Subdoses of Dicamba Herbicide on Yield Componentes in Function of the Soybean Growth Stage

Soybean cultivars without tolerance can suffer injury from exposure to tank herbicide residues. This study aimed at assessing the potential effects of the broad spectrum herbicide dicamba on sensitive soybean during its vegetative and reproductive stages. The trial was performed in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Six rates (1.4, 2.8, 5.6, 11.2, 16.8 and 28.0 g ae ha-1) of dicamba were applied at two soybean growth stages (V3 and R2). The soybeans were planted in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul state in 2015/16 agricultural year. The dicamba induced symptoms of soybean phytotoxicity showed a steady rise at all the assessment times. The soybean decreased in height as the subdose of the herbicide increased. Dicamba was observed to negatively affect the number of nodes alone, during the V3 and R2 stages. The grain yield was adversely affected at the 28.0 g ae ha-1 subdose, in the V3 application stage, and in response to the 16.8 and 28.0 g ae ha-1 subdoses in the R2 stage.

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Tolerance to preharvest sprouting and yield of wheat genotypes from different breeding programs

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2015000800008 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (8) ◽

pp. 698-706

Author(s):

Rafael Nörnberg ◽

José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva ◽

Henrique de Souza Luche ◽

Elisane Weber Tessmann ◽

Sydney Antonio Frehner Kavalco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Preharvest Sprouting ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Falling Number ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Superior Genotypes ◽

Selection Of

Abstract:The objective of this work was to characterize the performance of elite wheat genotypes from different Brazilian breeding programs for traits associated with grain yield and preharvest sprouting. The study was conducted in 2010 and 2011 in the municipality of Capão do Leão, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Thirty-three wheat genotypes were evaluated for traits related to preharvest sprouting and grain yield. The estimate of genetic distance was used to predict potential combinations for selection of plants with high grain yield and tolerance to preharvest sprouting. The combined analysis of sprouted grains and falling number shows that the TBIO Alvorada, TBIO Mestre, Frontana, Fundacep Raízes, Fundacep Cristalino, and BRS Guamirim genotypes are tolerant to preharvest sprouting. Combinations of TBIO Alvorada and TBIO Mestre with Fundacep Cristalino show high potential for recovering superior genotypes for high grain yield and tolerance to preharvest sprouting.

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Defoliation percentage in two soybean cultivars at different growth stages

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n6p567-573 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 567-573 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Cláudio A. da S. Glier ◽

José B. Duarte Júnior ◽

Gabriel M. Fachin ◽

Antonio C. T. da Costa ◽

Vandeir F. Guimarães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Production Potential ◽

Soybean Cultivars ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Different Levels ◽

Different Growth Stages ◽

Phenological Phases

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic variables due to the effects of different levels of defoliation in the phenological phases of two soybean cultivars. The experiment was conducted during the 2011/2012 season, in a randomized block design with three replicates, in a 2 x 4 x 5 factorial scheme. Two cultivars were exposed to defoliations of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% at the stages of V4, V9, R3 and R5. The cultivar 'NK 7059RR' showed less sensitivity to defoliation than the cultivar 'IN 4990RG'. 25% defoliation levels reduced the yield of the cultivar 'IN 4990RG', while levels of 75 and 100% reduce the number of grains per pod in both cultivars. The defoliation performed in the V4 stage lead to lower grain yield than defoliation in V9. The most sensitive stages to defoliation are R3 and R5, where there is a greater reduction in the production potential of soybeans.

