scholarly journals Development of Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Atenolol in Normoten Drug

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isam Eldin Hussein Elgailani ◽  
Tofeeg Haseen Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Regression Correlation ◽  
Detection And Quantification

This research aimed to develop inexpensive, safe, rapid, efficent spectrophotometric method for the assay of atenolol in some antihypertensive drugs namely Normoten in its pharmaceutical formulation. The studied method is depend on the reaction of the drug with phenol red in acidic medium, at pH 3.0. The analytical parameters have been investigated. The maximum absorbance was obtained at 429 nm and the molar absorptivity of 0.054 L mol-1 cm-1. Beer’s law is linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100 μg/mL for atenolol in Normoten. The detection and quantification limits were found to be 0.038 and 0.113μg/mL for the atenolol in Normoten respectively, and with a linear regression correlation coefficient of 0.997. The recovery was found to be 98.94 to 100.31%. The studied method is can be applied for the determination of atenolol (active ingredient) of the antihypertensive drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations.

scholarly journals Sensitive Spectrophotometric Determinations of Paracetamol and Protriptyline HCl Using 3-Chloro-7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumble Divya ◽  
Badiadka Narayana ◽  
Majal Sapnakumari
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Samples ◽  
Chromogenic Reagent ◽  
Detection And Quantification

A new spectrophotometric method is developed for the determination of Paracetamol (PCT) and protriptyline HCl (PTP) in pure forms and in pharmaceutical formulations. The experiment involves the use of 3-chloro-7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one as a novel chromogenic reagent for the determination of PCT and PTP. The method is based on the formation of charge transfer complex between the drugs and chromogenic reagent. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 10.00–60.00 µg mL−1 for PCT at 545 nm and 40.00–160.00 µg mL−1 for PTP at 468 nm. The molar absorptivity, Sandell, sensitivity, and limit of detection and quantification are also calculated. The method has been successfully applied for the determination of both PCT and PTP in pharmaceutical samples with acceptable results.

scholarly journals Leishman’s Dye as a Novel Reagent in Spectrophotometric Determination of Chloramphenicol

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 250-254
Author(s):  
Jamal Sudad Raeek Othman Nabeel Sabeeh
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Drug Compounds

By reviewing the literature, there is no indication concerning the use of Leishman’s dye in evaluating drug compounds by dye-color bleaching; hence, it is the first attempt to use Leishman’s dye as a novel reagent in the estimation of chloramphenicol (CAP) by an indirect spectrophotometric method in bulk and in its pharmaceutical preparations. The method includes the use of a great amount of N-bromosuccinamide (NBS) in the acidic medium as an oxidizing agent of the drug under investigation (CAP), and then using the residual of NBS for Leishman’s dye color bleaching. The absorbance has been measured at 622 nm (the maximum absorption of Leishman’s dye). A linear relationship was obtained for the Beer’s law with the concentration ranges from 10 to 250 μg/10 mL with acceptable values of molar absorptivity 0.58 × 104 L.mol-1.cm-1 and 0.055 μg.cm-2 of Sandell’s sensitivity index, which mean a high sensitivity. An approved estimation of CAP in its various pharmaceutical formulations was found.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric method for the determination of Captopril in pharmaceutical formulations

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 965-970
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Maximum Absorption ◽  
Neutral Medium ◽  
Pharmaceutical Tablets ◽  
Colored Product ◽  
Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method

A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of captopril in aqueous solution. The method is based on reaction of captopril with 2,3-dichloro 1,4- naphthoquinon(Dichlone) in neutral medium to form a stable yellow colored product which shows maximum absorption at 347 nm with molar absorptivity of 5.6 ×103 L.mole-1. cm-1. The proposed method is applied successfully for determination of captopril in commercial pharmaceutical tablets.

scholarly journals New Spectrophotometric Methods for Estimation of Perindopril Erbumine in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulations

