Association between demarcated enamel hypomineralization on second primary molars and dental caries in childhood

Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars (HSPM) is the name used to describe the presence of demarcated enamel hypomineralization in second primary molars. HSPM has been compared with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) as regards its clinical appearance and consequences. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between HSPM and dental caries in childhood. It was a cross-sectional populationbased study that included 216 children aged 4-6 years from public schools in Botelhos, Brazil. Children with all second primary molars erupted were eligible for participation. Clinical examination was performed by one calibrated examiner. HSPM was recorded according to modified European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria. The main outcome was dental caries experience as indicated by the dmft index (%dmft>0) according to WHO criteria. Chi-square test and Logistic Regression Model were used to adjust the results for effects of covariates Among the 216 children examined, 22.2% presented HSPM. After adjustment for logistic regression, children with HSPM were found to have a 2.28 times greater chance of presenting dental caries. Our results reinforce the importance of HSPM in caries development in children, which should be considered by public health dentists in the process of planning actions aimed at this population.

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The Dental Aesthetic Index and Its Association with Dental Caries, Dental Plaque and Socio-Demographic Variables in Schoolchildren Aged 12 and 15 Years

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18189741 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (18) ◽

pp. 9741

Author(s):

Paula Fernández-Riveiro ◽

Nerea Obregón-Rodríguez ◽

María Piñeiro-Lamas ◽

Almudena Rodríguez-Fernández ◽

Ernesto Smyth-Chamosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Old Age ◽

Dental Plaque ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Two Samples

The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was determined in 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren to ascertain the prevalence of malocclusion and to assess its association with dental caries experience, dental plaque accumulation, and socio-demographic variables. We performed a cross-sectional study with a stratified two-stage sampling design. An oral health survey and oral examination were conducted, and socio-demographic data were recorded. The sample comprised 1453 schoolchildren aged 12 (868) and 15 (585). These two samples were analyzed separately because statistically significant differences were found: the 12-year-old age group displayed a higher frequency of schoolchildren who attended state-run public schools (p = 0.004) and belonged to a lower social class (p = 0.001); the 15-year-old age group registered higher levels of caries (p = 0.001) and lower levels of dental plaque (p < 0.001). The malocclusion was 9.5% higher (p = 0.001), and the global mean DAI score was likewise higher among the 12-year-olds (p < 0.001). The multivariate regression analysis not only showed that caries and dental plaque were the variables that were the most strongly associated with malocclusion, but that caries (OR = 1.5) and dental plaque (OR > 2) were also risk factors for malocclusion in both groups. In conclusion, this study revealed a higher prevalence of malocclusion and dental plaque at age 12. A higher risk of caries and dental plaque was found to be related to the presence of malocclusion in both age groups.

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Effect of Primary Molar Caries on Caries Development in the Adjacent Permanent First Molars

Frontiers in Dentistry ◽

10.18502/fid.v18i24.6934 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmad Jafari ◽

Saideh Aslani ◽

Mahboobeh Zangooei ◽

Hossein Hessari ◽

Ahmad Reza Shamshiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Assessment System ◽

Caries Detection ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Primary Molars ◽

Primary Molar ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Second Molar ◽

Dental Instruments

Objectives: Dental caries is among the most common chronic diseases of the childhood. This study sought to assess the effect of caries experience in primary molars on caries development in the adjacent permanent first molars. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 413 students aged 7 and 8 years. Clinical dental examination was performed by two independent examiners using disposable dental instruments and a head light. Dental caries was evaluated using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) for all four permanent first molars and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index for the primary molars. Data were analyzed using the Pearson’s Chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: When primary first molars were sound, 22.9% of the permanent first molars of the same quadrant were sound. When primary second molars were sound, 25.7% of the adjacent permanent first molars were sound. A carious primary second molar had a stronger correlation with development of dentin caries in the adjacent permanent first molar than a carious primary first molar (P<0.001). Conclusion: The current results confirmed that carious primary molars can significantly affect caries development in the adjacent permanent first molars, and a carious primary second molar has a significantly greater effect than a carious primary first molar in this respect. Thus, special attention should be paid to oral hygiene and proper tooth brushing of primary molars, particularly second molars.