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Fungicides application in corn disease control and mycotoxin accumulation in grain

International Journal for Innovation Education and Research ◽

10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss8.2555 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 519-529

Author(s):

Gilmar Seidel ◽

Caroline Wesp ◽

Jana Koefender ◽

Diego Pascoal Golle ◽

André Schoffel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Control ◽

Block Design ◽

Rio Grande ◽

White Spot ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Phenological Stage ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Different Growth Stages ◽

Summer Crop

In Brazil, corn planted area increased by 30%. Therefore, there was also an increase in the incidence of pathogens in the crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of fungicide applications on corn crops in the different growth stages for the control of the diseases and its effect on the occurrence of mycotoxins in the grain. The experiment was carried out in the 2017/2018 summer crop, in the municipality of Cruz Alta, state of Rio Grande do Sul/BR. This study used P 1630 hybrid, in a randomized block design with eight treatments (control, V8, PT, V4 + V8, V4 + V8 + PT, V8 + PT, V8 + PT + 15, PT + 15) and three replicates. The fungicide fluxapiroxade + pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole at the dose of 1.0 L/ha-1 was used. The diseases that affected the crop were the white spot and helmintosporiosis, therefore, reducing the incidence of diseases. Also the highest yields were obtained where the applications started at the phenological stage V4 and V8. The levels of mycotoxins detected in this work remained within the limits of the legislation, with a significant reduction in the accumulation of fumonisin and aflatoxin with fungicide applications.

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Desempenho Agronômico de Cultivares de Soja Precoce em Função de Doses de Pó-de-Ametista

Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde ◽

10.17921/1415-6938.2020v24n4p343-347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 343-347

Author(s):

Karen Annie Dias de Morais ◽

Alan Mario Zuffo ◽

Jorge González Aguilera ◽

Francisco Mendes de Oliveira Neto ◽

Elicia Lidiane Santos da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Soybean Crop ◽

Soybean Cultivars ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Rock Dust

A incorporação de pó-de-ametista no solo pode promover a remineralização e incrementar a produtividade da cultura da soja. Portanto, o objetivo com o presente trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e as características agronômicas de cultivares de soja precoce após a aplicação superficial de pó-de-ametista no solo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, disposto em esquema fatorial 2×4, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por duas cultivares de soja (Brasmax Foco IPRO e Brasmax Desafio IPRO) e quatro doses de pó de rocha [0 (controle), 3, 6 e 9 t ha-1], cuja fonte é resíduo de uma mineradora de pedra ametista. Na colheita foram determinados: a altura das plantas, a inserção do primeiro legume, o número de legumes, o número de grãos por legume, a massa de mil grãos, produtividade de grãos e o teor de proteína dos grãos. A aplicação de pó-de-ametista resultou em aumento no número de legumes por plantas, todavia, não alterou a produtividade de grãos, independentemente das doses. Palavras-chave: Glycine max L. Merrill. Pó-de-Rocha. Remineração. Abstract The incorporation of amethyst powder in the soil can promote remineralization and increase the productivity of the soybean crop. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the performance of the agronomic characteristics of early soybean cultivars after the surface application of amethyst powder in the soil. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, arranged in a 2×4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The treatments consisted of two soybean cultivars (Brasmax foco IPRO and Brasmax Desafio IPRO) and four doses of rock dust [0 (control), 3, 6 and 9 t ha-1], whose source is the residue of an amethyst stone miner. At harvest, the height of the plants, the insertion of the first legume, the number of legume, the number of grains per legume, the mass of one thousand grains, the grain yield were determined and the protein content of the grains. The application of amethyst powder resulted in an increase in the number of vegetables per plant, however, it did not alter the grain yield, regardless of the doses . Keywords: Glycine max L. Merrill. Rock Dust. Remineralization.

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Competitive ability of soybean cultivars with horseweed (Conyza bonariensis)

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582013000300006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 543-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M.M. Trezzi ◽

A.A. Balbinot Jr. ◽

G. Benin ◽

F. Debastiani ◽

F. Patel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Competitive Ability ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Integrated Management ◽

Block Design ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Soybean Cultivars ◽

Conyza Bonariensis ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Plant Characteristics

