Global knowledge? Cooperation and conflict in the post-hegemonic era: Facing the pandemic crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Miranda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International System ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
The Impact

In recent decades, we have witnessed the consolidation of the knowledge society, based on a process of globalization, which promotes the consolidation of the knowledge economy as an emerging paradigm, as well as promoting new dynamics of scientific cooperation, especially from the European Union to the rest of the world. Agreements, summits, and a network of science diplomacy have been set up reflecting the impact of knowledge on new development models. From this process, conceived as a catalyst for value chains based on knowledge intensity, it is possible to glimpse new power conflicts related to other recent conflicts for economic and political hegemony on a global scale. This study aims to analyze countries’ behavior vis-à-vis the global threat of the COVID 19 pandemic, based on the correlation between their ability to face it and their levels of knowledge-based development as a differentiating element in terms of vulnerability. The results show a process where scientific cooperation has given way to a field of geopolitical competition between the actors of the international system, affecting their levels of vulnerability to global threats.

Multidimensional Faculty Professional Development in Teaching and Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
Alev Elçi ◽  
Hüseyin Yaratan ◽  
A. Mohammed Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Faculty Professional Development ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Institutional Expectations ◽  
Coefficient Of Concordance ◽  
Building Activities ◽  
The Impact

Higher educational institutions exert great effort to improve educational quality and effectiveness to cope with digital challenges in education. The impact of COVID-19 on education highlighted the importance of the achievement of sustainability in higher education. To overcome many of these challenges, faculty members need sustained professional development infrastructure embracing individual and institutional dimensions for enhancing educational qualifications. In this study, a quantitative method was employed to explore goals, individual needs, and institutional expectations of faculty in an international university in a developing country. The obtained survey data were analyzed using descriptive and non-parametric statistics (i.e., Kendall's coefficient of concordance, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Mann–Whitney U test). The findings demonstrate that the preferred goals of the faculty are found as developing skills in disciplinary knowledge, teaching and learning, and research. To achieve these goals, they favor certain capacity building activities and support services. Findings reflect the faculty's positive attitude towards multidimensional development, thus opening up to the global knowledge-based community. This study contributes to the existing literature as a pilot study to identify that faculty professional development needs are in line with student academic support.

The EU Delegation Sarajevo as an Organisational Proxy of the EU’s Administrative Co-governance

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-278
Author(s):  
Matej Navrátil
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
International System ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
The European Union ◽  
State Actor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Summary This article argues that by using the European Union Delegation (EUD) in Sarajevo as an organisational proxy, the EU creates tools allowing it to participate in the enhancement of external administrative co-governance in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Inspired by the organisation theory approach, this article conceives of the EUD Sarajevo as a hybrid organisation. Such organisations are defined as a product of a combination of two sovereign organisations pursuing a common interest. They recombine multiple institutional logics, stimulate institutional change and spark innovative practices. The conceptualisation of the EUD Sarajevo as a hybrid organisation offers analytical insight for understanding the EU’s role in the society of states and allows us to theorise more concretely about the impact that a non-state actor has on the transformation of the institutions of diplomacy and sovereignty, which are foundational institutions of the international system of states.

scholarly journals Entering Global Knowledge Society: Role of Education

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Slaus
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Global Education ◽  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Holistic Approaches ◽  
Contemporary Education

ABSTRACT We discuss the role of global education in the 21st century for a changing human being and for a rapidly changing world in order of achieving global knowledge-based society. It is shown that contemporary education has to encompass specialized, disciplinary education and paradigmatically different holistic approaches, and that the universities have a mission and a responsibility which goes far beyond the task of providing industry with efficient employees, marketable ideas or sciencebased solutions. Their mission is to produce mature, independent, critical and responsible personalities, who are not tools in anybody's service. How to cite this article Slaus I. Entering Global Knowledge Society: Role of Education. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(3):239-247.

scholarly journals Security Aspects of Migrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-180
Author(s):  
Dragutin Vurnek ◽  
Andrea Bengez ◽  
Matej Perkov
Keyword(s):  
International Security ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Security Challenge ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Statistical Indicators

