scholarly journals Performance and economic analysis of the production of Nile tilapia submitted to different feeding management

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4481
Author(s):  
Érica Bevitorio Passinato ◽  
Francisco Oliveira de Magalhães Junior ◽  
Filipe Dos Santos Cipriano ◽  
Ricardo Henriquede Bastos Souza ◽  
Kauana Santos de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Costs Of Production ◽  
Cost Of Production

<p>The productive performance and the variable cost of production were evaluated for different feeding strategies for tilapia during the production cycle. A sample of 2,000 juvenile tilapia was distributed (23.55 ± 2.38 g) into five treatments and with four repetitions as follows: C (feed consumption to apparent satiety), R20 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 20 g), R200 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 200 g), R400 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 400 g) and R600 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 600 g). The fish were given extruded commercial feed containing 34% crude protein until they reached a weight of 200 g, at which time they received feed containing 32% crude protein. Monthly biometrics were performed in order to determine the food restriction starting point, which was one day of restriction followed by six feeding days. The following parameters were evaluated: water quality, productive performance variables, the variable costs of production and excreted nitrogen. The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey’s test (5% significance). No statistical differences were observed in final weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion or survival. The fish from the R20 treatment had the lowest variable cost of production (g fish-1) and the lowest nitrogen excretion into the water. This suggests that feed restriction from the early stages of life does not compromise the productive performance and contributes to reducing the variable costs and the quantity of nitrogen excreted into the environment. Thus, a one-day per week feed restriction strategy can be applied from the earliest stages of life without compromising the productive performance or body composition of Nile tilapia. This strategy can also reduce variable costs of production by means of reducing relative labour and feed costs. </p>

scholarly journals Performance and economic analysis of the production of Nile tilapia submitted to different feeding management

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4481
Author(s):  
Érica Bevitorio Passinato ◽  
Francisco Oliveira de Magalhães Junior ◽  
Filipe Dos Santos Cipriano ◽  
Ricardo Henriquede Bastos Souza ◽  
Kauana Santos de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Costs Of Production ◽  
Cost Of Production

The productive performance and the variable cost of production were evaluated for different feeding strategies for tilapia during the production cycle. A sample of 2,000 juvenile tilapia was distributed (23.55 ± 2.38 g) into five treatments and with four repetitions as follows: C (feed consumption to apparent satiety), R20 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 20 g), R200 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 200 g), R400 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 400 g) and R600 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 600 g). The fish were given extruded commercial feed containing 34% crude protein until they reached a weight of 200 g, at which time they received feed containing 32% crude protein. Monthly biometrics were performed in order to determine the food restriction starting point, which was one day of restriction followed by six feeding days. The following parameters were evaluated: water quality, productive performance variables, the variable costs of production and excreted nitrogen. The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey’s test (5% significance). No statistical differences were observed in final weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion or survival. The fish from the R20 treatment had the lowest variable cost of production (g fish-1) and the lowest nitrogen excretion into the water. This suggests that feed restriction from the early stages of life does not compromise the productive performance and contributes to reducing the variable costs and the quantity of nitrogen excreted into the environment. Thus, a one-day per week feed restriction strategy can be applied from the earliest stages of life without compromising the productive performance or body composition of Nile tilapia. This strategy can also reduce variable costs of production by means of reducing relative labour and feed costs.

Pengaruh Penambahan Bungkil Kedelai terhadap Konsumsi Pakan, Pertambahan Bobot Badan Harian, dan Konversi Pakan pada Sapi Peranakan Simmental

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rico Rico ◽  
Novi Eka Wati ◽  
Adisti Rastosari
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
T Test ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Protein Consumption ◽  
Simmental Cattle