The existence of large areas infested with populations of Conyza spp. resistant to glyphosate in Brazil demands appropriate and integrated management strategies. This experiment aimed to identify soybean cultivars with greater competitive ability with horseweed plants and to determine plant characteristics associated with this ability. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with split plots. Seven soybean cultivars (CD 225 RR, BRS 232, CD 226 RR, NK 7054 RR, BMX Apollo RR, BRS 245 RR and BRS 255 RR) were allocated in the plots, and two interference situations (absence and 13.3 plants of Conyza m-2, transplanted seven days before soybean planting) in the subplots. The average yield loss due to competition with horseweed was 25%. Cultivar CD 226 RR showed no significant grain yield loss due to competition, compared to the control without infestation, but showed the lowest average grain yield. The BRS 232 genotype showed loss of grain yield of only 14%, and presented positive plant height and leaf mass at 20 DAE, as well as dry matter of stems+branches in all evaluations, features related to its higher performance and greater ability to withstand competition with horseweed plants.

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Relative maturity group and its relationships with the non preferential sowing season of soybean

Agronomy Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.33158/asb.r121.v7.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Valéria Escaio Bubans ◽

Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽

Camila Ceolin ◽

Natã Balssam Moura ◽

Francine Lautenchleger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Seed Mass ◽

Rio Grande ◽

The State ◽

Main Stem ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Agricultural Commodity ◽

Maturity Group ◽

Sowing Time ◽

Soybean Cultivars

The cultivation of soybeans is the main agricultural commodity in Brazil, the increase in the cultivated area in recent years and the productivity of grains is interconnected with numerous factors such as sowing time, water availability, temperature and photoperiod. The objective of this work was to evaluate the duration of phenological sub-periods and the productivity of soybean cultivars from different groups of relative maturation, sown in two seasons in the off-season in the northwest region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The experiment was carried out at Agropecuária Bubans geographically located in the county of Ijuí in the state of RS, considered medium locality. The experiment was carried out using a randomized block design with four replications, the experimental units consisted of four lines, four meters long, 0.50 m apart. The treatments were eight soybean cultivars with different groups of relative maturity (4.8, 5.8, 5.9, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.7 and 7.8) sown on January 5 and 22, 2019 (from agricultural zoning, the preferred season for sowing in this region is from october to december), constituting an 8 x 2 factorial experiment (Cultivars x sowing times). Assessments of the duration of phenological sub-periods and of the yield components of the culture were carried out, being measured with total plant height, first pod insertion height, number of lateral branches, number of reproductive nodes on the main stem, total number of nodes on the main stem, number of pods with one, two, three and four grains, pods mass of one, two, three and four grains, total grain mass per plant, thousand seed mass and grain yield. The most productive relative maturity group is 6.3 being sown in the first non-preferential season for soybeans in Rio Grande do Sul. The second sowing time changed the dynamics of association of the measured variables, with changes in the cycle, reductions in the vegetative and reproductive period.

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Genotype X Environment Interaction of Food Barley

Ecoprint An International Journal of Ecology ◽

10.3126/eco.v21i0.11903 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 41-48

Author(s):

Gebremedhin Welu

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Genotype X Environment Interaction ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Genotype X Environment ◽

Genotype Effect ◽

Environment Effects ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Barley Genotypes

The objective of this experiment was to estimate the magnitude of genotype X environment interaction on grain yield and yield related traits. Twelve varieties of food barley were included in the study planted in randomized complete block design with three replications. The ANOVA of combined and individual location revealed significant differences among the food barley genotypes for grain yield and other traits. The results of ANOVA for grain yield showed highly significant (p≤0.01) differences among genotypes evaluated for grain yield at Maychew and significant (p≤0.05) differences in Korem, Alage and Mugulat. The ANOVA over locations showed a highly significant (p≤0.01) variation for the genotype effect, environment effects, genotype X environment interaction (GEI) effect and significant (p≤0.05) variation for GEI effect of yield and for most of the yield related traits of food barley genotypes. Haftysene, Yidogit, Estayish and Basso were the genotypes with relatively high mean grain yield across all locations and they are highly performing genotypes to the area. Among locations, the highest mean grain yield was recorded at Korem and it was a suited environment to all the genotypes whereas Mugulat is unfavoured one. ECOPRINT 21: 41-48, 2014DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v21i0.11903

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Hill drop sowing of soybean with different number of plants per hole

