scholarly journals The first year as a nurse practitioner: An integrative literature review of the transition experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Twine
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Nurse Practitioner ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Role Transition ◽  
Transition Experience

The purpose of this integrative literature review was to synthesize current knowledge about the role transition from new graduate Nurse Practitioner (NP) to novice NP to increase our understanding of how to better support NP entry into practice. The NP role was implemented in the United States over fifty years ago and has proven to contribute to patient outcomes and reduced health care costs. Proper transition experience to advanced practice nursing is fundamental to these improved patient outcomes in the hospital setting. The transition from Registered Nurse to professional NP is an important and difficult adjustment to make and may affect ongoing NP practice. The following topics were reviewed: graduate NP to novice NP transition, NP perception of preparedness, and perceived challenges encountered during role transition. A search for relevant literature was conducted in the EBSCO Host and ProQuest databases and in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, and MEDLINE specialty databases. Ten articles were identified and 3 major topic areas were revealed in the analysis: role transition, perception of preparedness, and perceived challenges. Establishing role identity as an NP, developing professional relationships, and having effective mentorship emerged as key issues influencing the transition process. Training programs are rare. A need exists for additional support and education for new hospital based NPs as they transition from students to practicing clinicians. Future studies that focus on the transition experience after internships programs may provide insight into how to develop or modify educational programs for NPs that will improve or enhance their transition to expert practitioner practice.

Understanding readiness metrics for the humanitarian operations through literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-345
Author(s):  
Aruna Apte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Humanitarian Operations ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
Emergency Responder ◽  
To Come

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to understand whether an organization knows if it is ready to respond to a disaster and whether it has the capabilities to deliver relief. Our initial motivation was to identify unique resources possessed by the United States Navy (USN) and United States Marine Corps (USMC) due to their unique and critical capabilities for humanitarian operations. The recent frequency of disasters around the world suggests these events will continue to create demand for relief capabilities. For this reason we need to understand readiness metrics not just for USN and USMC but for humanitarian organizations (Hos) in general.Design/methodology/approachWe survey relevant literature for understanding how HOs define and develop readiness metrics and associated factors. We studied documents including peer-reviewed scholarly articles, government documents, white papers, research papers and Department of Defense (DoD) briefings. We study literature that is significantly written for DoD, one, the vast experience of USN and USMC and two, the lessons learned have been documented. The literature offers substantial information on what readiness means and why it is important. This documented information is critical because it is known to the researchers in humanitarian operations that data is hard to come by.FindingsThe framework for readiness proposed at the end of this article is context the emergency responder probably uses in an informal fashion. The validation of readiness framework, we find exists in the supporting literature we review.Originality/valueThe understanding of readiness metrics for humanitarian operations for the organizations we study may offer insight into other HOs. The insights we gain may not be pivotal or counterintuitive to the conclusions based on commonsense. However, they are supported by the literature review. We formalize the concept based on conclusions of a set of diverse set of researchers and practitioners such as academic scholars, DoD personnel and government officials involved in humanitarian missions, USAID representatives that are repeatedly tasked for being ready, military and government officers from host and foreign countries and many more.

scholarly journals Aging and Disability Among Hispanics in the United States: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A Garcia ◽  
Brian Downer ◽  
Michael Crowe ◽  
Kyriakos S Markides
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Minority Population

Abstract Background and Objectives Hispanics are the most rapidly aging minority population in the United States. Our objective is to provide a summary of current knowledge regarding disability among Hispanics, and to propose an agenda for future research. Research Design and Methods A literature review was conducted to identify major areas of research. A life course perspective and the Hispanic Paradox were used as frameworks for the literature review and for identifying future areas of research. Results Four research areas were identified: (1) Ethnic disparities in disability; (2) Heterogeneity of the U.S. older Hispanic population; (3) Risk factors for disability; and (4) Disabled life expectancy. Older Hispanics are more likely than non-Hispanic whites to be disabled or to become disabled. Disability varied by country of origin, nativity, age of migration, and duration in the United States. Important risk factors for disability included chronic health conditions, depression, and cognitive impairment. Protective factors included positive affect and physical activity. Older Hispanics have longer life expectancy than non-Hispanic whites but spend a greater proportion of old age disabled. Future research should continue to monitor trends in disability as younger generations of Hispanics reach old age. Attention needs to be given to regional variation within the United States for disability prevalence, early-life risk factors, and factors that may contribute to variation in disabled life expectancy. There is also an urgent need for interventions that can effectively prevent or delay the onset of disability in older Hispanics. Discussion and Implications Considerable research has examined disability among older Hispanics, but continued research is needed. It is important that research findings be used to inform public policies that can address the burden of disability for older Hispanic populations.

scholarly journals Review on the fundamental usage of Bills of Quantities (BQ) by contracting organisations

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsulhadi Bin Bandi ◽  
Fadhlin Abdullah ◽  
Roslan Amiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Management Functions