The objective of the researh was to study the effect of additions soybean meal in ration on the feed consumption, daily weight gain and feed convertion in Simmental cattle. The experiment used eight male Simmental cattle around 2 years old with an average weight of 198,65 ± 14,57 kilograms. The cattle kept for 35 days and given rations P0 (rations ranchers) and P1 (rations plus soybean meal). Data was obtained, then analyzed using independent sample t-test assisted with SPSS version 17.00 software. The result showed that the addition of soybean meal did not affect on dry matter consumption, daily weight gain, and feed convertion but, the crude protein consumption was increased. Keywords: dry matter consumption, daily weight gain, feed convertion

scholarly journals Efecto de diferentes niveles lipídicos y proteicos en la dieta sobre el desempeño productivo de juveniles del pez ángel o escalar (Pterophyllum scalare)

Respuestas ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Lina Isabel Arevalo Ibarra ◽  
Issamar Suarez Garcia ◽  
Camilo Ernesto Guerrero Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Nutritional Requirement ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Specific Growth Rates ◽  
Pterophyllum Scalare

Antecedentes: Actualmente, en nuestro país los peces ornamentales son un segmento importante de la piscicultura nacional,siendo el pez ángel o escalar (Pterophyllum scalare), una de las especies cultivadas más popular y apetecida en el mundo de acuariofilia, gracias a su belleza, majestuosidad y forma estilizada. Sin embargo, son pocos los autores que han estudiado sus exigencias nutricionales en términos de niveles lipídicos y proteicos. Objetivo: La presente investigación evaluó seis dietas, conformadas por la combinación de dos niveles de extracto etéreo (EE) 9 y 11 % y de tres niveles de proteína bruta (PB) 32, 34 y 36 %, para determinar su efecto sobre el desempeño productivo y la sobrevivencia de juveniles de pez escalar (P. scalare). Metodología: Fueron usados 324 juveniles de P. scalare con peso promedio de 753,5 ± 0,14 mg, los cuales fueron distribuidos en 18 acuarios con volumen de 105L, a una densidad de 18 peces/acuario y alimentados al 6% de la biomasa. Resultados: los hallazgos mostraron que un nivel 32% de proteína bruta en la dieta no afecta la sobrevivencia, pero si el desempeño productivo (p<0,05), y que niveles de 34 ó 36% de PB lo mejoran. También se evidencio que no hubo diferencia estadística (P>0,05) entre los dos niveles (9 y 11%) de extracto etéreo utilizados en las dietas. Conclusión: Se concluye que dietas para juveniles de esta especie, que contengan 32% de PB pueden afectar el desempeño productivo en términos de baja ganancia de peso, alta conver- sión alimenticia y bajas tasas específicas de crecimiento y de eficiencia proteica.PALABRAS CLAVE: Acuariofilia, pez ornamental, requeri- miento nutricional, tasa especifica de crecimiento, tasa de eficiencia proteica.Background: Currently, ornamental fish are an important element of the pisciculture in our country, with Angelfish(Pterophyllum scalare), being one of the most popular and desired cultured species in the fishkeeping field, given its beauty, majesty and stylized form. However, few authors have studied their nutritional requirements in terms of lipid and protein levels. Objective: This research evaluated six diets, formed by the combination of two levels of crude fat (CF) 9 and 11% and three levels of crude protein (CP) 32, 34 and 36%, to determine its effect on productive performance and the survival of juvenile angelfish (P. scalare). Methodology: 324 juveniles of P. scalare with average weight of 753.5 ± 0.14 mg were randomized in 18 aquariums with volume of 105L, a density of 18 fish/aquarium and fed to 6% of the biomass. Results: We found that a 32% level of crude protein in the diet did not affect the survival, but affected the productive performance (p <0.05), and that levels of 34 or 36% of CP improve it. It was also evidenced that there was no statistical difference (P> 0.05) between the two levels (9 and 11%) of the crude fat used in the diets. Conclusion: It is concluded that diets for juveniles of this species, containing 32% PB can affect the productive performance in terms of low weight gain, high feed conversion and low specific growth rates and protein efficiency.KEYWORDS:Fishkeeping, ornamen- tal fish, nutritional requirement, specific growth rate, protein efficiency rate

scholarly journals Influence of timing and duration of feed restriction on growth and economic performance of finisher broiler chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (55) ◽  
pp. 6976-6986
Author(s):  
OA Makinde ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Cost Of Production