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20170389 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Esmael Lopes dos Santos ◽

Victor José Agassi ◽

Alessandro Sartor Chicowski ◽

Julio Cezar Franchini ◽

Henrique Debiasi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Density ◽

Block Design ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Soybean Cultivars ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Cropping Season ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Cropping Seasons

ABSTRACT: In the last few cropping seasons, some soybean producers have tested the application of a hill drop sowing method, usually from three to four seeds every 30 to 40cm. However, there is a lack of information in the literature about the effect of this practice on soybean performance. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a hill drop sowing with different number of plants per hole on soybean performance. The study was conducted in Londrina - PR, Brazil, during the 2013/14, 2014/15 and 2016/17 cropping seasons. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four replications and a 2x5 factorial scheme. The first factor consisted of two soybean cultivars, BRS 359RR and NK 7059RR analyzed in the first two cropping seasons and BRS 359RR and BRS 1010IPRO in the last cropping season. The second factor was constituted by five in-hill hole-spacing treatments (HS) (8, 16, 24, 32 and 40cm), with rows spaced 50cm apart. To maintain the same plant density in all treatments (270,000 plants ha-1), sowing was performed manually, being then thinned out. After thinning, the distribution was one plant per hole at HS8, 2 plants at HS16, 3 plants at HS24, 4 plants at HS32, and 5 plants at HS40. The agronomic performance of soybean in hill drop sowing with different number of plants per hole is similar to that of an equidistant distribution of plants.

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Green ear yield and grain yield of maize cultivars in competition with weeds

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582010000100010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 77-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P.S.L. Silva ◽

K.M.B. Silva ◽

P.I.B. Silva ◽

V.R. Oliveira ◽

J.L.B. Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Modern Agriculture ◽

Maize Cultivars ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Ear Height ◽

Herbicide Use ◽

Ground Part

The reduction in herbicide use is one of the greatest interests for modern agriculture and several alternatives are being investigated with this objective, including the adoption of cultivars that suppress weeds. The objective of this study was to verify if maize cultivars develop differently, in competition with weeds, to produce green ears and grain. Randomized complete block design was used, with split-plots and five replications. Cultivars DKB 390, DKB 466, DKB 350, AG 7000, AG 7575 and Master, were evaluated in the plots, without weeding and two weedings (at 22 and 41 days after sowing) in sub plots. Twenty-one species were identified in the experimental area, the most frequent being Gramineae (Poaceae), Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae (Fabaceae) and Convolvulaceae species. There was no difference in the dry biomass above-ground part of the weeds in the plots of the evaluated cultivars. The cultivars behaved similarly in treatments with or without hoeing, except for plant height and ear height evaluations. Without hoeing, plant height increased in cultivar DKB 390, while plant height and ear height decreased in cultivar AG 7575. In the other cultivars, these traits did not change under weed control. The presence of weeds decreased the values of all traits employed to assess green corn yield, with the exception of the total number of green ears and grain yield.

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Bioefficacy of some biorational insecticides for the control of Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877, (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on greenhouse grown cucumber

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2016.107.2.14 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 107 (2) ◽

pp. 419 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Saeed Emami

Keyword(s):

Broad Spectrum ◽

Block Design ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽

Sodium Sulfosuccinate ◽

Set Up

Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 is a serious pest of cucumber in greenhouse plantings. Biorational insecticides are an alternative of broad spectrum insecticides for aphid suppression in greenhouse. In this regards, the efficiency of some biorational insecticides including soap based on coconut oil, surfactant based on sodium sulfosuccinate and antifeeding based on potassium nicotinate were assayed on A. gossypii in the cucumber greenhouse. The trials were set up in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Samplings were carried out one day before spraying and 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after spraying. The data were submitted to ANOVA and the means comparison was performed using Duncan’s test. The results indicated that the highest mortality in insecticidal soap, surfactant and antifeeding treatments occurred after 3 days, with 78.47 %, 67.16 % and 60.48 % mortality, respectively. The results of the trials are discussed in terms of improving management of the populations of A. gossypii.

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