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-327
Author(s):  
A. Unnisa ◽  
K. V. G. Raju ◽  
K. Balaji ◽  
A. N. Jyothi ◽  
T. S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Perindopril Erbumine ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Three rapid, simple, inexpensive, precise, and accurate spectrophotometric procedures were developed for the determination of Perindopril erbumine (PPE) using cobalt-thiocyanate, citric acid and 2,3- dichloro-5,6-dicyano benzoquinone in bulk sample and in dosage forms. The procedures are based on the coordination complex of the drug (electron donor) and the chromogenic reagents used. The colored products are extracted into non aqueous solvents and measured spectrophotometrically at the optimum ?maxfor each complex. Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed good correlation in the concentration range of 30-70 µg mL?1, 4-20 µg mL?1 and 20-60 µg mL?1 for cobalt-thiocyanate, citric acid and 2,3- dichloro-5,6-dicyano benzoquinone, respectively. The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell’s sensitivity, detection and quantification limits were calculated. The developed methods were successfully applied for the determination of PPE in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations without any interference from common excipients and hence can be used for their routine analysis. Keywords: Perindopril erbumine; Spectrophotometry; Cobalt-thiocyanate; Citricacid-acetic anhydride.  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.   doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.16106 J. Sci. Res. 6 (2), 319-327 (2014)

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Determination of Bromhexine Hydrochloride in Its Pharmaceutical Preparations by Diazotization and Coupling Method

2020 ◽  
pp. 2172-2181
Author(s):  
Saad Hasani Sultan ◽  
Zainab Walid Majed
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dye ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Diazonium Salt ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Alkali Medium

A simple, fast, and sensitive spectrophotometric method was suggested for the determination of Bromhexine Hydrochloride (BHH) in its pharmaceutical formulations. The method depends on the diazotization of BHH by sodium nitrite in acidic medium to produce the corresponding diazonium salt. The latter is coupled with phloroglucinol reagent in alkali medium to form a yellow water soluble azo-dye which has a maximum absorption at 405 nm with a molar absorptivity of 2.7×104 l.mol-1.cm-1 and Sandellʼs sensitivity of 0.01517 µg.cm-1. Beerʼs low is obeyed within a concentration range of 0.25-15 µg.mL-1 of BHH. The LOD and LOQ values of the proposed method were 0.087 µg.mL-1 and 0.293 µg.ml-1, respectively. The proposed method was validated with standard methods and successfully applied to the determination of Bromhexine in its pharmaceutical formulations as tablets, syrup, and injections.

scholarly journals Development and application of spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of Metronidazole in pure and tablet formulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Masood ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab Ansari ◽  
Sharjeel Adnan ◽  
Muhammad Asad ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Nitrite Ion ◽  
Colored Complex ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Significant Difference

A rapid, simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of metronidazole in pharmaceutical pure and dosage forms. The method depends on alkaline hydrolysis of metronidazole releases the nitro group as nitrite ion and yielded nitrite ions can be used to give a colored complex that absorbs maximally at 505 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 9-100 mg/ml with molar absorptivity of 1.14 ×103 L mole-1 cm-1. The proposed method is precise, accurate and specific for the quantitative determination of drug in bulk and dosage forms. The results of analysis of commercial formulations and the recovery study of metronidazole suggested that there is no interference from any excipients, which are present in pharmaceutical formulations of metronidazole. Statistical comparison of the results was performed with regard to accuracy and precision using student’s t-test and F-ratio at 95% confidence level. There is no significant difference between the reported and proposed methods with regard to accuracy and precision.

scholarly journals Condensation Methods for the Determination of Darunavir in Pure and Pharmaceutical Formulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-401
Author(s):  
M.L.N. Acharyulu ◽  
P.V.S.R. Mohana Rao ◽  
I. Siva Ramakoti
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods

Two visible spectrophotometric methods were developed Aand B for the determination of Darunavir in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. The methods are based on condensation reaction with PDAB (Method-A) and ONB (Method-B) in presence of acidic medium with the primaryamine group in DNV. The coloured products exhibit absorption λmax at 639 nm and 452nm for methods A and B respectively. Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges 10-60μg/ml, 50-300 μg/ml, correlation co-efficients are 0.9983, 0.9989;Sandell’s sensitivities are9.9833 x 10-3, 3.0456 x 10-2(1 mole cm-1); and molar absorptivity values are5.4857 x 104,1.7981x 104 (μg cm-2) for methods-Aand B respectively. The proposed methods are applied to commercial available formulations and the results are statistically compared with those obtained by the UV reference method and validated by recovery studies. The results are found satisfactory and reproducible. These methods are applied successfully for the estimation of the DNV in the presence of other ingredients that are usually present in formulations. These methods offer the advantages of rapidity, simplicity and sensitivity and low cost without the need for expensive instrumentation and reagents.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF DPP-4 INHIBITOR, SITAGLIPTIN, IN ITS PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
C. Bala Sekaran ◽  
A. Prameela Rani
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Colored Product ◽  
Primary Amino ◽  
Development And Validation

A simple, sensitive and reproducible spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of sitagliptin phosphate in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method is based on condensation of the primary amino group of sitagliptin phosphate with acetyl acetone and formaldehyde producing a yellow colored product, which is measured spectrophotometrically at 430nm. The color was stable for about 1 hour. Beer’s law is obeyed over a concentration range of 5-25 μg/ml. The apparent molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity values are 1.067 x 104 Lmol-1cm-1 and 0.0471 μgcm-2 respectively. All the variables were studied to optimize the reaction conditions. No interference was observed in the presence of common pharmaceutical excipients. The validity of the method was tested by analyzing sitagliptin phosphate in its pharmaceutical preparations. Good recoveries were obtained. The developed method was successfully employed for the determination of sitagliptin phosphate in various pharmaceutical preparations.

scholarly journals Novel Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Selegiline Hydrochloride in Bulk and Its Pharmaceutical Preparation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumble Divya ◽  
Badiadka Narayana
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Colored Product ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Optimum Reaction Condition

A simple and highly selective spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of selegiline hydrochloride in bulk and formulations. Method A is based on the oxidation of 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone in the presence of ceric ammonium sulphate, followed by its coupling reaction with drug to form a colored product having λmax of 629 nm. Method B is based on the coupling reaction of drug with 4-aminoantipyrine to give a new ligand that reacts with copper(II) to give intense bluish red colored chelate which is measured at 539 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the range of 10.00–85.00 μg mL−1 with molar absorptivity of 0.98×104 for method A and 20.00–120.00 μg mL−1 with molar absorptivity of 0.94×104 for method B. The optimum reaction condition and the analytical parameters are evaluated. The results obtained indicate that the methods are free from interference of the ingredients; thus they are successfully applied to pharmaceutical formulations.

Spectrophotometric Method for Microdetermination of Nitrogen in Kjeldahl Digest

1989 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 953-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muljibhai B Devani ◽  
Chamanlal J Shishoo ◽  
Shailesh A Shah ◽  
Bhanubhai N Suhagia
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Kjeldahl Method ◽  
Aoac Method

Abstract A new spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrogen in Kjeldahl digest has been developed. The method is based on the reaction of ammonia with acetylacetone-formaldehyde reagent in aqueous medium to yield yellow 3,5-diacetyl- 1,4-dihydrolutidine with a characteristic absorption maxima at 412 nm. The effect of several experimental variables on the determination of nitrogen was studied. The method was suitable for determination of nitrogen in acidic medium without interference from the usual catalysts employed for the digestion in Kjeldahl method. Lambert-Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 0.5-6.0 ng nitrogen/mL in the reaction mixture. The molar absorptivity in terms of nitrogen was 1.4 X 103L mol-1 cm-1. The standard deviation and relative standard deviation were ±0.0447 and ±0.896% (n = 10), respectively. The method is simple, rapid, and precise. A variety of carbocyclic and heterocyclic nitrogen compounds have been analyzed for nitrogen content. The results are comparable with those obtained by AOAC method, 47.021.

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