scholarly journals Selenium supplementation levels and sources in postlarvae Nile tilapia diet

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-628
Author(s):  
João Marcos Monteiro Batista ◽  
◽  
Leonardo Augusto Fonseca Pascoal ◽  
José Humberto Vilar da Silva ◽  
Veruska Dilyanne Silva Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Average Weight

Fish larviculture exert great influence in the subsequent phases, in which nutrition is a basic prerequisite for success. Therefore, when it is in an intensified production system, it promotes the limitation of some minerals, making it necessary to supplement selenium in diets for post-larvae. The objective of this study was to evaluate selenium levels and sources in post-larvae Nile tilapia diets on muscle performance and histology. A total of 1,260 post-larvae with an initial average weight of 0.010 g were used, distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme with four supplementation levels (0.6; 0.9; 1.2 and 1.5 mg of Se/Kg) and two sources (sodium selenite and selenium yeast), plus the negative control, with 35 post-larvae Nile tilapia used per experimental unit. The physical-chemical parameters of water quality were within those recommended for tilapia cultivation. Feed consumption (p < 0.05) and hepatosomatic index (p < 0.05) were affected by the source used. Effects of supplemented selenium levels and sources were not observed for the other performance variables. Higher values for final height, final width, specific development rate and protein efficiency rate were found (p < 0.05) when comparing the control diet with diets containing the sodium selenite source. No effects on muscle fiber morphometry were observed (p > 0.05) in the studied variables. It is concluded that 0.6 mg of selenium in the diet, regardless of the source used, met the mineral requirement for post-larvae Nile tilapia.

scholarly journals Yeast extract plus blood plasma in diets for piglets from 36 to 60 days old

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107-1112
Author(s):  
Cinthia Maria Carlos Pereira ◽  
Juarez Lopes Donzele ◽  
Rita Flávia Miranda de Oliveira Donzele ◽  
Charles Kiefer ◽  
Verônica Maria Pereira Bernardino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Performance Variables

ABSTRACT: To evaluate inclusion levels and residual effects of diets containing yeast extract (YE) plus blood plasma (BP) on the performance of 36 to 60-days old piglets, 105 piglets were used (8.75±0.72kg), and they were distributed under a randomized block experimental design with five treatments (control - 2.0% BP; 1.0% BP plus 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, or 3.0% YE), seven repetitions, and three animals per experimental unit. Piglets were given experimental diets from 36 to 49 days of age. From 50 to 60 day of age, all piglets received the same diet. No effects from treatments (P>0.10) were observed on the performance variables from 36 to 49 day of age. From 50 to 60 day of age, an effect was observed from YE levels on the daily feed consumption (P<0.03), daily weight gain (p<0.01), and final weight (P<0.06), which increased quadratically up to 1.67, 1.67, and 1.55% YE levels, respectively. Piglets which were fed with the diet containing 1.0% BP + 2.0% YE were observed to have better feed conversion ratios (P<0.01) as compared to the control diet (2.0% BP). As it provides a better residual effect, the inclusion of 1.67% yeast extract may replace 50% of blood plasma in 36 to 49-days old piglet diets.

Peanut Skins as a Natural Antimicrobial Feed Additive to Reduce the Transmission of Salmonella in Poultry Meat Produced for Human Consumption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Redhead ◽  
Fur Fatin Inazlina Noor Azman ◽  
Anis Izzaty Nasaruddin ◽  
Thien Vu ◽  
Fernanda Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Peanut Skin ◽  
Peanut Skins