Detail literature review indicates a growing concern over the purpose of the BQ to the practice and needs of contracting organisations. However, the number of studies dedicated to comprehensively review how BQ is used by these organisations is limited. This review is conducted with the aim to identify the fundamental usage of BQ to contracting organisations; especially within the parameter of a project period and management functions. The main three objectives are: (1) to comprehensively identify relevant literature concerning the usage of BQ to contracting organisations, (2) to review the literature in order to identify the usage of BQ to contracting organisations, and (3) to systematically synthesize the outcome of the review in order to identify the fundamental usage of BQ to contracting organisations. Various literature findings are reviewed and validated to support the study’s outcome. As a result, this study manage to identify thirty fundamental usage of BQ arranged according to the parameter of interest. The significance of this study supports the evident usage of BQ by contracting organisations. It further enhances the current knowledge pertaining to its application in the industry and advancing further research pertaining on the application of BQ in the construction industry.

The Student Nurse: A Study in Sex Role Transition

1969 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 975-990
Author(s):  
Carl N. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Sex Role ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Role Transition ◽  
School Of Nursing ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Sex Role Identity ◽  
Adolescent Transition ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores the interaction of individual and institution within the nursing profession. Of primary interest are the personality and motivational factors contributing to the selection of nursing as a profession and the impact of the school of nursing and hospital setting on the progressive development of the student. In particular, patterns of family interaction and sex-role identity are explored in relation to occupational and situational preference. The relationship of these patterns to adolescent transition and role selection in groups other than nursing are discussed.

Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Inpatient Hospital Settings: A Systematic Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1209-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittin Wagner ◽  
Gregory A. Filice ◽  
Dimitri Drekonja ◽  
Nancy Greer ◽  
Roderick MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
English Language ◽  
Guideline Implementation ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Audit And Feedback ◽  
Cochrane Library

ObjectiveEvaluate the evidence for effects of inpatient antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) on patient, prescribing, and microbial outcomes.DesignSystematic review.MethodsSearch of MEDLINE (2000 through November 2013), Cochrane Library, and reference lists of relevant studies. We included English language studies with patient populations relevant to the United States (ie, infectious conditions and prescriptions required for antimicrobials) that evaluated ASP interventions and reported outcomes of interest. Study characteristics and outcomes data were extracted and reviewed by investigators and trained research personnel.ResultsFew intervention types (eg, audit and feedback, guideline implementation, and decision support) substantially impacted patient outcomes, including mortality, length of stay, readmission, or incidence of Clostridium difficile infection. However, most interventions were not powered adequately to demonstrate impacts on patient outcomes. Most interventions were associated with improved prescribing patterns as measured by decreased antimicrobial use or increased appropriate use. Where reported, ASPs were generally associated with improvements in microbial outcomes, including institutional resistance patterns or resistance in the study population. Few data were provided on harms, sustainability, or key intervention components. Studies were typically of short duration, low in methodological quality, and varied in study design, populations enrolled, hospital setting, ASP intent, intervention composition and implementation, comparison group, and outcomes assessed.ConclusionsNumerous studies suggest that ASPs can improve prescribing and microbial outcomes. Strength of evidence was low, and most studies were not designed adequately to detect improvements in mortality or other patient outcomes, but obvious adverse effects on patient outcomes were not reported.

scholarly journals An introduction to the epidemiology and burden of urinary tract infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 175628721983217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Medina ◽  
Edgardo Castillo-Pino
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common outpatient infections, with a lifetime incidence of 50−60% in adult women. This is a narrative review aimed at acting as an introduction to the epidemiology and burden of UTIs. This review is based on relevant literature according to the experience and expertise of the authors. The prevalence of UTI increases with age, and in women aged over 65 is approximately double the rate seen in the female population overall. Etiology in this age group varies by health status with factors such as catheterization affecting the likelihood of infection and the pathogens most likely to be responsible. In younger women, increased sexual activity is a major risk factor for UTIs and recurrence within 6 months is common. In the female population overall, more serious infections such as pyelonephritis are less frequent but are associated with a significant burden of care due to the risk of hospitalization. Healthcare-associated UTIs (HAUTIs) are the most common form of healthcare-acquired infection. Large global surveys indicate that the nature of pathogens varies between the community and hospital setting. In addition, the pathogens responsible for HAUTIs vary according to region making adequate local data key to infection control. UTIs create a significant societal and personal burden, with a substantial number of medical visits in the United States every year being related to UTIs. European data indicate that recurrent infections are related to increased absenteeism and physician visits. In addition, quality of life measures are significantly impacted in women suffering from recurrent UTIs. Data suggest that nonantimicrobial prophylactic strategies offer an opportunity to reduce both the rate of UTIs and the personal burden experience by patients.

