scholarly journals Nutritional value of pre-dried banana tree pseudostem ammoniated with protected urea

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1345
Author(s):  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽  
Nathália Gonçalves de Jesus ◽  
Eleuza Clarete Junqueira de Sales ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
Alexandre Soares dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Doses

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, pH and rumen degradability of banana tree pseudostems pre-dried and ammoniated with different doses of urea (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% in natural matter). The experiment consisted of five treatments (doses of urea) with six replications, following a completely randomized design. There was a linear increase in the pH (P < 0.01) of the banana tree pseudostems pre dried with the inclusion of urea. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in dry matter, ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, non-fibrous carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients; the averages were 31.58, 18.82, 46.43, 9.30, 11.87 and 42.52%, respectively. The inclusion of 2% urea increased the crude protein content (P < 0.01) by 42.75%, the soluble fraction "a" by 31.82%, and the potential and effective degradability of dry matter by 15.49% compared to that of the control group (without urea). The potentially degradable fraction, time of colonization and ruminal repletion of the neutral detergent fiber of the pre-dried banana tree pseudostems were not altered with the inclusion of urea (P > 0.05). The ammonization of the pre-dried banana tree pseudostems with 2% of urea improved the chemical composition and rumen degradability of the dry matter.

scholarly journals Sorghum cultivars of different purposes silage

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Martins Araujo Pinho ◽  
Edson Mauro Santos ◽  
Juliana Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Higor Fábio Carvalho Bezerra ◽  
Poliane Meire Dias de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Profile Losses ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

This study aimed to assess the fermentation profile, losses and chemical composition of the silages of five sorghum cultivars. A completely randomized design with five replicates was used. The experimental treatments were represented by five sorghum cultivars (Sorghum bicolor (L). Moench): 'BRS Ponta Negra' , 'BRS 610', 'BRS 655', 'BRS 800' and 'BRS 810'. There was variation (P<0.05) for the pH in the cultivars studied, with highest result of pH by 'BRS 610'. The average percentages of lactic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid, differed (P<0.05) among the cultivars, ranging from 32.9 to 59.5, 19.8 to 39.8, and 0.0 to 1.3g kg-1, respectively. The dry matter recovery varied among cultivars (P<0.05), allowing the identification of BRS Ponta Negra, and 'BRS 810' silages, as those which recovered the lowest dry matter, with values of 757.1 and 776.1g kg-1, respectively. There were differences (P<0.05) for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, non-fibrous carbohydrates and total carbohydrates contents among the cultivars. It was concluded that, despite the morphological and chemical differences among cultivars, the resulting silages had good fermentation profile.

scholarly journals Silage of the agro-industrial co-product of babassu palm heart processing in sheep feed

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane da Cunha Codognoto ◽  
Marlos Oliveira Porto ◽  
Thassiane Telles Conde ◽  
Jucilene Cavali ◽  
Elvino Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Palm Heart ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Industrial Manufacture ◽  
Babassu Palm ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: The inner bark or less tender sheath generated from industrial manufacture of canned babassu palm (Attalea speciosa) heart is inadequate for human consumption, often being discarded inappropriately and giving rise to environmental pollution. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess the intake and digestibility in sheep fed on silage of the agro-industrial co-product of babassu palm (ICBP)enriched with different additives, or on sugarcane silage. Fifteen Santa Inês sheep were distributed in a completely randomized design, consisting of five treatments and three replicates. The treatments comprised babassu palm silage enriched with broken maize (BM), broken rice (BR), cassava scrapings (CS), coffee husk combined with maize kernel (CC), and sugarcane silage (SC), all supplemented with concentrate, at a voluminous:concentrate ratio of 65:35. Silages based on ICBP and SC had similar intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC). Increasing the additive fraction in ICBP silages favored the digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NFC, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and total digestible nutrients (TDN). Our results indicated that silage based on additive-enriched ICBP can be used in the diet of ruminants, especially those based on broken maize and cassava scrapings that provide superior nutritional quality compared to the other silages assessed.

scholarly journals Nutritional evaluation of babassu endocarp meal type II with different inclusions in sheep diets

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemilly Cristina Menezes Sá ◽  
Iran Borges ◽  
Gilberto De Lima Macedo Junior ◽  
José Neuman Miranda Neiva ◽  
Tássia Ludmila Teles Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Experimental Diet ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Male Sheep

Industrialization of the Babassu coconut for edible oil production generates many co-products and has great potential to be used in ruminant nutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different inclusions of endocarp meal type II of Babassu coconut (BEMII) on intake and digestibility of sheep diets. Twenty non-castrated male sheep with an undefined breed were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. The animals received an experimental diet with increasing inclusions of BEMII (0.0%, 7.5%, 15.0%, and 22.5%). Increasing additions of the coproduct negatively influenced dry matter intake (g/BW and g/kg0.75). Crude protein intake (in grams) per day decreased linearly with the inclusion of BEMII, presenting a reduction of 49.35 g/d. The inclusion of 7.5% showed the best response for energy balance among all inclusions and presented the closest nitrogen balance value when compared to the control group; therefore, this inclusion percentage is the best for endocarp meal utilization.