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Prevalence of Dental Caries and Traumatic Dental Injuries among 6- to 12-year-old Children in Bhopal City, India

International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1429 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 172-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ND Shashikiran ◽

Pratibha Ahirwar ◽

Priyanka Maran ◽

Pawan Raj Kannojiya

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Traumatic Injury ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age Related ◽

Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽

The Individual ◽

Dental Injuries

ABSTRACT Introduction Dental caries and trauma are the most common oral health problems for many decades. There is need for prevalence data to analyze the nature of the problems and to take necessary steps in improving public health. Aim and objectives To assess the prevalence of dental caries and traumatic dental injuries among schoolchildren of age 6 to 12 years in Bhopal city. Settings and design Cross-sectional study design was selected. Universal sampling method was followed in this study. Materials and methods A total of 1,204 children were examined. The distribution of samples was done based on age, gender, residing area, and type of school. Statistical analysis Data were collected and statistically evaluated under chi-square test and analysis of variance. Results The overall caries experience (73.17%) was found to be higher than that of traumatic injury experience (20.9%). There was age-related correlation between age and decay, missing, and filled teeth score. Conclusion Since most injuries occur at home or at school, educating the individual is the key that will have a great impact on the prognosis of traumatic injuries. Also good food habits need to be instilled in children from a tender age with the help of parents, which is the ultimate solution to fight caries. How to cite this article Maran S, Shashikiran ND, Ahirwar P, Maran P, Kannojiya PR, Niranjan B. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Traumatic Dental Injuries among 6- to 12-year-old Children in Bhopal City, India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):172-176.

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Dental Fear in Children: Association with Dental Caries and Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440202003880 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 673-679

Author(s):

Isla Camilla Carvalho Laureano ◽

Lunna Farias ◽

Liege Helena Freitas Fernandes ◽

Catarina Ribeiro Barros de Alencar ◽

Franklin Delano Soares Forte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Family Income ◽

Dental Fear ◽

Assessment System ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Caries Detection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Icdas Ii ◽

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental fear and to evaluate its association with dental caries and molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in schoolchildren aged 8-10 years from a municipality in Northeastern Brazil. Data from 466 students enrolled in urban public schools in a cross-sectional study were collected. Parents/guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, dental fear was measured by means of the Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) and clinical examinations were performed by three calibrated examiners for diagnosis of dental caries, using the International Caries Detection & Assessment System - ICDAS II and a previously validated index for MIH. Descriptive data analysis was performed, and associations between dental fear, dental caries and MIH were analyzed using robust Poisson regression for complex samples (p<0,05). The prevalence of dental fear was 21.6%, and the mean total CFSS-DS score was 29.97 (CI 95%=29.05-30.89). In the multivariate adjusted model, the prevalence of dental fear was associated to family income (PR=1.78; CI 95%=1.02-3.08; p= 0.041). Monthly family income was associated with dental fear in children, whereas dental caries and MIH were not associated with dental fear.

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Impact of malocclusion and dentofacial anomalies on the prevalence and severity of dental caries among adolescents

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/100914-722.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 85 (6) ◽

pp. 1027-1034 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Feldens ◽

Angela Isabel dos Santos Dullius ◽

Paulo Floriani Kramer ◽

Annarosa Scapini ◽

Adair Luiz Stefanello Busato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dental Injury ◽

The City

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the association between malocclusion/dentofacial anomalies and dental caries among adolescents. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 509 adolescents aged 11 to 14 years enrolled at public schools in the city of Osório in southern Brazil. Parents/caregivers answered a structured questionnaire on demographic and socioeconomic variables. A trained examiner recorded the presence of malocclusion (Dental Aesthetic Index [DAI]), traumatic dental injury, and dental caries. Data analysis involved the chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Poisson regression with robust variance was used for the multivariable analysis. Results: A total of 44.8% of the adolescents had dental caries (mean DFMT = 1.33 ± 1.84). The DAI index ranged from 15 to 77 (mean = 29.0 ± 7.9); 43.6% of the sample had severe malocclusion and 11.6% had traumatic dental injury. The prevalence and severity of dental caries were significantly greater among adolescents with severe malocclusion. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that adolescents with severe or handicapping malocclusion had a 31% greater probability of having dental caries (prevalence ratio: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.02–1.67), independently of demographic, socioeconomic, or clinical aspects. The orthodontic characteristics associated with the occurrence and severity of caries were maxillary irregularity ≥3 mm (P = .021) and abnormal molar relationship (P = .021). Conclusions: Handicapping malocclusion, maxillary irregularity, and abnormal molar relationship were associated with the occurrence and severity of dental caries. The findings suggest that the prevention and treatment of these conditions can contribute to a reduction in dental caries among adolescents.