The study investigated different feed restriction programs during an 8-week broiler chicken growing cycle as a management strategy for reducing cost of production. Initially, 90 Hubbard day-old chicks fed ad libitum a commercial starter feed supplying 24% crude protein and 3000 kcal of ME/kg for 4 weeks. Thereafter, they were randomly allotted to five different feed restriction programs (R0, R5, R56, R67 and R57) utilizing finisher diets supplying 19% crude protein and 2850 kcal of ME/kg from 5-8 weeks. Each program had three replicates and six birds per replicate. Unrestricted (R0) was the control where birds fed ad libitum. In R5, birds were restricted the 5th week; R56, 5th and 6th weeks; R67, 6th and 7th weeks, and R57, 5th and 7th weeks. However, all the feed-restricted birds fed ad libitum in the 8th week. Feed restriction involved feeding one-third feed intake of R0 birds starting from 14.00 to 18.00 h daily and performance parameters recorded. Feed restriction negatively affected growth performance as the severity of restriction increased. Final body weight, carcass weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake were similar (P>0.05) for R0 and R5 but higher than R56, R67 and R57. However, feed restriction did not significantly affect (P>0.05) carcass and breast yields or feed conversion ratio except for R67, the least (P<0.05) feed efficient. Feed cost, cost of production and revenue declined as the period of restriction increased. However, profit or profit/kg live weight, economic efficiency (EE) of feed and relative EE of feed were highest for R0 followed by R5, R56, R57 and R67 in that order. Generally, birds restricted for 1 week performed better than those restricted for 2 weeks and birds restricted continuously for 2 weeks before the last week of re-alimentation and slaughter were inferior to others. These results suggest that the duration and timing of feed restriction can reduce cost in broiler meat production without seriously affecting performance or economics of production depending on the restriction program applied.

scholarly journals Reduction of crude protein in diets fed to lactating Holstein-Gyr cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 858-865
Author(s):  
Clóvis Ribeiro Guimarães ◽  
Rafael Alves de Azevedo ◽  
Mariana Magalhães Campos ◽  
Fernanda Samarini Machado ◽  
Alexandre Mendonça Pedroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of reducing crude protein (CP) contents in diets with a constant metabolizable protein content on the intake, performance, nitrogen balance, and nutrient digestibility of lactating Holstein-Gyr cows. Animals (n = 24, 103±23 days in milk) were allocated to four treatments (n = 6 per group) with different CP contents: 127, 132, 139, and 156 g kg-1 dry matter (DM). DM intake was not affected by treatments. CP intake and digestibility increased linearly with higher CP contents. Milk yield (23.7±3 kg per day) and the percentages of milk protein (3.3±0.2%) and fat (3.8±0.5%) were not affected by CP reduction. Milk and blood urea nitrogen increased linearly with the increase of CP in the diet, similarly to urinary nitrogen excretion. Nitrogen use efficiency was 29.8 and 22.4% when CP was 127 and 156 g kg-1 DM, respectively. Reducing CP in diets fed to mid-lactating Holstein-Gyr cows increases nitrogen use efficiency and maintains the productive performance of the cows.

scholarly journals Levels and degradability of crude protein in digestive metabolism and performance of dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. e168157
Author(s):  
Bruna Gomes Alves ◽  
Cristian Marlon de Magalhães Rodrigues Martins ◽  
Dannylo de Oliveira Sousa ◽  
Marcos André Arcari ◽  
Francisco Palma Rennó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
N Concentration

