Antidiarrheal activity and Phytochemical profile of the ethanolic leaf extract of Leonotis nepetifolia (Lion's ear) in Wistar albino rats

Cadmium is a well-known environmental pollutant that has been proven to be nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic in the body. In this study, the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis (O’Rorke) Baill (IG) against cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats was investigated. 30 female wistar rats of weights between 98-153g were grouped into 6 groups of 5 animals each. Group 1 served as the control and was placed on rat feed and water. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were administered 10mg/Kg body weight (mg/kgbw) of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) only,10mg/Kgbw CdCl2 and 200mg/kgbw extract, 10mg/Kgbw CdCl2 and 400mg/kgbw extract, respectively. Groups 5 and 6 were given 200mg/kgbw and 400mg/kgbw of IG extract respectively and the treatments lasted for 28 days. Results obtained revealed significant (p<0.05) increases in the serum levels of all renal and liver function biomarkers in group 2 (CdCl2 only) as compared with the control. There were however significant (p<0.05) decreases in the serum levels of the assayed parameters when groups 3 and 4 were respectively compared with group 2. It can therefore be concluded that ethanolic leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis (O’Rorke) Baill enhances the integrity of the kidneys and liver of cadmium-induced wistar albino rats.

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Laxative and antimicrobial activities of ethanolic extract of leaf and roots from Amaranthus viridis L. on wistar albino rats

Journal of Medicinal Botany ◽

10.25081/jmb.2017.v1.577 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Omodamiro Olorunshola Dave ◽

Ajah Obinna

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Negative Control ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Faecal Output ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations ◽

Wistar Albino Rats ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Ethanolic Leaf Extract

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the laxative and antimicrobial activities of ethanol extracts of leaf and root of Amaranthus viridis L. The laxative activity of ethanolic leaf extract of A. viridis was studied using six groups of wistar albino rats; Group I which served as the negative control received 0.5ml/kg of normal saline, Group II received 10mg/kg of Dulcolax and the rest of the groups (III-VI) received 400, 200, 100 and 50mg/kg of the extract respectively. The laxative activity of the ethanolic leaf extract was expressed as the mean of total weight of faecal output in each group. A significant (p<0.05) dose dependent increase in the faecal output was observed at the 200mg/kg (3.00 ±1.41gm) and 400mg/kg (3.50 ±2.12gm) doses compared with the negative control. The antimicrobial activity was expressed as the diameter of the zone of inhibition hence the minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined. The antimicrobial activity of the A. viridis leaf and root extracts had dose dependent increases in all the tested organisms from their various minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The result confirmed that the leaves and root of A. viridis possess laxative and antimicrobial activity.

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Effects of Sub-acute Oral Administration of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Byrsocarpus coccineus on Haematology and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Wistar Albino Rats.

Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences ◽

10.36108/jvbs/9102.20.0211 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 97-104

Author(s):

G. M. Oladele

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Anaesthetized Rats ◽

Serum Biochemical ◽

High Doses ◽

Wistar Albino Rats ◽

Group D ◽

Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Byrsocarpus coccineus is an indigenous herb widely dispersed in tropical Africa and commonly known as Crimson thyme. The leaf and root of the plant is noted to possess medicinal benefits in traditional medicine of the Western part of Nigeria. The plant has been reported to possess analgesic, antiplasmodial, inflammatory, antidiarrhic and antipyretic activities. The present study was therefore aimed at determining the sub-acute toxicity of ethanolic leaf extract of Byrsocarpus coccineus. The ethanolic leaf extract of the plant was administered orally at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg to three groups A, B and C of Wistar rats respectively for 14 days while the control group D was administered orally with 3ml/kg of distilled water. Blood samples were then obtained from the anaesthetized rats for haematology and serum biochemistry. The result obtained from serum analyses showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels while the increase in alkaline phosphatase is not significant for the treated groups B and C compared with the control. It was therefore concluded that high doses of the extract may have untoward effects on the kidney and therefore, the use of the plant extract in high doses should be discouraged.

