scholarly journals Marandu, Xaraés and Piata Grasses Fertilized With Swine Wastewater Under Greenhouse Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Marinho Rocho da Silva ◽  
Joadil Gonçalves Abreu ◽  
Oscarlina Lucia dos Santos Weber ◽  
Alexandra de Paiva Soares ◽  
Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
The City

The management of swine wastewater is of great importance where swine breeding is considerable and can represent an important fertilizer at maintenance of forages. The objective was to identify the Urochloa brizantha cultivar more responsive to fertilization with swine wastewater. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with a 3 × 5 factorial scheme and four replications. The treatments consisted of three Urochloa brizantha cultivars (Marandu, Xaraés and Piatã) and five swine wastewater doses (0.0; 3.5; 7.0; 10.5 and 14.0 g dm3 pot-1). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in the city of Cuiabá-MT. Three cuts were performed in the aerial part of the plants with intervals of 30 days between them. The application of the swine wastewater, regardless of the cultivar provided an increment in the production of dry mass, plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves and crude protein content, besides reducing the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents. The swine wastewater can be used as an alternative in the fertilization of Urochloa brizantha, because the cultivars were responsive to fertilization.

scholarly journals Cultivation of ruziziensis grass (Urochloa ruziziensis) using swine liquid manure fertilization

2021 ◽  
pp. 377-386
Author(s):  
Marinho Rocho da Silva ◽  
Joadil Gonçalves Abreu ◽  
Oscarlina Lucia dos Santos Weber ◽  
Livia Vieira de Barros ◽  
Edna Maria Bonfim- Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Liquid Swine Manure

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of liquid swine manure (LSM) as fertilization in the implantation of Urochloa ruziziensis. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five treatments and four replications, with the treatments being four doses of LSM (0; 100; 200 and 300 m3 ha-1) and one dose of mineral fertilization. Seven cuts were carried out uniformly, after which plant height (PH), total dry mass yield (TDMY), crude protein content (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), macromineral extraction (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) and microminerals (Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu) of plants were evaluated every 30 days. Mineral fertilization provided higher PH, CP content and extraction of N and S, but lower NDF content. For ADF variable, there was no difference between treatments. The results of dry mass yield (DMY) and extractions of P, K, Ca and Mn showed that the effect of 300 m3 ha-1 LSM was statistically equal to mineral fertilization. For extractions of Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu doses of 200 and 300 m3 ha-1 did not differ statistically from mineral fertilization. Among the doses of LSM, there was increasing linear effect, with increases in the variables DMY (30.89%), PH (14.94%), CP (17%), N (53.01%), P (40.79%), K (27.84%), Ca (35.17%), Mg (29.6%), S (47.13%), Fe (31.2%), Zn (31.6%) and Mn (23.04%). For Cu extraction, there was a quadratic effect with the highest extraction in the dose of 26.36 m3, obtaining an increase of 19.94% in relation to treatment without application. It is important to study different LSM dosages to avoid risk of heavy metal toxicity. The LSM is an alternative in place of mineral fertilization for Urochloa ruziziensis grass.

scholarly journals Production and quality of tropical grasses at different regrowth intervals in the Brazilian semiarid

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e52842
Author(s):  
Genildo Fonseca Pereira ◽  
João Virgínio Emerenciano Neto ◽  
Gelson dos Santos Difante ◽  
Liz Carolina da Silva Lagos Cortes Assis ◽  
Patrícia de Oliveira Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Crude Protein Level

