scholarly journals Assessment of performance of potato crop under modified microclimates in rice based cropping system of Upper Brahmaputra valley zone of Assam

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253
Author(s):  
M. PANGING ◽  
P. NEOG ◽  
R. L. DEKA ◽  
K. MEDHI
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Moisture Retention ◽  
Planting Dates

A field experiment was conducted during rabi, 2017-18 in Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to identify appropriate adaptive strategies for combating ill effect of heat and moisture stress through modifying microclimate in rice-potato double cropping system. The potato variety – Kufri Jyoti was planted in split plot design with 3 dates starting from 10 November at 10 days interval (main plots) and three mulching treatments with water hyacinth, black polythene and without mulching (sub-plots) following recommended agronomic practices. The study revealed that there were 11.8 and 7.0 per cent increase in average soil moisture content under water hyacinth and black polythene, respectively as compared to non-mulched treatment. On the other hand, soil temperature was 0.5 to 1.5 °C (morning) and 1.1 to 2.3°C (evening) lower under water hyacinth, but 1.2 to 2.1°C (morning) and 1.7 to 2.6 (evening) higher underblack polythene as compared to non-mulched crop. In all planting dates, crop growth parameters like LAI and biomass production were observed to be highest under water hyacinth, followed by black polythene and without mulching. Among the mulching treatment the highest and lowest tuber yield was recorded under water hyacinth (120.81 q ha-1) and non-mulched treatment (85.0 q ha-1), respectively in all planting dates.It was found that the tuber yield was significantly and positively correlated (at 5% level) with theaverage soil moisture retention (mm) in upper 30 cm layer of soil during tuber formation to physiological maturity (r =77*). Increase in tuber yield (up to 42.2%) under water hyacintheven in case of late plantings (beyond 10 November) was probably due to increase insoil moisture retention (8.1 to 15.7 %) and reduction of soil temperature (1 to 1.8°C) under water hyacinthwhich endowed with favorablehydrothermal environment as compared to that under black polythene and non mulched treatment. 

scholarly journals Yield and economics of potato in short duration rice-based cropping system in Rangpur district

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Mrinmoy Guha Neogi ◽  
Abul Khair ◽  
A.K.M. Salah Uddin ◽  
M. Mamunur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
The Cost

The potato crop is sensitive to environmental factors as optimum planting time of potato depends on the most favorable temperatures extending over the longest period of the crop season and requires less than maximum and above the minimum temperatures for emergence after planting. To secure good yield, the potato crop should be planted in such a time that all the three growth and development phases pass through favorable environmental conditions. Cognizant the above facts, a field experiment was conducted at RDRS Farm, Rangpur during 2014 and 2015 for cultivating potato in different dates with two popular potato varieties like Diamont and Cardinal to find out the optimum planting time of potato production in Bangladesh under short duration rice-based cropping system as well as assess the economic viability of potato cultivation in November. The cost-benefit analysis indicates that no major variation was observed in the performance of two varieties e.g. Diamont and Cardinal. But significant variation was observed in different planting dates. The 22nd November planting of both Diamont and Cardinal produced highest yield (29.2 and 28.8 t/ha1 respectively) compared to other three planting dates like 7th November (27.8 t/ha and 26.9 t/ha), 7th December (21.1 t/ha and 19.8 t/ha) and 22nd December (15.2 t/ha and 14.7 t/ha). The 7th November planting was found economically profitable for both the varieties, where the highest economic return was recorded as TK. 2,06,372/ha for Diamont and TK. 2,08,772/ha for Cardinal. Thus, from the economic point of view, the 7th November planting performed best for both varieties. The cost of production was gradually higher in case of late planting due to use of higher amount of pesticides in the crop field. It may be concluded that potato could be cultivated during 1st half of November month, just after harvesting of short duration aman rice in October that will bring harvesting of potato in 1st half of February which can ensure highest net income from potato cultivation and enables farmers to cultivate next crop like mungbean as additional income. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(2): 172–178, June 2019

scholarly journals Investigations on effectiveness of wheat and rice straw mulches on moisture retention in potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
pp. 345-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Goel ◽  
Vijay Shankar ◽  
R. K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Moisture Retention ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Wheat Straw Mulch ◽  
Soil Moisture Retention ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Purpose Mulching is a practice recommended for soil moisture conservation in potato. The wheat straw and rice straw obtained as major crop residues were used as mulching materials to compare their effectiveness for soil moisture retention in potato crop. Methods The field experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design replicated thrice with three treatments viz. plots incorporated with wheat straw mulch, rice straw mulch at the rate of 10 tonnes per hectare each and no mulch serving as control. The soil moisture was determined using a soil moisture probe and data were recorded daily at 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm soil depths. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to investigate moisture retention characteristics of the mulch materials. Results Soil moisture retention varied as wheat straw mulch > rice straw mulch > no mulch at 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm soil depths, respectively. Highest moisture retention in wheat straw mulch at 10 cm depth is attributed to better moisture absorption ability of wheat straw in comparison to rice straw. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope images indicated the presence of smaller sized micro tubes in wheat straw than rice straw, which resulted in more water retention, thereby substantiating the findings of the study. Conclusion Wheat straw mulch is more effective than rice straw mulch for shallow rooted crops like potato, due to better moisture absorption and retention in upper soil layer.

