Female rats were protected against weight gain, insulin resistance and inflammation induced by high-fat-diets

SUMMARYA simple feeding system for British Friesian dairy female calves was examined. It involved once-daily feeding of a fixed amount of milk substitute to calves from 5 to 32 days of age. A comparison was made between low-fat and high-fat milk substitutes each offered at three levels of feeding. Performance was measured for a further 28 days after weaning. There was a greater incidence of nutritional scours in calves given the low-fat diets and also in those at higher levels of feeding. Live-weight gain to weaning and to 60 days was greater on the high-fat diets and at the higher levels of feeding. Intakes of concentrates, hay and water were little affected by type or level of milk-substitute feeding. Total feed costs over the 8-week period were greater for the high-fat diets and for the higher levels of feeding, but feed costs/kg live-weight gain were similar for the low-and high-fat diets. The results indicate that low levels of a high-fat milk substitute should be offered when using a once-daily feeding system in order to ensure a low incidence of nutritional scours and relatively low feed costs.

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High-fat diets rich in medium- versus long-chain fatty acids induce distinct patterns of tissue specific insulin resistance

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.03.004 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 366-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Johan De Vogel-van den Bosch ◽

Sjoerd A.A. van den Berg ◽

Silvia Bijland ◽

Peter J. Voshol ◽

Louis M. Havekes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽

High Fat ◽

Tissue Specific ◽

High Fat Diets ◽

Fat Diets ◽

Specific Insulin ◽

Long Chain ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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High-fat diets induce a rapid loss of the insulin anorectic response in the amygdala

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00252.2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 297 (5) ◽

pp. R1302-R1311 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Stéphane Boghossian ◽

Karalee Lemmon ◽

MieJung Park ◽

David A. York

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Food Intake ◽

Insulin Response ◽

Insulin Receptors ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Fat ◽

Sd Rats ◽

High Fat Diets ◽

Fat Diets

Intracerebroventricular insulin decreases food intake (FI) . The central bed nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), as other regions of the brain regulating feeding behavior, expresses insulin receptors. Our objectives were to show an insulin anorectic response in the amygdala, study the effect of high-fat diets on this response, and map the neural network activated by CeA insulin using c-Fos immunohistochemistry. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fitted with unilateral CeA cannulas were adapted to a low-fat (LFD) diet before they were fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Their feeding response to CeA saline or insulin (8 mU) was tested after 24 h, 72 h, or 7 days of being on a HFD. In a second experiment, SD rats were fed the HFD for 3, 7, or 49 days and were then refed with the LFD. They were tested for their insulin response before and after an HFD and every 3 days for the following weeks. Insulin tolerance tests were performed in a parallel group of rats. The CeA insulin stimulation c-Fos expression was studied to identify the distribution of activated neuronal populations. Feeding an HFD for 72 h or more induced a CeA, but not peripheral, insulin resistance, which was slowly reversed by LFD refeeding. The duration of HFD feeding determined the time frame for reversal of the insulin resistance. CeA insulin increased c-Fos in multiple brain regions, including the arcuate nucleus/paraventricular nucleus region of the hypothalamus. We conclude that the amygdala may be an important site for insulin regulation of food intake and may have a significant role in determining susceptibility to HFD-induced obesity.

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