◽  
Research Collective

This essay identifies in the materialist strand of world literature theory, especially Pascale Casanova and the Warwick Research Collective, a reliance upon a priori structures (the world-system) and prioritisation of the literary registration of inequality. By contrast, I contend, world-literary critics who wish to maintain the dissident spirit of postcolonialism ought to demonstrate a shared equality. By reference to the philosophies of Bruno Latour, Gilles Deleuze and Jacques Rancière, this essay sets out the case for an alternative to world-systems critique: one that maintains literature’s potential for creating new forms of resistance, dissent, and, crucially, equality.

scholarly journals El tiempo cinematográfico: un análisis de los fundamentos óntico-temporales de la semiótica pre-verbal en la obra de Gilles Deleuze / The Cinematic Time: An Analysis of the Ontic-Temporal Foundations of PreVerbal Semiotics in the Work of Gilles Deleuze

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge León Casero ◽  
Ismael Martín Estébanez
Keyword(s):  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Primary Interest ◽  
Film Editing ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cinematic Time

ABSTRACTIn the early the 80’s, the philosopher Gilles Deleuze applied the Bergson’s theory of image exposed on Matter and Memory (1986) to the cinematic image, with the intend to develop new conceptual tools that, through an analysis of the History of Cinema, allow delineate better both, the cognitive relation beyond the subject-object budgets, and a theory of preverbal communication non phonetically structured which definitively exceeded the lacanian conception of the language. While such analyzes can be understood as the establishment of alternative principles of the Vertov and Eisenstein film editing theories, the primary interest in our paper will focus on the space-temporary categories redefinition that Deleuze's theory of cinema involves and which implies an exhaustive redefinition of the chronology space-temporary categories defined in the XV century by creation of perspective by renaissance painters and architects.RESUMENA comienzos de la década de los 80, el filósofo Gilles Deleuze aplicó la teoría de la imagen de Bergson expuesta en Materia y Memoria (1896) a la imagen cinematográfica con la intención de desarrollar nuevas herramientas conceptuales que, a través de un análisis de la historia del cine, permitieran poder delinear mejor tanto la relación cognoscitiva más allá de los presupuestos de sujeto-objeto, como una teoría de la comunicación pre-verbal no estructuralizada fonéticamente que superara definitivamente la concepción lacaniana del lenguaje. Si bien dichos análisis pueden ser vistos también como el establecimiento de unos principios alternativos a las teorías del montaje tanto de Vertov como de Eizenshtéin, el interés primario de nuestro paper se centrará en la redefinición de las categorías espacio-temporales que conlleva esta nueva teoría del cine esgrimida por Deleuze. Concretamente analizaremos cómo la nueva tecnología cinematográfica, especialmente en su desarrollo europeo de la segunda postguerra (Godard, Fellini, Syberberg, Tarkovski) supone una comprensión temporal por completo ajena a cualquier comprensión de causalidad lineal, teleológica o no, de corte cronológico. En su lugar, el cine en tanto que medio de comunicación propio del mundo metropolitano contemporáneo emplea unas categorías temporales más cercanas a conceptos como “acontecimiento” o “haecceitas”, que en algunos puntos lo acercan a la concepción del tiempo desarrollada por Walter Benjamin, pero que por otro lo relacionan directamente con formas aiónicas del mismo ya estudiadas por Deleuze en la década de los 60, y aplicadas al estudio del dadaísmo en la de los 70.

scholarly journals Earthly births

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Political Concept ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Slow Violence ◽  
Climate Crisis

The aim of this article is straightforward: to present two clarifications of Hannah- Arendt’s seasoned political concept of natality and to conclude by positioning this new account of natality within the context of the climate crisis. In many ways, this concluding section, where natality is read as a form of historical emancipation, hinges on the degree to which I succeed in reframing existing conversations around natality. In the first instance I submit an ‘earthly reading’ of natality before turning to discuss the historical implications of this ‘re-earthed’ natality as enacting a form of weak messianism akin to that of Walter Benjamin. Rethinking natality in this way, I present an account of Arendt’s work as always already inclined towards the issues brought to light in the climate crisis. And so, while the forms of emancipation and redemption that I locate in natality may already be commonly read in natal actions, which break spontaneously into the world and recall the originality of appearance, I nevertheless contend that its political implications reach new grounds with the revisions that I offer in the body of my article. By way of conclusion, I join critical Anthropocene theorists in contending with the ‘slow violence’, ‘willed racial blindness’ and ‘crises of the imagination’ that the climate crisis elicits. This is the setting that sits behind my intervention into natality and, in turn, it is this setting that I suggest can be illuminated through the weak messianism of a ‘re-earthed’ natality. Arguing for Arendt’s latent consideration of the earth, I hope to expose the ruined fragments of the past that shape the present crisis and gesture towards their radical redemption. If I succeed in showing that natality can be used as a resource to rethink both the prehistory and the present of the climate crisis then I will have achieved a reorientation in thinking about Arendt’s politics. Which is merely to say that I will have revealed concerns for the earth as intrinsic to natal actions and, in turn, their appearance as messianic disruptions on the earth. Prompted by the need to think critically about the historical appearance of the climate crisis whilst retaining, at the same time, the injunction to think expansively about future action – that is, as not determined exclusively by the violence of the climate crisis – this article defends a reconsideration of natality as a form of critical historical intervention. Formulating this reconstruction is then ‘operationalised’ in the concluding section where I invoke its revolutionary force in remapping the history of the climate crisis.

A History of the World Semiconductor Industry

IEE Review ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
D.A. Gorham
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The problem of periodization of the history of religion

1997 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Borys Lobovyk
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Religious Development ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion

An important problem of religious studies, the history of religion as a branch of knowledge is the periodization process of the development of religious phenomenon. It is precisely here, as in focus, that the question of the essence and meaning of the religious development of the human being of the world, the origin of beliefs and cult, the reasons for the changes in them, the place and role of religion in the social and spiritual process, etc., are converging.

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