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Antidiarrheal Activity of Dissotis multiflora (Sm) Triana (Melastomataceae) Leaf Extract in Wistar Rats and Subacute Toxicity Evaluation

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/4038371 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alian Désiré Afagnigni ◽

Maximilienne Ascension Nyegue ◽

Chantal Florentine Ndoye Foe ◽

Youchahou Njankouo Ndam ◽

Frédéric Nico Njayou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Shigella Flexneri ◽

Female Rats ◽

Male Rats ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Subacute Toxicity ◽

Antidiarrheal Activity ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Ethanolic Leaf Extract

The present work was undertaken to evaluate antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Dissotis multiflora (Sm) Triana (D. multiflora) on Shigella flexneri-induced diarrhea in Wistar rats and its subacute toxicity. Diarrhea was induced by oral administration of 1.2 × 109 cells/mL S. flexneri to rats. Antidiarrheal activity was investigated in rats with the doses of 111.42 mg/kg, 222.84 mg/kg, and 445.68 mg/kg. The level of biochemical parameters was assessed and organs histology examined by 14 days’ subacute toxicity. S. flexneri stool load decreased significantly in dose-dependent manner. The level of ALT increased (p<0.05) in male rats treated with the dose of 445.68 mg/kg while creatinine level increased in rats treated with both doses. In female rats, a significant decrease (p<0.05) of the level of AST and creatinine was noted in rats treated with the dose of 222.84 mg/kg of D. multiflora. Histological exams of kidney and liver of treated rats showed architectural modifications at the dose of 445.68 mg/kg. This finding suggests that D. multiflora leaf extract is efficient against diarrhea caused by S. flexneri but the treatment with doses lower than 222.84 mg/kg is recommended while further study is required to define the exact efficient nontoxic dose.

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EVALUATION OF ANTIDIARRHEAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF ERIOBOTRYA JAPONICA LINDL

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i9.27256 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 502

Author(s):

Davie Rexon Kamadyaapa ◽

Mavuto Masopera Gondwe ◽

Mathulo Shauli ◽

Constance Sewani Rusike ◽

Jehu Iputo

Keyword(s):

Castor Oil ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Eriobotrya Japonica ◽

Cytotoxicity Test ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Adrenoceptor Blocker ◽

Antidiarrheal Activity ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Objective: The study was carried out to investigate the antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Eriobotrya japonica (EEJ) using various models of experimental diarrhea.Methods: Antidiarrheal property of EEJ at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bwt was evaluated using castor oil-induced diarrhea, castor oil-induced enteropooling, and gastrointestinal propulsive models of experimental diarrhea in Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes, weighing 200–250 g. Cytotoxicity test of EEJ was performed using brine shrimp bioassay.Results: Toxicity assay of EEJ showed a lethal concentration value of 1225 μg/ml suggesting non-toxicity. EEJ significantly (p<0.05) and dose-dependently (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/bwt) inhibited castor oil-induced diarrhea by 38.1%, 76.19%, and 100%, respectively, and enteropooling by 28%, 56%, and 88%, respectively, compared with control. Pre-treatment with yohimbine, α2-adrenoceptor blocker significantly reversed the protective effect of EEJ (400 mg/kg) against castor oil-induced diarrhea and against castor oil-induced enteropooling, suggesting the involvement of α2-adrenoceptors in antidiarrheal property of EEJ. Furthermore, EEJ significantly (p<0.05) and dosedependently (100, 200, and 400 mg/Kg/bwt) inhibited gastrointestinal motility by 28%, 62%, and 83.92%, respectively.Conclusion: The study has demonstrated the antidiarrheal potential of ethanolic leaf extract of EEJ, which may be attributable to its dual antisecretory and antimotility activities probably through activation of the sympathetic α2-adrenergic pathway.

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