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and chemical composition of three forage species at different regrowth intervals. A 3 x 4 randomized-block factorial design with three forage species (Andropogon, Buffel, and Massai) and four regrowth intervals (21, 35, 49, and 63 days) was used. There was no interaction (p > 0.05) between forage species and regrowth interval on any of the chemical components evaluated. The crude protein content decreased but the contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and hemicellulose increased with increasing regrowth interval (p > 0.05). Only the contents of crude protein and ether extract were similar (p > 0.05) among grasses. A significant interaction was observed (p < 0.05) between forage species and regrowth interval on forage mass. Andropogon grass had the highest forage mass at 63 days (3,270.1 kg ha-1 DM cut-1) and the highest productivity regardless of the regrowth interval (19.1 t ha-1 DM year-1). Therefore, Andropogon grass was the most productive forage among the tested species. Pastures should be managed with shorter growth intervals due to the highest crude protein level and the lowest contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF GRAIN FEED QUALITY OF DIFFERENT BROAD BEAN GENOTYPES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Beyza Ciftci ◽  
Yusuf Murat Kardes ◽  
Kagan Kokten ◽  
Mahmut Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feed Quality ◽  
Animal Feeding

The objective of the present study was to determine grain feed quality of different broad bean cultivars and lines. For this purpose, Eleven different cultivars and five lines (Emiralem, Histal, Sorgun, Kitik 2003, Sakiz, Eresen 87, Sevil, Reina Mora, Filiz 99, Salkim, Luz De, Otonoto, Seher, EU 4446, Canakkale, Antalya, EU319) were used as the plant material. Experiments were conducted in randomized blocks design with three replications. Effects of genotypes on grain feed quality were found to be highly significant (P≤0.01) Current findings revealed that crude oil content between 0.62 - 1.58%, crude ash content between 1.89 - 3.30%, crude protein content varied between 22.30 - 32.14%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) content between 7.45 - 14.94% and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content between 16.08 - 28.05%. Seher, EU 4446, Canakkale, Antalya, Filiz 99 and Histal were found to be prominent for hight crude protein and crude oil, thus these genotypes were recommended for animal feeding.

scholarly journals SHOOT DRY WEIGHT YIELD, BROMATOLOGICAL COMPOSITION, AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ALFALFA CULTIVARS IN TROPICAL CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-438
Author(s):  
Adônis Moreira ◽  
Reinaldo Paula Ferreira ◽  
Duarte Vilela ◽  
Larissa Alexandra Cardoso Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Improvement to animal genetics requires the supply of superior quality forage, such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Under tropical and subtropical conditions in Brazil, alfalfa cultivation has been restricted to the 'Crioula' cultivar, although studies have indicated that other cultivars have excellent potential of yield. The objective of this work was to evaluate the adaptation and longevity of 92 alfalfa cultivars to the tropical edaphoclimatic conditions by assessing shoot dry weight yield (SDWY), crude protein content (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and nutrient content in SDWY. The 'Crioula', 'P 105', 'Rio Grande', and 'Springfield' cultivars were the most promising owing to their higher yield and lower reduction in SDWY. Crude protein (CP) content varied among cultivars, with the highest value found in 'Pro INTA Lujan' (24.5%) and the lowest found in 'Pecos' (18.8%). NDF content ranged from 25.8% ('Key II') to 38.7% ('California 50'), while ADF content ranged from 16.4% ('F 708') to 24.8% ('Diamond'). Nutrient levels of all cultivars were within the levels considered appropriate for tropical conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of nitrogen fertilization on protein and carbohydrate fractions of Marandu palisadegrass

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhaony Gonçalves Leite ◽  
Abmael da Silva Cardoso ◽  
Natália Vilas Boas Fonseca ◽  
Maria Luisa Curvelo Silva ◽  
Luís Orlindo Tedeschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