Adapting to change in academic libraries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Ways Of Working ◽  
Library Professionals

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discover the main reasons for change, why change is necessary and how library professionals can adapt to change. Academic institutions are rapidly changing around the world where libraries are facing similar challenges and adapting change is a demand for growth and improvement. Library administrators need a clear vision and strategic plan to meet the upcoming challenges, they must have self-confidence, ability to work with diversity. Library professionals need to show flexibility and a willingness to develop new skills, they also need to adopt new ways of working and dealing with the academic community. Design/methodology/approach The literature review is built on resources from offline and online full-text databases such as ProQuest, EBSCO, Emerald, Library Literature and Information Science databases. This paper is based on a systematic literature review method which includes 50 research articles and 5 print books. A total of 109 articles were collected at the beginning stage but after their analysis in detail, they were reduced to 50 articles as the rest of the articles did not exactly focus on adapting to change in academic libraries. Basic keyword and advanced searching options have been used to retrieve the relevant literature on the topic from peer-reviewed and scholarly resources. Findings Changes are the result of organizational restructuring, user expectations and accessibility to a growing range of digital content, so library professionals are under pressure to adopt change in academic libraries and introduce new services and technology. Library professionals need to change traditional ways of working and boost their knowledge and skills, collaborative attitude, redesign and policies and procedures and create a willingness to adapt to the change. Challenges can be managed if an individual has a keen interest and eagerness to keep up to date with the current knowledge and emerging trends in academic libraries. Research limitations/implications Appropriate literature on the topic was reviewed systematically, not all publications were included. Literature on this topic is relatively limited so more research and publications are needed to deal with current and future scenarios of academic libraries. Practical implications This paper offers a useful overview of the ways and approaches used to adopting change by library professionals and the approaches that can be used in the current and future settings of academic libraries. Suggestions and recommendations can be used in the field of LIS, as well as library professionals may apply in the academic and research libraries to effectively change. Originality/value This paper focuses on the concept of adapting to change in academic libraries, rather than responding to change. This piece of opinion contributes to library science in the area of how to manage and implement change, suggests ways and frameworks which can be used to adopting change by library professionals.

State Policy and Research Initiatives Focused on Improving Nursing Workforce An Integrative Literature Review

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-112
Author(s):  
Alexia Green ◽  
Aileen Kishi ◽  
M. Christina R. Esperat
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Outcomes Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
System Level ◽  
Nursing Workforce ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Workforce Issues ◽  
Research And Policy

The purpose of this chapter is to examine to and synthesize nursing workforce research and policy initiatives at the state level. An integrative literature review was systematically conducted using Ganong's Stages of an Integrative Research Review (1987). Searches were limited to English-language publications in the years from 2000 to 2010 which focused on workforce issues in the United States. A total of 155 published articles were included in this review. Overall, the literature indicated that significant research is examining nursing workforce issues and that states are actively engaged in policy initiatives to address nursing workforce issues, particularly those related to a shortage of nurses and faculty. The findings also indicated a major disconnect between nursing workforce research and patient outcomes research. Recommendations include connecting research and policy links between nursing workforce research and patient outcomes research and creating clear correlations to system-level determinants of quality. Additional implications for further research are provided which include the important role of nurse researchers in connecting nursing care and nurse staffing to processes and outcome measures, which demonstrate the financial impact upon health care.

Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Inpatient Hospital Settings: A Systematic Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1209-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittin Wagner ◽  
Gregory A. Filice ◽  
Dimitri Drekonja ◽  
Nancy Greer ◽  
Roderick MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
English Language ◽  
Guideline Implementation ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Audit And Feedback ◽  
Cochrane Library

ObjectiveEvaluate the evidence for effects of inpatient antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) on patient, prescribing, and microbial outcomes.DesignSystematic review.MethodsSearch of MEDLINE (2000 through November 2013), Cochrane Library, and reference lists of relevant studies. We included English language studies with patient populations relevant to the United States (ie, infectious conditions and prescriptions required for antimicrobials) that evaluated ASP interventions and reported outcomes of interest. Study characteristics and outcomes data were extracted and reviewed by investigators and trained research personnel.ResultsFew intervention types (eg, audit and feedback, guideline implementation, and decision support) substantially impacted patient outcomes, including mortality, length of stay, readmission, or incidence ofClostridium difficileinfection. However, most interventions were not powered adequately to demonstrate impacts on patient outcomes. Most interventions were associated with improved prescribing patterns as measured by decreased antimicrobial use or increased appropriate use. Where reported, ASPs were generally associated with improvements in microbial outcomes, including institutional resistance patterns or resistance in the study population. Few data were provided on harms, sustainability, or key intervention components. Studies were typically of short duration, low in methodological quality, and varied in study design, populations enrolled, hospital setting, ASP intent, intervention composition and implementation, comparison group, and outcomes assessed.ConclusionsNumerous studies suggest that ASPs can improve prescribing and microbial outcomes. Strength of evidence was low, and most studies were not designed adequately to detect improvements in mortality or other patient outcomes, but obvious adverse effects on patient outcomes were not reported.

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