Performance of Zero-till Bio-mulching on Different Pulses under Maize-legume Sequence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Dey ◽  
B. K. Saren ◽  
B. Duary ◽  
K. Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
The Individual

Background: After harvesting of kharif crops, lack of sufficient soil moisture availability limit the cultivation of rabi crops in the Birbhum district of West Bengal. So a huge area remains fallow during the rabi season mainly because of infrastructure to harvest and to utilize the bountiful rains of the monsoon. So, agronomic measures to conserve the soil moisture are very suitable for the region because of their low cost and capability to reduce soil erosion. In this region, maize stalk are not used as fodder for animals and are usually burnt or kept outside the field. Similarly, during rainy season, there is plenty of water hyacinth and paddy straw found around cultivated areas. Retention of crop residues and weed biomass on the soil surface in combination with zero tillage initiates process that lead to improve soil quality and overall enhancement of resource use efficiency. Methods: The trials were conducted for consecutive two years (2017-18 and 2018-19) in split plot design with three main plot treatments as cropping system after Maize, viz, i) Maize-chickpea (CS1) ii) Maize-lentil (CS2) iii) Maize-lathyrus (CS3); with five sub-plot treatments as mulching i) No-mulching (Residue Removal) (M0) ii) In-situ Maize stalk mulching (M1) iii) In-situ maize stalk mulch + Water hyacinth (5 t/ha) (M2) iv) In-situ maize stalk mulch + Paddy straw (5 t/ha) (M3) v) In-situ maize stalk mulch + Water hyacinth (2.5 t/ha) + Paddy straw (2.5 t/ha) (M4) but the individual rabi crop’s data were analyzed in Randomized Block Design (RBD) as the individual crops have different growth characteristics. Result: Experiments result revealed that mulching with M3- In-situ maize stalk mulch + Paddy straw (5 t/ha) is the best practice for growing pulses under zero-till condition after Maize in Maize-legume cropping system. Growing of pulses in different cropping system under zero-till condition not only will increase the cropping intensity and production of pulses in the country but also will increase the fertility of the soil.

Evaluation of Different Moisture Depletion Levels for Water Productivity, Yield and Tuber Size of Potato under Drip Irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Syed Ijaz ul Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Habibullah Habib ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Ahsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Different Levels

A field experiment comprised of four different levels of management allowable depletion (MAD) of soil moisture for next irrigation to potato crop under drip irrigation was conducted during 2017-18 and repeated during 2018-19 at Water Management Research Farm, Renala Khurd, Okara, Pakistan. Cropwat 8.0 program was used to determine the interval and depth of next irrigation at 15, 30, 45 and 60% MAD of soil moisture. The experiments during both the years were organized in RCBD fashion with four replications. Irrigation to potato crop at 30% MAD level depicted the highest water productivity (17.28 kg/m3), followed by 60%, 15% and 45% MAD levels with water productivity values of 16.90, 16.63 and 14.60 kg/m3, respectively. The highest tuber yield was obtained when potato crop was irrigated at 60% MAD level (28.411 tons ha-1), followed by 30% MAD level (27.998 tons ha-1), 15% MAD level (26.736 tons ha-1) and 45% MAD level (24.081 tons ha-1). The maximum %age of medium sized tubers was achieved by applying irrigation to potato crop at 60% MAD level (65.70), followed by 30% MAD level (65.50), 45% MAD level (64.00) and 15% MAD level (60.50). The incidence of scab was found 2.50%, 2.75%, 3.25% and 3.75% in potato tubers at 15, 30, 45 and 60% MAD level, respectively indicating that the incidence of disease increased slightly with increase in MAD level.