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The Role of School Social Environment on Dental Caries Experience in 8- to 12-Year-Old Brazilian Children: A Multilevel Analysis

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000438832 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 548-556 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

María Raquel Fernández ◽

Marília L. Goettems ◽

Thiago M. Ardenghi ◽

Flávio F. Demarco ◽

Marcos Britto Correa

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Social Environment ◽

School Environment ◽

Dental Plaque ◽

Multilevel Models ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Caries Prevalence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean

Aim: Although children spend most of their time involved in activities related to school, few studies have focused on the association between school social environment and oral health. This cross-sectional study assessed individual and school-related social environment correlates of dental caries in Brazilian schoolchildren aged 8-12 years. Methods: A sample of children from 20 private and public schools (n = 1,211) was selected. Socio-economic data were collected from parents, and data regarding children characteristics were collected from children using a questionnaire. Dental examinations were performed to assess the presence of dental plaque: dental caries experience (DMFT ≥1) and dental caries severity (mean dmf-t/DMF-T). The social school environment was assessed by a questionnaire administered to school coordinators. Multilevel Poisson regression was used to investigate the association between school social environment and dental caries prevalence and experience. Results: The dental caries prevalence was 32.4% (95% confidence interval: 29.7-35.2) and the mean dmf-t/DMF-T was 1.84 (standard deviation: 2.2). Multilevel models showed that the mean dmf-t/DMF-T and DMFT ≥1 were associated with lower maternal schooling and higher levels of dental plaque. For contextual variables, schools offering after-hours sports activities were associated with a lower prevalence of dental caries and a lower mean of dmf-t/DMF-T, while the occurrence of violence and theft episodes was positively associated with dental caries. Conclusions: The school social environment has an influence on dental caries in children. The results suggest that strategies focused on the promotion of healthier environments should be stimulated to reduce inequalities in dental caries.

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The social status associated with dental experience among Brazilian children

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-812320202510.32312018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (10) ◽

pp. 3913-3919

Author(s):

Kamila Azoubel Barreto ◽

Viviane Colares

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Social Status ◽

Private Schools ◽

Dental Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

Brazilian Children

Abstract Dentists should be alert not only to clinical variables, but also to socioeconomic, psychological and cultural factors, which have all been associated with the experience of dental caries. The aim of this study of was to assess social status and dental experience among Brazilian children. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1367 male and female children aged six and seven years enrolled at public and private schools in the city of Recife (Brazil) in 2013. The children at tending public schools were socioeconomically less privileged than those attending private schools. Data were collected through interviews and intraoral examinations. Caries experience was high (53.3%) in the overall sample, but less privileged children had larger percentages of decayed teeth and teeth that required extraction (p < 0.001). Children from less privileged social class had a greater chance of having a low (OR = 1.77 [95%CI 1.33 - 2.35]), moderate (OR = 4.41 [95%CI: 3.18 - 6,14]) and high (OR = 9.55 [95%CI 6.01 - 15.16]) caries experience. They also had a greater chance of never visiting a dentist (OR= 2.90 [95% CI 2.25 - 3.74]) and had dental anxiety (OR = 1.70 [95%CI 1.34-2, 16]). Socioeconomic status influences the dental caries experience, the visits to the dentist and the dental anxiety of the children analyzed.

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Dental pain prevalence and association with dental caries and socioeconomic status in schoolchildren, Southern Brazil, 2002

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242004000200008 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 134-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Lincon Hideo Nomura ◽

João Luiz Dornelles Bastos ◽

Marco Aurélio Peres

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Family Income ◽

Dental Pain ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pain Prevalence ◽

Chi Square Test

The objective of this study was to assess the relation between dental pain, dental caries and socioeconomic status among 12- and 13-year-old schoolchildren enrolled in a public school in Florianópolis, SC, Brazil in 2002. This study was a cross-sectional study involving 181 schoolchildren. Dental pain experience was the dependend variable analyzed. Socioeconomic data of the children's families were obtained through a questionnaire. Dental caries experience was registered according to the DMFT index (WHO, 1997). The field workteam consisted of an examiner and a recorder. The statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and the non-conditional multiple logistic regression. The response rate was 93.4%. The intraexaminer agreement measured on a tooth by tooth basis was high (kappa > 0.73). Dental pain prevalence was 33.7% (CI95% 26.0-42.0). The multiple regression analysis, adjusted by sex and other variables, showed that children with DMFT > 1 presented 2.9 (OR CI95% 1.4-6.1, p < 0.01) more chances of having dental pain when compared with those with DMFT < 1. Children whose mother's schooling level was equal or less than 4 years presented 2.5 (OR CI95% 1.2-5.6, p = 0.02) more chances of having dental pain when compared with others whose mothers had more than 5 years of schooling and, finally, children whose family income was up to U$ 67.00 showed 3.2 (OR CI95% 1.2-8.4, p = 0.02) more chances of having dental pain when compared with the ones whose families had higher income. High levels of caries attack, low mother schooling level and low family income were associated to dental pain.