scholarly journals Yellow grease in sheep diets: intake and digestibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 684-692
Author(s):  
A.C. Rêgo ◽  
C.S.B. Oliveira ◽  
L.E.F. Afonso ◽  
J.C. Azevedo ◽  
O.R. Machado Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yellow Grease ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the effects of yellow grease supplementation on the intake, digestibility, and nitrogen balance in sheep. Twenty Santa Inês lambs with a mean age of 95 ± 10 d and body weight of 19.29 ± 3.17kg were evaluated in a completely randomized design. The diets were supplemented with oil at concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 gkg-1 of dry matter (DM) of the concentrate. The diets were based on roughage and concentrate (50:50). The experimental period lasted 19 d and included 14 adaptation days and five collection days for the total supplied diet, orts, feces, and urine. Supplementation with yellow grease had no significant effect on the intake of DM, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), or non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC). However, the ether extract (EE) intake increased linearly with supplementation of yellow grease. Moreover, no effect was observed for DM, CP, NDF, and NFC digestibility and nitrogen balance. EE digestibility increased linearly with the yellow grease dietary supplementation. Thus, sheep dietary supplementation with yellow grease may be used at a level of up to 80 gkg-1 of DM of concentrate without impairing nutrient intake and digestibility.

scholarly journals Influence of the period of year on the chemical composition and digestibility of pasture and fodder selected by goats in caatinga

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Messias José dos Santos SILVA ◽  
Dulciene Karla de Andrade SILVA ◽  
André Luiz Rodrigues MAGALHÃES ◽  
Kedes Paulo PEREIRA ◽  
Érica Carla Lopes da SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

SUMMARY This study aimed to verify the influence of months on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of pasture and forage selected by goats in the semiarid region of Brazil’s Pernambuco state. Six male goats fistulated in the rumen were used in a completely randomized design. Forage collection was conducted in herbaceous and shrub/tree layers, in order to simulate goat grazing, and materials were separated into leaves and branches. Extrusa and pasture collections were held in November, January and February/March. There was collection month (P <0.05) effect for pasture on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), with average values of 458.27g/kg NM and 155.46, 521.30 and 390.13g/kg DM, respectively. For the stem (P <0.05) for DM, Organic matter (OM), mineral matter (MM), ethereal stratum (EE), ADF, acid detergent unavailable protein (AIP), total carbohydrates (TCHO) and dry matter in vitro digestibility (DMIVD), with average values of 487.47g/kg NM and 930.80, 69.07, 20.67, 440.30 and 63.78g/kg DM, respectively. About the extrusa, there was collection time effect (P <0.05) on the DM, OM, MM, CP, EE, AIP, TCHO, Non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and DMIVD, with average values of 84.53g/kg DM, 863.03, 136.97, 152.90, 33.60, 14.07, 676.37 and 55.35g/kg DM, respectively. Rainfall changes in the rainy season in the caatinga altered pasture quality, causing changes in the diet selected by goats, mainly in DM, CP, CNF and DMIVD.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of Tanganyika grass under tree shading levels in a silvopastoral system

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Augusto Brandão de CARVALHO ◽  
Pedro Henrique Ferreira da SILVA ◽  
Pablo Giliard ZANELLA
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Silvopastoral System ◽  
Insoluble Protein ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different Clitoria fairchildiana tree shading levels on the Tanganyika grass (Megatyrsus maximus Jacq. cv. Tanganyika) chemical composition, in summer I (2011/2012), spring (2012) and summer II (2012/2013) seasons. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four treatments (shading levels) and five repetitions at Seropédica, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The following variables were evaluated: dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent (NDF) and acid detergent (ADF) fiber, neutral (NDIP) and acid (ADIP) detergent insoluble protein, lignin (LIG) and mineral matter (MM) contents. Data were analyzed by PROC MIXED SAS®, with repeated measures in time, and treatment means compared by Tukey’s test (P<0.05) or by PROC REG (P<0.05 for regression analysis. There was a significant interaction between season and shading level for DM, CP, NDF, ADF, NDIP, ADIP and MM contents (P<0.05). Lignin content was only influenced by shading level (P<0.05). The DM, NDF, ADF and lignin contents were reduced by shading increase while CP, NIDP and MM contents were increased. Higher ADIP contents were found only in the spring. The increase in Clitoria fairchildiana tree shading improves the chemical composition of Tanganyika grass forage during summer season.