Salmonella is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne zoonoses in humans. Thus, the development of strategies to control bacterial pathogens in poultry is essential. Peanut skins, a considerable waste by-product of the peanut industry is discarded and of little economic value. However, peanut skins contain polyphenolic compounds identified that have antimicrobial properties. Hence, we aim to investigate the use of peanut skins as an antibacterial feed additive in the diets of broilers to prevent the proliferation of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE). One hundred sixty male hatchlings (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to, (1) PS: peanut skin diet without SE inoculation (2) PSSE: peanut skin diet and SE inoculation 3) CON: control diet without SE inoculation (4) CONSE: control diet with SE inoculation. Feed intake and body weights were determined at week 0 and 5. On days 10 and 24 post hatch, 3 birds/pen (24 total) from each treatment group were euthanized and the liver, spleen, small intestine, and ceca were collected. The weights of the liver, spleen and ceca were recorded. Organ invasion was determined by counting SE colonies. Each pen served as an experimental unit and was analyzed using a t-test. Performance data was analyzed in a completely randomized design using a general linear mixed model to evaluate differences. There were no significant differences ( P &gt; 0.05) in weekly average pen body weight, total feed consumption, bird weight gain and feed conversion ratio between the treatment groups. There were no significant differences in SE CFU/g for fecal, litter or feed between treatment groups CONSE and PSSE. However, for both fecal and litter, the PSSE treatment group tended (P ≤0.1) to have a lower Salmonella CFU/g compared to the CONSE treatment group. The results indicate that peanut skins may have potential application as an antimicrobial feed additive to reduce the transmission or proliferation of SE in poultry environments or flocks.

scholarly journals Performance and economic analysis of the production of Nile tilapia submitted to different feeding management

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4481
Author(s):  
Érica Bevitorio Passinato ◽  
Francisco Oliveira de Magalhães Junior ◽  
Filipe Dos Santos Cipriano ◽  
Ricardo Henriquede Bastos Souza ◽  
Kauana Santos de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Costs Of Production ◽  
Cost Of Production

<p>The productive performance and the variable cost of production were evaluated for different feeding strategies for tilapia during the production cycle. A sample of 2,000 juvenile tilapia was distributed (23.55 ± 2.38 g) into five treatments and with four repetitions as follows: C (feed consumption to apparent satiety), R20 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 20 g), R200 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 200 g), R400 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 400 g) and R600 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 600 g). The fish were given extruded commercial feed containing 34% crude protein until they reached a weight of 200 g, at which time they received feed containing 32% crude protein. Monthly biometrics were performed in order to determine the food restriction starting point, which was one day of restriction followed by six feeding days. The following parameters were evaluated: water quality, productive performance variables, the variable costs of production and excreted nitrogen. The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey’s test (5% significance). No statistical differences were observed in final weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion or survival. The fish from the R20 treatment had the lowest variable cost of production (g fish-1) and the lowest nitrogen excretion into the water. This suggests that feed restriction from the early stages of life does not compromise the productive performance and contributes to reducing the variable costs and the quantity of nitrogen excreted into the environment. Thus, a one-day per week feed restriction strategy can be applied from the earliest stages of life without compromising the productive performance or body composition of Nile tilapia. This strategy can also reduce variable costs of production by means of reducing relative labour and feed costs. </p>

scholarly journals Performance and economic analysis of the production of Nile tilapia submitted to different feeding management

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4481
Author(s):  
Érica Bevitorio Passinato ◽  
Francisco Oliveira de Magalhães Junior ◽  
Filipe Dos Santos Cipriano ◽  
Ricardo Henriquede Bastos Souza ◽  
Kauana Santos de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Costs Of Production ◽  
Cost Of Production

The productive performance and the variable cost of production were evaluated for different feeding strategies for tilapia during the production cycle. A sample of 2,000 juvenile tilapia was distributed (23.55 ± 2.38 g) into five treatments and with four repetitions as follows: C (feed consumption to apparent satiety), R20 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 20 g), R200 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 200 g), R400 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 400 g) and R600 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 600 g). The fish were given extruded commercial feed containing 34% crude protein until they reached a weight of 200 g, at which time they received feed containing 32% crude protein. Monthly biometrics were performed in order to determine the food restriction starting point, which was one day of restriction followed by six feeding days. The following parameters were evaluated: water quality, productive performance variables, the variable costs of production and excreted nitrogen. The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey’s test (5% significance). No statistical differences were observed in final weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion or survival. The fish from the R20 treatment had the lowest variable cost of production (g fish-1) and the lowest nitrogen excretion into the water. This suggests that feed restriction from the early stages of life does not compromise the productive performance and contributes to reducing the variable costs and the quantity of nitrogen excreted into the environment. Thus, a one-day per week feed restriction strategy can be applied from the earliest stages of life without compromising the productive performance or body composition of Nile tilapia. This strategy can also reduce variable costs of production by means of reducing relative labour and feed costs.