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Success Rate of Obturation of Root Canals by Different Techniques in Primary Molars: A Comparative Clinical Study

Current Dentistry ◽

10.2174/2542579x02999200503032916 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 36-44

Author(s):

Satyawan G. Damle ◽

Ritika Bansal ◽

Dhanashree D. Sakhare

Keyword(s):

Success Rate ◽

Study Groups ◽

Primary Molars ◽

Control Group ◽

Second Primary ◽

Chi Square ◽

Exact Test ◽

Root Canals ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Comparative Clinical Study

Objective: To compare the success rate of different obturation procedures in primary mandibular second molars clinically and also by digital radiovisiography. Methods: A total of 40 children aged between 4-8 years with deeply carious mandibular second primary molars indicated for single session pulpectomy were selected. Canals were obturated with Metapex. The 3 study groups (Endodontic plugger, Handheld lentulospiral, Navi Tip syringe) were compared with the control group (reamer) both clinically and radiovisiographically. The data collected were statistically analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. Results: The use of Navi tip syringe led to the least number of voids followed by Endodontic plugger and Reamer and the highest number of voids was reported with Lentulospiral. Navitip presented maximum number of optimally filled cases followed by Endodontic plugger and Lentulospiral and least number of optimally filled cases with reamer. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in any of the groups with clinical (pain and tenderness to percussion) and radiographic parameters (presence or absence of voids and length of obturation). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, though the clinical outcome was statistically insignificant, Navitip syringe exhibited encouraging results and is a promising option for obturation in primary teeth.

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Budaya Kerja Petugas Panti Menurut Persepsi Lansia Dengan Kejadian Pengabaian di PSTW X

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v4i3.3776 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 651

Author(s):

Lola Felnanda Amri

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Nursing Home ◽

Work Environment ◽

The Elderly ◽

Statistical Test ◽

Nursing Personnel ◽

Work Culture ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Correlation Design

Perawatan pada lansia di panti tresna werdha X dilakukan berdasarkan rutinitas kerja dan petugas belum mendapat pelatihan mengenai kebutuhan dasar lansia yang harus dipenuhi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, peneliti ingin mengetahui hubungan budaya kerja petugas panti menurut persepsi lansia dengan kejadian pengabaian di PSTW X Sumatera Barat. Desain penelitian deskriptif korelasi, menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dengan total sampling, berjumlah 75. Uji statistik digunakan chi square dan regresi logistik. Hasil yang diperoleh seluruh lansia mengalami pengabaian; ada hubungan antara sikap terhadap apa yang dikerjakan, lingkungan pekerjaan; waktu dengan pengabaian lansia; Tidak ada hubungan antara perilaku ketika mengambil keputusan dengan pengabaian lansia. Sikap terhadap apa yang dikerjakan memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap kejadian pengabaian lansia. Disimpulkan bahwa petugas harus lebih memahami tentang peran dan fungsinya sebagai pemberi pelayanan pada lansia. Direkomendasikan agar pejabat yang berwenang dapat menempatkan petugas panti sesuai dengan peran dan fungsi serta kewenangannya, dan merekrut perawat sesuai dengan kebutuhan panti. The nursing of elderly in Tresna Werda X nursing home is mainly based on the workrout in and that the caregiver have not yet received training on the basic needs of the elderly that they should meet. Therefore, the researcher wanted to know the relations of the work culture of caregiver according to the elderly’s perception with the incidence of neglect in PSTW X West Sumatera. This study used Descriptive correlation design with cross sectional approach. The method of sampling used total sampling, which amounts to 75. The statistical test used chi square and logistic regression. The results of the study show that all of the elderly experienced neglect; there is a relation between attitude towards what is conducted, work environment, time with elderly neglect; no relation between behavior in making decisions with elderly neglect. The attitude towards what is conducted has the most impacton the incidence of elderly neglect. It is concluded that the caregiver should have a better understanding on their roles and functions as the caregivers to the elderly. Moreover, it is recommended that the authorities should put nursing personnel in accordance with the roles, functions and competence, and recruit nurses in accordance with the needs of the nursing home.

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