The interactions of water and fertilizer nitrogen in effects on growth pattern and yield of potatoes

1978 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Clutterbuck ◽  
K. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
High Soil Moisture ◽  
Leaf Area Duration ◽  
Normal Rainfall ◽  
Made In

SummaryThree field experiments in 2 years were made in S.E. Scotland to investigate the effect of water (normal rainfall or irrigation to maintain soil moisture tension between pF 2·0 and 2·5) on the response of the potato crop to nitrogen fertilizer (0, 100, 200 or 300 kg N/ha).Final tuber yield was closely related to leaf area duration. Addition of water reduced the delay in early haulm growth resulting from fertilizer nitrogen application. The beneficial effect of reducing moisture tension could not be related to water per se, nitrate, ammonium or conductivity levels in the fertilizer band or nitrogen uptake. Accumulation of nitrate in the roots and stems + petioles early in the season indicated that the rate of protein synthesis was reduced at high soil moisture tension in the presence of fertilizer nitrogen.In a long growing season (1971, 153 days) there was a significant response of tuber yield to nitrogen, with an increase in yield even at the highest rate tested (300 kg N/ha) and irrigation enhanced this response.In a normal season (1970, ca.130 days) there was a significant irrigation x nitrogen interaction on tuber yield. Irrigation increased the optimum rate of nitrogen from 100 to 200 kg N/ha in one experiment and from nil to 200 kg N/ha in another.Addition of water increased the number of tubers at harvest but the effect of nitrogen was less consistent. Yield increases resulting from application of nitrogen or reduction in soil moisture tension were mainly due to increases in the proportion of large tubers.

scholarly journals The Influence of Colour and Thickness of Nylon Mulch on Soil Temperature, Moisture, Percent Germination and Some Growth Parameters of Cucumber (cucumis sativus L.) Seedlings

Land Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p13
Author(s):  
Kayode Moses Babatunde ◽  
Kabiru Alani Shittu ◽  
Olusogo Adeyemi Adekanmbi ◽  
Mukaila Adetunji Asimi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Heat, moisture and oxygen are important factors that has controlled seed germination, thus A 2 ×4 factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the influence of colour and thickness of nylon mulch on soil temperature, moisture, percent germination and selected growth indicators of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings in a completely randomized design (CRD), where the treatments; nylon colour (white and black) and thicknesses (0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 mm) were replicated three times. The analysis of variance showed that the white nylon thickness had positive significant (P ≤ 0.05) influence on soil temperature, soil moisture, plant height and number of leaves, while black nylon thickness had positive significant (P ≤ 0.05) influence on soil moisture and plant height and a negative significant (P ≤ 0.01) influence on percent germination, it was also discovered that 1.5 mm thickness of the white nylon contributed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) to the parameters measured, therefore, white nylon of 1.5 mm thickness could be recommended as mulch material for cucumber production in a sandy clay soil.

The Effects of Shifting Planting Dates and Mulching on Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans) and Drought Stress of Potato Crops Grown under Tropical Highland Conditions

1987 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Devaux ◽  
A. J. Haverkort
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Intercepted Radiation ◽  
Potato Crops ◽  
Radiation Use

SUMMARYPotatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in central Africa are often grown between two rainy seasons to avoid late blight infection. The influence of planting date and setaria mulch treatment on soil temperature, soil humidity, late blight development, ground cover with green leaves, intercepted radiation and tuber yield of potato was studied in crops grown at 1850 m above sea level in Rwanda.The planting dates towards the end of the rainy season resulted in the best yields and these were considerably increased by mulching which retained soil moisture and reduced soil temperature so resulting in a better ground cover. Increased yields in the mulched plots seemed to be due to increased radiation interception rather than to better radiation use efficiency.

Spectral Response of Potato Crop to Accumulative Moisture Stress Estimated from Hydrus-1D Simulated Daily Soil Moisture During Tuber Bulking Stage

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dibyendu Dutta ◽  
Prabir Kumar Das ◽  
Soubhik Paul ◽  
Tanmay Khemka ◽  
Manoj Kumar Nanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
Hydrus 1D

scholarly journals Effect of Different Mulching Materials on Yield and Growth Parameters of Tomato Crop

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Nagalakshmi Yarlagadda ◽  
Yesubabu Vinnakota
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Control Efficiency ◽  
Weed Control Efficiency ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The present investigation was carried out to study the performance of yield and growth parameters of tomato crop under different mulching materials. This experiment was conducted at Vikas College of Engineering and Technology, Nunna, Vijayawada during the period from Jan 2020 to April 2020. The experimental field has an area of 180 m2 (15m × 12m) and divided into 4 plots i.e., Drip with plastic mulch (A), Drip with live mulch (coconut coir) (S), Drip without mulch (M) and Control (without mulch and without drip) (K). Growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves per plant, soil parameters like bulk density, soil temperature, soil moisture and yield were observed for each treatment. Crop water requirement was calculated using CROPWAT 8.0. The results showed that the bulk density has no effect between the treatment plots. The soil moisture in initial stage is more in K and least in S; in flowering stage, M was high and least in K and in harvesting stage, it is high in A. The soil temperature was high in K and least in A. The readings of number of leaves was observed high in A and least in K. It was observed that highest yield was obtained in A and least in K. The weed control efficiency was found to be highest in A (57%) followed by S (41.3%) and weed control efficiency was lowest in M (22.8%).

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