scholarly journals Ruminal degradation of Panicum grasses in three post-regrowth ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Spindola Garcez ◽  
Arnaud Azevêdo Alves ◽  
Ernando de Oliveira Macedo ◽  
Claudiane Morais dos Santos ◽  
Daniel Louçana da Costa Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Ruminal Degradation ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the chemical composition and in situ degradation of Maasai, Mombasa and Tanzania grasses belonging to the genus Panicum, at 22, 34 and 46 days after regrowth. The contents of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were determined. For the evaluation of ruminal degradation, 4 g sample were placed in nylon bags and incubated in the rumen of a fistulated animal, for 6, 24 and 72 h. The experiment had a completely randomized design for chemical composition analysis and a split-split plot completely randomized design for in situ degradation, with means compared by Tukey test at 5%. There was an increase in the contents of DM (+ 1.69%) and NDF (+ 5.06%) (P <0.05) of the grasses at the highest cutting ages with reduction in the CP fraction. The potential degradation (PD) of DM, NDF and CP decreased with advancing age of grasses, with an increase in colonization time (0.69 h) and NDF degradation rate (1.14%/h). The increase in the post-regrowth age of the Massai, Mombasa, and Tanzania grasses increases the acid detergent fiber content and reduces the crude protein content, with a negative effect on the degradation of DM, PB and NDF. The management of these cultivars is indicated at 22 and 34 days post-regrowth to obtain forage with better nutritional value.

scholarly journals Biokonversi Pelepah Daun Nipah Menggunakan Jamur Tiram Putih Ditinjau Dari Komposisi Kimia dan Kecernaan Serat

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Suryadi Suryadi ◽  
Hardi Syafria
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf Midrib

The study aims to determine the chemical composition and digestibility of midrib palm leaves from bioconversion results. Solid bioconversion using white oyster mushroom inoculum as a starter. This study used a completely randomized design (RAL) with 6 treatments and 3 replications. As a treatment  the white oyster mushroom inoculum consisted of 6 levels, namely 0g (with inoculum), 5g, 10g, 15g, 20g and 25g kg-1 substrate. The variables measured are the chemical composition and digestibility of nipah leaf midrib fiber bioconversion products. The results showed that organic matter content, ADF digestibility and nipah leaf midrib cellulosa bioconversion results were significantly different (P<0.05) but the dry matter content, crude protein and NDF digestibility did not show significant differences (P>0.05) due to the levels of white oyster mushroom inoculum. The best digestibility occurred at the levels of white oyster mushroom inoculum 20g kg-1 substrate with acid digestibility fiber 27,31% and cellulose 31,08%. It can be concluded thah the level of white oyster mushroom inoculum 20g kg-1 substrate for nipah leaf midrib bioconversion results is the best.

scholarly journals Effect of fertilization with fluid swine slurry on production and nutritive value of Tifton 85

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernan Vielmo ◽  
Amadeu Bona Filho ◽  
André Brugnara Soares ◽  
Tangriani Simioni Assmann ◽  
Paulo Fernando Adami
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Swine Slurry ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Different Doses

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of liquid swine slurry on dry matter accumulation rate and nutritive values (crude proten and neutral detergent fiber) of Tifton 85 grass pasture cultivated in southwestern Paraná from October 2005 to March 2006. It was used a complete random experimental design in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme composed of four doses of swine slurry in the plots (0, 80, 160 and 320 m³/ha) and four consecutive cuts in the subplots of the pasture. It was carried out two applications, one in the beginning of the experiment and other after 80 days. Cuts were performed every time pasture height was 40 cm. There was a dose versus cut interaction for all variables. Swine slurry promoted increase on dry matter accumulation rate only on the first cut after its application (cuts 1 and 3). Dry matter maximal yield (24.2 t/ha) was obtained at 249 m³/ha of swine slurry manure (143 and 106 m³/ha, respectively for applications 1 and 2), corresponding to 450 kg of N/ha. Percentage of crude protein increases and neutral detergent fiber of Tifton 85 grass decreases as dose of swine slurry increases, improving forage nutritive value. Use efficiency and nitrogen recovery rate decrease with addition of swine slurry doses.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and rumen degradability of byproducts available in the Amazon region

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3605
Author(s):  
Ernestina dos Ribeiro Santos Neta ◽  
Luis Rennan Sampaio Oliveira ◽  
Rafael Mezzomo ◽  
Daiany Íris Gomes ◽  
Janaina Barros Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
Babassu Cake

This study evaluated the chemical composition and ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap) and crude protein (CP) in byproducts of African oil palm (palm cake, kernel or fiber), macaúba (pulp cake and kernel cake), acai (acai fruit), babassu (kernel cake) and pineapple (peel, crown and bagasse silage). Nineteen rumen-fistulated sheep were kept in individual stalls, receiving a daily diet composed of elephant grass silage and corn and soybean concentrate. After preparation in nylon bags, the byproduct samples were incubated for 0, 3, 6, 12, 16, 18, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 hours, with three replicates of each ingredient per incubation time. The divergence between the protein nutritional value and energy nutritional value, based on discriminatory variables between groups, was estimated by cluster analysis. The effective degradability of DM, NDFap and CP for the different byproducts was, respectively, 35.9, 26.9 and 59.0% for palm cake; 48.3, 34.3 and 76.4% for palm kernel; 21.1, 6.6 and 50.3% for palm fiber; 34.3, 15.0 and 52.8% for macaúba pulp cake; 58.1; 63.0 and 51.6% for macaúba kernel cake; 49.7, 49.6 and 41.8% for babassu cake; 53.4, 40.5 and 79.8% for pineapple bagasse silage; and 21.3, 17.0 and 38.9% for acai fruit. Based on their NDFap and CP characteristics, the feeds were clustered in up to four different groups.

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