AbstractThe effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization levels on protein and carbohydrate fractions in Marandu palisadegrass pasture [Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R.D. Webster] were investigated in a pasture over five years. The experimental design was completely randomized with four levels of N (0, 90, 180, and 270 kg N ha-1, as urea) for five years, and with three replicates. The study was conducted in a continuously stocked pasture during the forage growing season (December to April) in a tropical region. The effects of N fertilization were similar across the five years. With increasing N fertilization, the concentrations of crude protein (CP) increased from 103 to 173 g kg−1 (P < 0.001), soluble fractions (Fraction A + B1) increased from 363 to 434 g kg−1 of total CP (P = 0.006); neutral detergent fiber (NDF) decreased from 609 to 556 g kg−1 (P = 0.037); indigestible NDF (P = 0.046), potentially degradable neutral detergent fiber (P = 0.037), and acid detergent fiber decreased (P = 0.05), and total digestible nutrient (TDN) increased (P < 0.001). Increasing N fertilization decreased the concentrations of Fraction C (P = 0.014) and total carbohydrates (P < 0.0001), and increased CP:organic matter digestibility (P < 0.01). Concentrations of neutral detergent fiber free of ash and protein (P = 0.003), indigestible neutral detergent fiber (P < 0.001), neutral detergent fiber potentially degradable (P = 0.11), CP (P < 0.001), Fraction A + B1 (P < 0.001), Fraction B2 (P < 0.001), Fraction B3 (P < 0.01), and non-structural carbohydrates differed (P < 0.001) across years. Therefore, N fertilization can be used to increase CP, soluble protein, and TDN.

scholarly journals Desempenho da rúcula sob condições de sombreamento e níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Rilbson Henrique Silva dos Santos ◽  
Mirandy dos Santos Dias ◽  
Francisco de Assis da Silva ◽  
João Paulo de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Saniel Carlos dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The City

Arugula is a crop of fast vegetative growth and short cycle, widely accepted worldwide. In Brazil, its production generates jobs and income for family farming. However, the use of saline water in the cultivation of this plant is one of the main factors that limit production. Given this situation, the objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of Apreciatta arugula cultivated under conditions of shading and salinity levels of irrigation water. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the experimental area of the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Alagoas, in the city of Rio Largo, AL. The treatments were obtained from the combination of two shading conditions (with shading and without shading) and five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.5; 2.0; 3.5; 5.0 and 6.5 dS m-1). The experimental design used was completely randomized in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme. Combined, the factors resulted in 10 treatments with four replications and one plant per plot, totaling 40 experimental units. Arugula plants were evaluated for leaf number, plant height, leaf area and dry matter of the aerial part. Increasing levels of salinity in the irrigation water, lead to a reduction in the number of leaves, plant height and dry mass of the aerial part of arugula plants cultivar Apreciatta. However, the use of shading together with the salinity of irrigation water up to 1.4 dS m-1does not affect the leaf area of arugula plants, being possible to cultivate without considerable losses.

scholarly journals Bromatological composition and ruminal degradability of Xaraés palisade grass under grazing in integrated systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e53004
Author(s):  
Francyelle Ruana Faria da Silva ◽  
Ana Karina Dias Salman ◽  
Pedro Gomes da Cruz ◽  
Marlos Oliveira Porto ◽  
Jucilene Cavali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Crown Cover ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

To evaluate the bromatological composition and ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of Xaraés palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha ‘Xaraes’ syn Brachiaria brizantha) under grazing in integrated crop, livestock (ICL), and forest (ICLF) systems, we conducted an in situ degradability trial in randomized blocks with three non-lactating 3/4 Gyr × 1/4 Holstein cows, provided with ruminal cannula. The management of Xaraés palisade grass was similar in both systems, differing only regarding shading in the ICLF system provided by eucalyptus trees (average 65% crown cover). Grass samples were incubated for 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 96 hours. Considering the passage rate 2% h-1, the Xaraés palisade grass of ICL system had greater NDF effective degradability in relation to ICLF (46.38% vs 44.98%). However, the palisade grass CP potential degradability was greater in the ICLF than in the ICL system (68.92% vs. 65.40%). The presence of trees in the pasture has effect on nutritional traits of the Xaraés palisade grass, increasing its protein content and degradability and reducing its fiber degradability.

scholarly journals Assesment of Biochemical Forage Quality of Sweet Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. saccharatum]

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abdullah Oktem ◽  
Celal Yucel ◽  
Ayse Gulgun Oktem
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

