scholarly journals Experiences of young adolescent mothers regarding adolescent motherhood in Oshana region

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina A. David ◽  
Agnes Van Dyk ◽  
Daniel Opotamutale Ashipala
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
Early Motherhood ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Job Attainment ◽  
Mental Maturity ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Education Support ◽  
Contextual Study

Background and objective: Adolescence is generally understood as a period of growing to maturity, transition from childhood to adulthood with physical and mental maturity. Nowadays girls enter puberty as young as 9 years which pose a health risk to adolescent pregnancy and early motherhood. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of adolescent mothers as regards motherhood in Oshana region.Methods: A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual study was conducted among adolescent mothers in Oshana Region of Namibia regards their experiences on adolescent motherhood. Thematic analysis following Tesch’s analysis process was employed.Results: The findings of this study revealed that having a baby at a younger age have a negative effect on their future plans. It is an unfortunate fact that emerged from the study that many adolescent mothers lack the required form of support or social assistance both during pregnancy and in raising their children in the economically driven world of today. It is an unfortunate fact that emerged from the study that many adolescent mothers lack the required form of support or social assistance both during pregnancy and in raising their children in the economically driven world of today. It appeared that having a child gives an added impetus to their lives; and they felt that every decision or step they made would impact their babies’ lives in one way or another.Conclusions: It appeared that having a child gives an added impetus to their lives; and they felt that every decision or step they made would impact their babies’ lives in one way or another. They experienced distorted inter-personal relationships with families and friends related to motherhood as well as challenges on bringing up a baby and baby care. However adolescent mothers also had future ambitions on education, support, relationships and job attainment.

scholarly journals Stress and Coping Among Unmarried Pregnant University Students in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thandiwe Msipu Phiri ◽  
Patrick Nyamaruze ◽  
Olagoke Akintola
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Early Motherhood ◽  
Pregnant Students ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Background: The improvement of maternal and child health (MCH) outcomes is an important part of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). MCH remains an important issue globally as the SDGs have not yet been achieved in most countries. Young women in universities are likely to experience unintended pregnancy due to the risky sexual behavior in tertiary institutions which is characterized by lack of condom and/or contraceptive use and coercion. Pregnant young women in an academic environment are susceptible to stressors associated with unintended pregnancy and academic demands of universities. However, very little is known about the stress and coping among young people in tertiary institutions who get pregnant during the course of their studies and choose to keep the pregnancy. Methods: Participants were purposively selected among pregnant students and those in the puerperal period at the time of the study. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were undertaken to explore the experiences of pregnancy and early motherhood, with particular focus on the various stressors experienced and possible coping strategies employed by students. The data were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, then analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The findings show that pregnancy and early motherhood was an experience that came with a lot of stress emanating from fear of parents’ reactions, academic pressure, financial constraints, relationship problems with male partners and experiences of social stigma. Participants used emotion-focused and problem-focused coping strategies to deal with the stressors confronting them during and after their pregnancy.Conclusion: The experiences of pregnant students are multifaceted and generally characterised by financial crisis, academic challenges, shame, strenuous relationships and transitioning into a new identity. A multipronged approach to healthcare for pregnant students that focus on comprehensive antenatal services, health education, health promotion, psychosocial interventions including academic counselling will have positive outcomes for adolescent mothers and their children.

scholarly journals Adolescent Motherhood and HIV in South Africa: Examining Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn J. Roberts ◽  
Colette Smith ◽  
Lucie Cluver ◽  
Elona Toska ◽  
Siyanai Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
Health Burden ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Health Comorbidities