AbstractMigrations as an inevitable fact of socioeconomic trends pose a security challenge for migrant countries, transition countries, and the countries where migrants come as to the ultimate destination. They are realized in a large area with a large number of participants and global consequences. This paper, through the basic determinants of migrations, statistical indicators on migrations, security challenges, risks and threats, migration policy and international security, provides answers to the questions about the numerical movement of migrants from the seventies of the last century to today on a global scale. Responses are also given about the reasons for triggering migrations, the most desirable migrant destinations, and the impact of migrations on security in departure, transit and destination countries. Particular attention is given to the last migration crisis that has largely affected the European Union.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT FUNCTION OF SUPPRESING MOBBING

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1545-1548
Author(s):  
Šaban Mutatović ◽  
Nina Paunović ◽  
Miodrag Šmelcerović
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Workplace Abuse ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

This paper deals with emotional and physical abuse by co-workers or subordinates, as well as negative effects it might have on the personnel and the company performance. We also want to emphasise the role of management in its eliminating and suppressing. The first part explains the terms and the ideas of management and mobbing, including the functions and different levels of management, as well as different kinds of mobbing. The second part deals with the impact mobbing has on workers and business activities, the responsibility of management on suppressing physical and psychical abuse at workplace as well as creating positive working environment. n the last twenty years, workplace abuse has become a particularly significant problem. The first extensive study of this phenomenon was conducted in Sweden under the leadership of Heinz Leymann, who also defined mobbing as psychological terror in the workplace, which refers to unethical and hostile communication by one and / or more persons to the most commonly one person who becomes helpless and unable Defense. Such activities take place at least once a week for at least six months leading to mental and social disorders. It is believed that this problem is on the rise in almost all countries of the European Union and the world, and for this reason laws are being adopted addressing the issue of mobbing both at the national and European Union levels. In addition, numerous associations have been set up worldwide to prevent workplace abuse.

scholarly journals Impact of transport model errors on the global and regional methane emissions estimated by inverse modelling

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 10961-11021
Author(s):  
R. Locatelli ◽  
P. Bousquet ◽  
F. Chevallier ◽  
A. Fortems-Cheney ◽  
S. Szopa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport Model ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Inverse Modelling ◽  
Model Errors ◽  
Inverse Systems ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. A modelling experiment has been conceived to assess the impact of transport model errors on the methane emissions estimated by an atmospheric inversion system. Synthetic methane observations, given by 10 different model outputs from the international TransCom-CH4 model exercise, are combined with a prior scenario of methane emissions and sinks, and integrated into the PYVAR-LMDZ-SACS inverse system to produce 10 different methane emission estimates at the global scale for the year 2005. The same set-up has been used to produce the synthetic observations and to compute flux estimates by inverse modelling, which means that only differences in the modelling of atmospheric transport may cause differences in the estimated fluxes. In our framework, we show that transport model errors lead to a discrepancy of 27 Tg CH4 per year at the global scale, representing 5% of the total methane emissions. At continental and yearly scales, transport model errors have bigger impacts depending on the region, ranging from 36 Tg CH4 in north America to 7 Tg CH4 in Boreal Eurasian (from 23% to 48%). At the model gridbox scale, the spread of inverse estimates can even reach 150% of the prior flux. Thus, transport model errors contribute to significant uncertainties on the methane estimates by inverse modelling, especially when small spatial scales are invoked. Sensitivity tests have been carried out to estimate the impact of the measurement network and the advantage of higher resolution models. The analysis of methane estimated fluxes in these different configurations questions the consistency of transport model errors in current inverse systems. For future methane inversions, an improvement in the modelling of the atmospheric transport would make the estimations more accurate. Likewise, errors of the observation covariance matrix should be more consistently prescribed in future inversions in order to limit the impact of transport model errors on estimated methane fluxes.

scholarly journals A “Young Farmer Problem”? Opportunities and Constraints for Generational Renewal in Farm Management: An Example from Southern Europe

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Eistrup ◽  
Ana Rita Sanches ◽  
José Muñoz-Rojas ◽  
Teresa Pinto Correia
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Complex Question

The existence of a “young farmer problem” in Europe has been recognized by scientists and policy-makers and is based on the widespread acknowledgement of the poor generational renewal rates in the farming sector and in particular in farmland management across the European Union. Despite existing support policy measures, young farmers (YF) face barriers which hamper the establishment and consolidation of their farming enterprises. Focusing on Alentejo (NUTS II), in Portugal, this paper identifies the difficulties YF face to accessing land, the high investment costs required to set up a farming unit, and the insufficient access to credit as the main reasons why young people are prevented from setting up their farming enterprises. Existing policy support measures targeting YF are widely perceived as inefficient with regard to triggering generational renewal. Hence, our findings suggest that not only is it necessary to pay greater attention to the complex question of land tenure, but that also the impact of policies implemented in the past should be examined in detail in order to develop and implement more effective measures that are sensitive to the different national and regional contexts.