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of the level and degradability of crude protein (CP) on the digestive metabolism and productive performance of dairy cows. In both experiments, 15 Holstein cows with 585 ± 40 kg of body weight were distributed in a Latin square design with five contemporary squares, three periods of 21 days and three treatments. In experiment 1, treatments consisted of three CP levels (130, 160 or 180 g CP/kg DM), while in experiment 2, the treatments consisted of three levels of rumen degradable protein (RDP; 80, 100 or 120 g RDP/kg DM) in diets with average of 163 g CP/kg DM. Variables evaluated in both experiments were dry matter intake (DMI), total apparent digestibility, milk yield (MY) and composition, ruminal fermentation and N balance. In experiment 1, the increase of CP from 130 to 180 linearly increased the organic matter, CP, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake (kg) and the apparent total digestibility coefficient of DM and CP. In addition, a linear increase of MY, fat corrected milk (FCM) and daily production of fat, protein, lactose, casein and total solids was observed. A linear increase in ruminal ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration and nitrogen excretion in milk, feces and urine was also observed. However, there was no observed effect on SCFA concentration. In experiment 2, the increase of the RDP from 80 to 120 increased the DMI, MY, FCM, milk protein content and digestibility coefficient of the NDF, ADF and ethereal extract. Additionally, there was an increase in NH3-N concentration and milk nitrogen excretion. The studies indicated that the increase of CP content up to 100 g RDP/kg DM increased the DMI and the productive performance of the cows, but also increased urine N. Thus, it is desirable that the increase of the CP through the increase of the RDP is carried out up to 100 g of RDP/kg DM, since there is elimination of nitrogen, decrease of milk yield and decrease of propionic acid in values above that level.

scholarly journals Selenium supplementation levels and sources in postlarvae Nile tilapia diet

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-628
Author(s):  
João Marcos Monteiro Batista ◽  
◽  
Leonardo Augusto Fonseca Pascoal ◽  
José Humberto Vilar da Silva ◽  
Veruska Dilyanne Silva Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Average Weight

Fish larviculture exert great influence in the subsequent phases, in which nutrition is a basic prerequisite for success. Therefore, when it is in an intensified production system, it promotes the limitation of some minerals, making it necessary to supplement selenium in diets for post-larvae. The objective of this study was to evaluate selenium levels and sources in post-larvae Nile tilapia diets on muscle performance and histology. A total of 1,260 post-larvae with an initial average weight of 0.010 g were used, distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme with four supplementation levels (0.6; 0.9; 1.2 and 1.5 mg of Se/Kg) and two sources (sodium selenite and selenium yeast), plus the negative control, with 35 post-larvae Nile tilapia used per experimental unit. The physical-chemical parameters of water quality were within those recommended for tilapia cultivation. Feed consumption (p < 0.05) and hepatosomatic index (p < 0.05) were affected by the source used. Effects of supplemented selenium levels and sources were not observed for the other performance variables. Higher values for final height, final width, specific development rate and protein efficiency rate were found (p < 0.05) when comparing the control diet with diets containing the sodium selenite source. No effects on muscle fiber morphometry were observed (p > 0.05) in the studied variables. It is concluded that 0.6 mg of selenium in the diet, regardless of the source used, met the mineral requirement for post-larvae Nile tilapia.

scholarly journals Fish protein hydrolysate in diets for Nile tilapia post-larvae

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 485-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiberio Carvalho da Silva ◽  
Joana D’Arc Mauricio Rocha ◽  
Pedro Moreira ◽  
Altevir Signor ◽  
Wilson Rogerio Boscolo
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
Fish Protein Hydrolysate

Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of crude protein, crude energy, fat, and dry matter of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH), made of by-products of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and whole sardines (Cetengraulis edentulus), and to evaluate the productive performance and muscle fiber growth of Nile tilapia post-larvae. Two trials were conducted, the first one to determine the digestibility in 120 fingerlings (70.0±2.0 g), and the second one to evaluate the productive performance of 375 post-larvae, with three days of age, which were distributed in 25 aquaria with 30 L of useful volume. Five diets were prepared based on vegetable ingredients, to which fish were included at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% FPH. For the evaluation of muscle growth, eight fish of each experimental unit were used. The ADC values found were: 98.29% for dry matter; 99.28% for crude protein; and 99.13% for gross energy. The best zootechnical response for the productive performance resulted from the treatment with the inclusion of fish hydrolysate at 4.75%. The diets affected the frequency of the muscle fiber diameters, mainly the growth by hyperplasia. FPH can be efficiently used, and its inclusion at 4.75% is indicated in the diets for Nile tilapia in the post-larvae stage.