AbstractThe mental health of adolescents (10–19 years) remains an overlooked global health issue, particularly within the context of syndemic conditions such as HIV and pregnancy. Rates of pregnancy and HIV among adolescents within South Africa are some of the highest in the world. Experiencing pregnancy and living with HIV during adolescence have both been found to be associated with poor mental health within separate explorations. Yet, examinations of mental health among adolescents living with HIV who have experienced pregnancy/parenthood remain absent from the literature. As such, there exists no evidence-based policy or programming relating to mental health for this group. These analyses aim to identify the prevalence of probable common mental disorder among adolescent mothers and, among adolescents experiencing the syndemic of motherhood and HIV. Analyses utilise data from interviews undertaken with 723 female adolescents drawn from a prospective longitudinal cohort study of adolescents living with HIV (n = 1059) and a comparison group of adolescents without HIV (n = 467) undertaken within the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Detailed study questionnaires included validated and study specific measures relating to HIV, adolescent motherhood, and mental health. Four self-reported measures of mental health (depressive, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and suicidality symptomology) were used to explore the concept of likely common mental disorder and mental health comorbidities (experiencing two or more common mental disorders concurrently). Chi-square tests (Fisher’s exact test, where appropriate) and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to assess differences in sample characteristics (inclusive of mental health status) according to HIV status and motherhood status. Logistic regression models were used to explore the cross-sectional associations between combined motherhood and HIV status and, likely common mental disorder/mental health comorbidities. 70.5% of participants were living with HIV and 15.2% were mothers. 8.4% were mothers living with HIV. A tenth (10.9%) of the sample were classified as reporting a probable common mental disorder and 2.8% as experiencing likely mental health comorbidities. Three core findings emerge: (1) poor mental health was elevated among adolescent mothers compared to never pregnant adolescents (measures of likely common mental disorder, mental health comorbidities, depressive, anxiety and suicidality symptoms), (2) prevalence of probable common mental disorder was highest among mothers living with HIV (23.0%) compared to other groups (Range:8.5–12.8%; Χ2 = 12.54, p = 0.006) and, (3) prevalence of probable mental health comorbidities was higher among mothers, regardless of HIV status (HIV & motherhood = 8.2%, No HIV & motherhood = 8.2%, Χ2 = 14.5, p = 0.002). Results identify higher mental health burden among adolescent mothers compared to never-pregnant adolescents, an increased prevalence of mental health burden among adolescent mothers living with HIV compared to other groups, and an elevated prevalence of mental health comorbidities among adolescent mothers irrespective of HIV status. These findings address a critical evidence gap, highlighting the commonality of mental health burden within the context of adolescent motherhood and HIV within South Africa as well as the urgent need for support and further research to ensure effective evidence-based programming is made available for this group. Existing antenatal, postnatal, and HIV care may provide an opportunity for mental health screening, monitoring, and referral.

scholarly journals Analysing the experience of motherhood among adolescents living with HIV

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Gabriela Cássia Ritt ◽  
Marco Daniel Pereira ◽  
Daniela Centenaro Levandowski
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Young People ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Over Time

Aim Adolescent motherhood is considered a condition of vulnerability that can be further complicated by the presence of HIV infection, but little is known about how adolescent mothers experience this process. The aim of this study was to analyse the experience of motherhood among adolescents living with HIV. Method Seven mothers (15-21 years) recruited in specialized services in Porto Alegre/Brazil, whose babies’ ages ranged from four to six months, were interviewed. Interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Results The qualitative content analysis of the interviews revealed a positive vision of motherhood, related to satisfaction with the maternal role and personal fulfilment. Pregnancy and motherhood served to these adolescents as an encouragement for self-care. The mothers’ difficulties were related to HIV and to the repercussions of this clinical condition, especially feelings of frustration and incompleteness of motherhood on the impossibility of breastfeeding, as well as fear facing the risk of MTCT. Conclusion Future research of longitudinal design and with larger samples will be important to extend the knowledge of the specificities of this experience over time for young people of different ages and social backgrounds.

scholarly journals The "good" mother: experiences of Canadian adolescent mothers living in rural communities.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Presentation Of Self ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
Good Mother ◽  
Narrative Methodology ◽  
Study Participants

Adolescent mothers and their children are at risk for suboptimal health outcomes making adolescent motherhood a public health concern. However, the experiences of rural-living adolescent mothers are not well understood. Using Lieblich, Tuval-Mahiach, and Zilber's (1998) narrative methodology approach, the experiential accounts of three rural-living adolescent mothers was explored. Reflecting Goffman's (1959) presentation of self, the findings of this study revealed how adolescent mothers attempted to construct and present their notion of being a good mother, while coping with complicating rural factors. The need to present as a good mother, the lack of anonymity associated with rural living, and geographical barriers had particular implications for the way in which adolescent mothers access and use professional and personal supports. Maintaining relationships with the infants' fathers, even when that relationship exhibited unhealthy characteristics, was important for study participants. Implications for practice, education, and recommendations for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Recycling Poverty through Domestic Service and Adolescent Motherhood