scholarly journals Supplementation of Curcuma longa hydrolate improves immunomodulatory response in Nile tilapia reared in a recirculation aquaculture system

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1805-1812
Author(s):  
M.O. Pereira ◽  
A.V. Moraes ◽  
J.C.B. Rodhermel ◽  
J.D. Hess ◽  
L. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Aquaculture System ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Recirculation Aquaculture System ◽  
Haematological Analysis ◽  
Different Doses

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with different doses of Curcuma longa hydrolate on the hematological, immunological and zootechnical parameters of Nile tilapia cultivated in a recirculation system (RAS). Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were used, distributed in 16 polyethylene boxes, divided into four treatments: 0.0%; 2.5%; 7.5% and 10.0% of Curcuma longa hydrolate, in quadruplicate. After 45 days of treatment, four fish per experimental unit were anesthetized to remove blood aliquot for hematological and immunological analyzes and dissect the liver to evaluate the hepatosomatic index and final biometry. In the haematological analysis, the fish fed with 2.5% had a higher number of leukocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes than control, while the doses of 7.5% and 10.0% did not differ. Antimicrobial activity showed a significant decrease as the dose of C. longa hydrolate increased. The other hematological, immunological, hepatosomatic index and zootechnical data did not differ between treatments. Thus, supplementation of the hydrolate of Curcuma longa at a dosage of 2.5%, improved and maintained blood-immune homeostasis parameters in these animals, being suggested for further studies.

scholarly journals Azolla as an Economic Substitute to Soybean Based Feed for Poultry

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-625
Author(s):  
Dev Raj Paudel ◽  
Pramila Dhakal ◽  
Kailash P. Timsina ◽  
Ananta Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Economic Point

A study on azolla as an economical substitute to soybean based poultry feed was conducted. The experiment consisted of four treatments laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five replications. Each experimental unit consisted of three birds. For this purpose, eight-day old, unsexed Hubbard broiler chicks were weighed and randomly assigned to each treatment. Four different levels of azolla meal were incorporated in the starter and finisher ration at a level of 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20% respectively. Body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, and feed efficiency were measured. The average cumulative weekly body weight for all weeks were found to be significantly different (P<0.05) for the various treatments. Maximum cumulative body weight (1360 g) was found in broiler fed T2 ration in 5th week. Similar trend was also observed in 6th week showing highest cumulative weight (1882 g) in control diet (T1) which was at par with T2 (1841 g). Significantly highest (420.3 g) live weight gain was observed in T2 diet during 5th week. Overall mean of weekly feed consumption was recorded highest (784.33 g) in T2 diet. The economic analysis of net income/kg live weight was the highest (Rs 18.86) in T1 which was at par with T2 (Rs 18.35). Likewise, cost of production/bird was highest (Rs 124.5) in T1 and lowest (Rs 112.2) in T4. The results show that azolla meal could be utilized to substitute up to 10% soybean meal from overall production and economic point of view.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(4): 619-625

scholarly journals Investigation of the Effect of Maize Substitution with Fermented Cashew Apple Residue on Broiler Chicken Growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-400
Author(s):  
Adedayo M. OYETAYO ◽  
Faith I. AKINNIBOSUN
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cashew Apple

In this study, the effect of substitution of maize with fermented cashew apple residue (CAR) on the growth of broiler chicken was investigated. Cashew apple residue was subjected to fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum, and then used to formulate broiler starter diet by substituting/mixing it with maize in the ratios 0:100, 50:50 and 100:0 for maize and CAR respectively. The diet was fed to four groups of day old broilers for six weeks during which feed intake and weight gained were monitored. The bacterial count increased from 5.6 × 106 at the beginning of the fermentation to 31.5 × 106 cfu/g at 72 hr. Also, the pH of the CAR was reduced gradually over the 72 hours period of fermentation coupled with increase in the total titratable acidity. The nutritional composition analyses of the compounded diets showed no significant difference (p≤0.05) between the crude protein content of the formulated feed (21.02±0.15 - 21.12±0.15%) and the commercially available feed (21.50±0.00). However, the crude fibre content of the control (3.10±0.00) was lower than the content of the formulated diets. After feeding the chicks for two weeks, there was no significant difference in the average weight gained by the chicks fed the control diet and those fed with fermented CAR-based feeds. The cumulative feed consumption in the groups ranged from 2.57 kg (diet C) to 2.91 kg (diet A). These results suggest that fermented CAR may be used as alternative to maize in broiler feed formulation

scholarly journals Utilization Of Poultry By-Product Meal As An Alternative Animal Protein Source In The Diet Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ahmed EO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Made In