scholarly journals Digestibility and performance of juvenile Nile tilapia fed with diets containing forage palm

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2417
Author(s):  
Hannah Bandeira Thame Daniel ◽  
Filipe Dos Santos Cipriano ◽  
Kauana Santos de Lima ◽  
Ivan Bezerra Allaman ◽  
William Cristiane Teles Tonini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Apparent Digestibility Coefficient ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
And Performance

Supplying the nutritional needs of animals in an economical way is essential to the success of any type of production. The forage palm is a cactaceae well-adapted to semiarid regions and commonly used in the feeding of ruminants. However, studies assessing its use in fishes are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the digestibility of bran from five different forage palm cultivars (Opuntia fícus) in juvenile Nile tilapia and the development of juveniles when receiving increasing levels of the cultivar with the best apparent digestibility coefficient of crude protein (ADCCP) (75.2%). We used 90 masculinized juvenile Nile tilapia (with an average weight of 6.02 ± 0.65 g) in the digestibility experiment to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter (ADCDM), crude energy (ADCCP), and crude protein of the cultivars (Orelha de onça, Miúda, Gigante, Comum, and IPA 20). The experimental design was completely randomized (CRD) with five treatments and three repetitions. In the development experiment, 300 masculinized juvenile Nile tilapia (with average weight of 1.39 ± 0.12 g) received feed with different inclusion levels (0, 72, 144, and 216 g Kg-1) of IPA 20 palm bran in a CRD with four treatments and five repetitions. We observed significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) for ADCDM and ADCCP between the treatments. The cultivars that presented the highest ADCDM were IPA 20 (41.75%), Orelha de onça (36.41%), and Gigante (32.59%). For ADCCP, the best cultivar was IPA 20 with 75.2%, followed by Orelha de onça (61.5%), and Miúda (56.1%). As for the performance, the inclusion of IPA 20 palm bran at a rate of 113 g/kg-1 provided the best values in terms of weight gain and final weight in juvenile Nile tilapia.

scholarly journals Organic Soybean Meal in Diet for Nile Tilapia

Agrarian ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (42) ◽  
pp. 352-362
Author(s):  
Flávia Renata Potrich Signor ◽  
Arcangelo Augusto Signor ◽  
Aldi Feiden ◽  
Dacley Herts Neu ◽  
Juliana Alice Losch Nervis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Digestible Protein

Aiming to assess organic soybean meal (OSM) for Nile tilapia, two studies were carried out: Study I - digestibility of OSM compared to conventional soybean meal (CSM) for Nile tilapia; and Study II - effect of OSM and CSM, supplemented or not with fish meal (FM) on the performance of Nile tilapia fingerlings. The apparent digestibility coefficients of the protein were 88.24 and 88.10%, resulting in 39.91 and 39.87% digestible protein for OSM and CSM, respectively. The apparent digestibility coefficients of energy were 75.92 and 70.48%, resulting in 3579.46 and 3141.44 kcal kg-1 of digestible energy for OSM and CSM, respectively. The diet containing CSM+FM presented the best results for final weight and weight gain. However, the highest levels of crude protein in the fish carcass were observed in the animals fed with the OSM + FM diet. The OSM diet presented the best results for total protein and albumin in the blood. The OSM diet has good apparent digestibility coefficients and its use in tilapia feeding presents a satisfactory productive performance and a higher deposition of protein in the carcass when supplemented with 20% of fish meal.

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