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorretta F.C. Ntoimo
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Domestic Service ◽  
Domestic Servants ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
Generational Transmission ◽  
Primary Determinant

Engagement in domestic service and adolescent motherhood are two life experiences that impinge on women’s life chances and promote inter-generational transmission of poverty. This research examines the socio-economic contexts of domestic service and adolescent childbearing among women from Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria; the link between the two variables and their nexus with poverty. Empirical data for the study were drawn from two life histories and twenty-one In-depth Interviews with women who have experience in domestic service, and those who became mothers as adolescents. The primary determinant of adolescent motherhood and engagement in domestic service is poor socio-economic background. Other significant predisposing factors are negative cultural beliefs that a woman’s niche is marriage and motherhood, orphanhood and social network with older domestic servants. Domestic service is found to expose girls to adolescent pregnancy, and adolescent motherhood leads to involvement in domestic work. Domestic service attracts low pay, has a semblance of slavery and the future well being of women engaged in it is uncertain. Further education and opportunities for livelihood skill are stalled for women who become adolescent mothers. This study provides information useful for policies to protect the rights of domestic workers and vulnerable adolescent girls, as well as for poverty alleviation

Adolescent Mothers’ Life Trajectory: What is Dimming Their Futures?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 122-133
Author(s):  
Laramie Nicole Riggs
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Life Trajectory ◽  
The Individual

For years, researchers contended that early pregnancy was the primary determinant for poor life outcomes for adolescent mothers (Hayes, 1987, as cited in SmithBattle 2007, p 410). More recently, the flaws in these assumptions have surfaced as theories such as the general systems theory on human behavior are gaining traction. This states that from the individual level (social interactions, cultural beliefs and values, degree of self-efficacy) to the environmental level (family, peer groups, societal norms, social class, economic status, racism), the widening disparity along one’s developmental life course reveals outcomes unique to a person and their experiences (Coie et al., 1993, pp 1014, 1016). The intertwined nature of these systems, each of which will be discussed in further sections, have altered the direction of research concerning sources of poor life outcomes commonly attributed to adolescent motherhood.

scholarly journals Motherhood in early adolescence: a case-control study in Southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-448
Author(s):  
Jorge Umberto Béria ◽  
Lígia Braun Schermann ◽  
Andréa Fachel Leal ◽  
Juliana Balbinot Hilgert ◽  
Airton Tetelbom Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
Control Study

Abstract This paper investigates factors associated with motherhood among adolescents from 14 to 16 years of age in Porto Alegre, Brazil. This is a case-control study with 431 adolescent mothers (cases) and 862 adolescents who had never given birth (controls). D. ata were obtained through home visits by an interviewer-applied questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics, quality of social and family relationships, lifestyle and history of abuse were studied as potential determinants to early adolescent motherhood. Conditional logistic regression was used for data analysis according to a two-stage hierarchical model. Results showed that lower economic class, schooling failure, tobacco consumption, alcoholic drunkenness at least once in life and having a mother who gave birth before 20 years of age were positively associated with early adolescent motherhood. Later menarche and having relatives or having friends in whom to trust remained as protective factors. Schooling failure, which obtained the highest risk, points to the important role of the school in this population’s development and its potential to stimulate healthy life habits.

scholarly journals Comparison of the course of labour in adolescent mothers (aged ≤17 years) and young women (aged 18-19 years)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Kaźmierczak ◽  
Karolina Tymanowska ◽  
Grażyna Gebuza ◽  
Maciej W. Socha
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Biological Development