This study was conducted to determine the possibility of using Poultry by-Product Meal (PBM) as an animal protein source for feeding Nile tilapia fry and determining its optimum inclusion level. The study continued for 8 weeks in four 300-liter fiberglass tanks. Each tank was stocked with 40 fry of an average weight of 4.4 g. Fish in the first tank were fed a control diet without (PBM), whereas the fish in the second, third and fourth tanks were fed diets containing 5%, 10% and 15% PBM, respectively. Diets were formulated according to their protein contents, and each contained 35% protein. The diets were made in the form of pellets

The Use of Blood Flour as a Substitute for Fish Meal in Feed of BEST Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Feri Supriadi ◽  
Rosmawati Rosmawati ◽  
Titin Kurniasih
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Food Efficiency

This research was aimed to determine the optimum level of inclusion of blood flour in feed formulaton of Nile Tilapia as a substitute for fish meal. The materials of this research are a feed and Nile Tilapia with an average weight of 17 g of a total of 120 fingerling. The experiment design has been conducted  were completely random design with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments are the substitution of fish meal with the blood flour of  0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Spesific growth rate, the mount of feed consumption, food efficiency,  survival rate, and water quality has been evaluated.  The results of research showed that spesific growth rate  and food efficiency were significantly different between treatments (P<0.05), and the highest of spesific growth rate  and food efficiency there are on treatment D (the substitution of fish meal with the blood flour of 75%) each 1.75% and 63.45%. The lowest of spesific growth rate  and food efficiency there are on treatment A (the substitution of fish meal with the blood flour of  0%) each 1.42% and 48.98%. The blood fluor as a substitution of fish meal in artificial feed for Nile Tilapia can substitute the fish meal of 100% with level of inclusion of  9% in feed formulation. The combination between the blood fluor and fish meal give the best of  growth performance and feed efficiency. Key words: Nile Tilapia, feed efficiency, survival rate, growth rate

scholarly journals Productive parameters of growing lambs fed an extruded ration with different roughage: concentrate ratios

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3641
Author(s):  
Karla Alves Oliveira ◽  
Gilberto de Lima Macedo Júnior ◽  
Carolina Moreira Araújo ◽  
Marco Tulio Santos Siqueira ◽  
Maria Júlia Pereira de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Average Weight

Feed consumption has a great influence on the growth and performance of animals since the intake of dry matter supplies the quantity of nutrients that are necessary to meet the maintenance and production requirements of these animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dry matter intake, body growth, weight gain and carcass characteristics (by ultrasonography) of lambs fed an extruded ration at different roughage (R): concentrate (C) ratios. Thirty mixed race (Santa Inês x Dorper) lambs, aged 3 months and with an average weight of 20 kg, were used. The treatments consisted of an extruded ration in 30R:70C and 70R:30C ratios, completely randomised to 2 treatments and 15 replicates. The means of the variables were evaluated using a Tukey test and a regression at the 5% significance level. Dry matter intake (DMI), weight gain, body growth, evaluated through biometric measurements, and carcass characteristics, evaluated by ultrasonography, were assessed. There was a reduction of DMI in relation to body weight during the experimental period, with lower DMI amongst the animals in the 30R:70C treatment. There was a quadratic effect for the growth variables hindlimb height, forelimb height, body length, thoracic and barrel circumference over time, indicating that the animals presented adequate body growth, with intense development during the experimental period and stabilisation at the end of the experiment. There was no difference in the animals' weight gain, with an average daily gain of 182.79 g day-1. There was a difference in carcass characteristics throughout the evaluation period, with a larger loin eye area, body condition score and subcutaneous fat thickness at the end of the experimental period. The use of an extruded ration with a 30% roughage and 70% concentrate ratio promotes better feed efficiency in lambs, since it achieved the same weight gain and body development with lower dry matter intake.

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