The Growing Impact of ICT on Development in Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 403-415
Author(s):  
Sherif H. Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information Acquisition ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Development Paths

Information and communication technology for development has been evolving for almost four decades, realizing business and socioeconomic development and growth and capitalizing on channels for information acquisition and knowledge dissemination allowing the creation of an emerging global knowledge-based society with innovative means of communication that can help increase competitiveness for individuals, organizations, and societies. ICT tools and applications could be used as an effective platform to minimize the digital divide and promote social inclusion. The transformation process enabled through ICT is affecting different aspects of the economy and is forcing governments to rethink the way they handle their socioeconomic challenges as they move forward in their development paths. This chapter addresses some of the initiatives in Africa to minimize the intra- and inter-digital divide and join actively the global knowledge society by capitalizing on emerging technologies but more importantly by focusing on human capital as the most invaluable element in the technology ecosystem.

Studying Locally, Interacting Globally

2014 ◽  
pp. 1082-1106
Author(s):  
Angela T. Ragusa ◽  
Emma Steinke
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Set Up

This chapter uses findings from an online survey of international onshore undergraduate and postgraduate students enrolled in an Australian university in 2009 to critically examine and compare their expectations, experiences, and levels of satisfaction. This research yielded a plethora of unique and vital concerns that were further affected by variables such as students’ age and geographic location in regional/rural versus metropolitan areas. Moreover, the results of this study, in turn, can offer educators important initial insights they can then use to develop online educational materials or online courses for such internationally diverse groups of students. This chapter argues the gap between expectations and experiences requires further attention if the delivery of academic excellence to students from divergent cultural backgrounds, with different language skills and varying social norms is to be achieved within an environment that supports and reflects cultural diversity. The chapter also provides suggestions on how such factors can and should be addressed when devising online educational materials and environments for such students. The general trend towards freely circulating capital, goods and services, coupled with changes in the openness of labour markets, has translated into growing demands for an international dimension of education and training. Indeed, as world economies become increasingly inter-connected, international skills have grown in importance for operating on a global scale. Globally oriented firms seek internationally-competent workers versed in foreign languages and having mastered basic inter-cultural skills to successfully interact with international partners. Governments as well as individuals are looking to higher education to play a role in broadening students’ horizons and allowing them to develop a deeper understanding of the world’s languages, cultures and business methods. One way for students to expand their knowledge of other societies and languages, and hence leverage their labour market prospects, is to study in tertiary educational institutions in countries other than their own. Several OECD [Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development] governments – especially in countries of the European Union (EU) – have set up schemes and policies to promote mobility as a means of fostering intercultural contacts and building social networks for the future. (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2009, p. 310)

scholarly journals Reappraising Diplomacy: Structural Diplomacy and the Case of the European Union

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Keukeleire ◽  
Arnout Justaert ◽  
Robin Thiers
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International System ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Geographic Space ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual ◽  
State Regional

AbstractDiverse shifts have taken place in both the daily practice and academic analyses of diplomacy. The authors argue that the various conceptualizations do not sufficiently take into account that diplomacy is increasingly concerned with influencing or shaping structures. The aim of this article is therefore to reappraise the nature of diplomacy in general and of the European Union in particular by elaborating on the concept structural diplomacy. This concept refers to the process of dialogue and negotiation by which actors in the international system seek to influence or shape sustainable external political, legal, economic, social and security structures at different relevant levels in a given geographic space (from the level of the individual and society, to the state, regional and global levels). The EU's institutional and diplomatic set-up allows it to conduct structural diplomacy. However, the extent and effectiveness of this diplomacy strongly differ depending on the regions in question.

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