Introduction: Adolescent motherhood is associated with a high risk of health problems due to the unfinished process of biological development of the body. Aim: To compare the course of labour among adolescent mothers (aged up to 17 years) and young women (aged 18–19 years). Material and methods: The study was performed on the basis of a retrospective analysis of medical records from 2010 to 2018 in one of the clinical hospitals in Poland. The analysis included the births given by 133 adolescent mothers and 169 young women. Results and discussion: There was a downward trend in the percentage of births given by adolescent mothers and young women over a 9-year period. The placenta of adolescent women was lighter, by 25 g on average (P = 0.011), and had a smaller size (P = 0.038) than the placenta of young women. In adolescent women, pregnancy-related complications were significantly more often associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension (P = 0.037), and in young women with gestational diabetes (P = 0.003). The rapture of membranes was observed significantly more often at the first stage of labour among mothers aged 18–19 years than in mothers aged up to 17 years (P = 0.043). Conclusions: A decrease in the number of births given by adolescent mothers and young women over 9 years was demonstrated. Among adolescent mothers a pregnancy-related complication was pregnancy-induced hypertension. The placenta of adolescent mothers was significantly lighter and smaller than of young women. The rapture of membranes (in the first stage of labour) concerned more often women aged 18–19 years.

scholarly journals Community-Based Peer Support Intervention to Mitigate Social Isolation and Stigma of Adolescent Motherhood in Harare, Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiwoneso B. Tinago ◽  
Edward A. Frongillo ◽  
Andrea Warren ◽  
Vivian Chitiyo ◽  
Ashley K. Cifarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Support Intervention ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
Peer Support Intervention

Abstract Background Adolescent mothers in Zimbabwe often experience isolation and lack coping skills and resources to successfully navigate motherhood. To develop a community-based peer support intervention, we need to understand the unique needs of adolescent mothers and how peer support groups could address those needs. Methods Focus group discussions were conducted with 85 adolescent mothers aged 14-18 years, 24 community health workers, and 25 key community stakeholders in a low-income high-density community in Harare. Data were analyzed thematically using NVivo 12 software. Results Participants described adolescent motherhood challenges and gaps in services and programming. Participants preferred bi-weekly one-hour group sessions addressing topics including income generation, mental health, and gossip, facilitated by community health workers at health and community centers. Use of WhatsApp Messenger to support intervention efforts was welcomed as an affordable and user-friendly platform to share information. Conclusions Adolescent mothers need strong adult community support and health knowledge to address important social issues that impact their health and well-being. Facilitated peer support groups can strengthen social networks and mitigate the adverse effects of social isolation and stigma among adolescent mothers. The community supported participatory engagement that empowers, meets needs, and improves the health of adolescent mothers.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Assessment for Adolescent Pregnancy: A Descriptive Study on Married Adolescents in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Haque
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Pregnant Adolescent ◽  
Early Motherhood ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Future Pregnancy

Background: Adolescent childbearing has emerged as a major concern in Bangladesh due to its shorter term adverse effects on both the mothers and babies born to adolescent mothers. Bangladesh is one of the vulnerable countries in the world and the most vulnerable country in South Asian region regarding early motherhood risks. Most of the adolescents pelvis is not mature enough for childbirth and malnutrition may stunt normal growth of adolescent women. But a greater proportion of currently married adolescent women want a child very soon. Hence it is needed to assess adolescent women’s physical and nutritional status for making future pregnancy outcomes safer. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the physical and nutritional status of married adolescent women for pregnancy by calculating prevalence of low weight, low height, stunting and thinness. Methodology: For assessing pre-pregnancy physical and nutritional status of married adolescent women, data extracted from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS)–2004. Based on fundamental anthropometric variables (weight and height), stunting and thinness profile of study population has been prepared. Also, group mean of weight and height, prevalence of low weight (<45kg) and low height (<145 cm) have been calculated. Results: Adolescent women, on average, are at vulnerable for childbirth regarding their weight in the study results. For instance, more than 64% of married non-pregnant adolescent women’s weights are less than 45 kg and more than 15% of married non-pregnant adolescent women belong to height less than 145 cm in Bangladesh. It is also estimated that more than 16% and around 50% of married non-pregnant adolescent women were thin and stunted respectively in Bangladesh. Conclusion: Since early childbearing is a social norm in Bangladesh and many of married adolescent women are not physically fit for pregnancy, so it is necessary to encourage married adolescent women to delay childbearing through community education and by encouraging them to use family planning services. It should be necessary to pay special emphasizes for improving adolescent women’s nutritional status through the country’s Health, Nutrition and Population Sector Program or through National Nutrition Program (NNP). Keywords: Adolescent; Bangladesh; Pregnancy; Stunting; Thinness  DOI: 10.3126/jnps.v30i3.3918J Nep Paedtr Soc 2010;30(3):154-159

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