In this study, it was aimed to determine some forage quality characteristics of sweet sorghum genotypes in semi-arid climatic conditions. The experiment was set up in randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Research was carried out in 2016 and 2017 under Harran Plain second crop conditions, Sanliurfa, Turkey. In the study 21 genotypes of sweet sorghum were used. Crude protein content, crude ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), dry matter digestibility, dry matter consumption, were determined in the study. Significant differences were found between the genotypes for tested characteristics (P≤0.01). According to average of two years, crude protein content ranged from 4.20% (Tracy) to 5.90% (USDA S.Africa), crude ash from 4.44% (Theis) to 6.90% (Topper 76), acid detergent fiber (ADF) from 27.84% (Nebraska sugar) to 36.30% (USDA-Zaire). The highest NDF value was obtained from USDA-Zaire genotype (56.49%) whereas the lowest values were seen at N98 genotype (43.11%). Dry matter digestibility values were between 60.62% (USDA-Zaire) and 67.21% (Nebraska sugar), dry matter consumption between 2.14% and 2.85%. The highest relative feed value was obtained from N98 genotype (148.95) whereas the lowest values were seen at USDA-Zaire genotype (101.00). Net energy values ranged from 1.38 Mcal kg-1 (USDA-Zaire) to 1.50 Mcal kg-1 (Nebraska sugar). Considering the properties examined in terms of feed quality, it was seen that the crude protein content and net energy value was low. But ADF, NDF, digestible dry matter, dry matter consumption and relative feed values were within acceptable levels. Nebraska sugar, Topper 76, N98, Roma, M81E, Tracy and Corina genotypes were found as the best for forage quality in sweet sorghum. It was determined that sweet sorghum can be used as a forage source.

Rumen–reticulum characteristics, scaling relationships, and ontogeny in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 1351-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Luna ◽  
A. Duarte ◽  
F.W. Weckerly
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Virginianus ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Digestive Efficiency ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Scaling Relationships ◽  
Organ Mass ◽  
A Minor

Scaling relationships between body mass and gut capacity are valuable to predicting digestive efficiency. Interspecific scaling relationships between body mass and gut capacity have consistently estimated a slope of 1.0; however, intraspecific scaling relationships between body mass and gut capacity have been highly variable. We examined the influence of demands of growth and production on scaling relationships of body mass and rumen–reticulum characteristics in white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780)) because little is known about how juvenile and subadult ruminants accommodate increased digesta masses. We sampled 108 animals over a 2-year period and assessed the influence of body mass, time of kill, crude protein (%), and acid detergent fiber (%) in the rumen, lactation, sex, and back fat on rumen–reticulum organ mass, rumen–reticulum capacity, wet mass of the digesta, and the dry mass of the digesta. Juvenile and subadult white-tailed deer had rumen–reticulum organ masses, capacity, and digesta masses that were similar to adults because body mass and rumen–reticulum scaling relationships all had scalars similar to 1.0. Thus, under the confines of our study, ontogeny plays only a minor role in the physiological characteristics of the rumen–reticulum and the scaling relationships of body mass and rumen–reticulum capacity.

scholarly journals Glycerol inclusion levels in corn and sunflower silages

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana de Souza Martins ◽  
Juliane Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽  
Marili Lopes Lederer ◽  
José Luís Moletta ◽  
Shivelly Los Galetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Four Levels

Due to the seasonal cycle of forage, the use of silage to feed animals provides nutrients throughout the year. However, its quality can be improved with the inclusion of additives and other products. Glycerol is a rich source of energy and present a high efficiency of utilization by animals. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of glycerol inclusion on the chemical and fermentation characteristics of corn and sunflower silages. Two silage sources (maize and sunflower) were used and four levels of glycerol inclusion (0, 15, 30 and 45%) based on dry matter were carried out. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement with five replications. The pH values and chemical composition of corn and sunflower silages were determined. In both silages there was increment of dry matter, non-fiber carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients (TDN) added to a reduction of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber due to the glycerol inclusion. The corn silage required 45% glycerol to achieve the TDN level of the sunflower silage. The glycerol addition contributed to the increase in the nutritional value, offsetting loss of quality in the ensiling process.

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