scholarly journals Estimating Elephant-Grass Adaptability and Stability for Energy-Biomass Production by Regression Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Alexandre Gomes de Souza ◽  
Yure Pequeno de Souza ◽  
Rogério Figueiredo Daher ◽  
Verônica Brito da Silva ◽  
Geraldo de Amaral Gravina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Genotype Evaluation ◽  
Janeiro State

In Brazil, elephant grass has been researched for energy generation, as it represents an alternative energy source by virtue of its biomass production. The present study was developed to examine the adaptability and energy-biomass production stability of 73 elephant-grass genotypes under a biannual-harvest regime, using the methodologies proposed by Eberhart and Russell and Cruz. The experiment was carried out at the northern region of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Nine harvests and subsequent evaluations were performed at six-month intervals. Each harvest was considered an environment of genotype evaluation. After the plants were harvested, their dry matter yield (DMY) was estimated in t ha-1 harvest. Combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant effects of genotypes, harvests, and genotype × harvest interaction, by the F test. In five of the nine evaluated harvests, the genotypes had an average dry matter yield greater than the overall mean. The method of Eberhart and Russel was effective in identifying highly adaptable elephant-grass genotypes with high dry matter production stability throughout the nine harvests. When the method of Cruz was used, no genotypes were found comprising high yielding ability, adaptability to unfavorable environments, responsiveness to environmental improvement, and high stability altogether.

scholarly journals DIFFERENT STABILITY METHODS FOR CULTIVAR RECOMMENDATION IN ELEPHANT-GRASS FOR ENERGY PURPOSES IN BRAZIL

CERNE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Brito da Silva ◽  
Rogerio Figueiredo Daher ◽  
Bruna Rafaela da Silva Menezes ◽  
Maria Lorraine Fonseca Oliveira ◽  
Maria do Socorro Bezerra Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Non Parametric

ABSTRACT The elephant-grass undergoes successive cutting and periodical evaluations that it possible to identify clones with high stability for dry matter production, which can be used for energy production. The present study was carried out to evaluate stability dry matter yield for different parametric and non-parametric methods in elephant grass genotypes for biomass production undergoes successive cutting in the agroclimatic conditions of the Norte Fluminense (RJ, Brazil). The variable measured in the 40 genotypes was dry matter yield (DMY) at 2009, 2010 and 2011 in a field study designed as randomized block design with two replicates. Each sample was grown in different environment condition. The stability methods tested were the Yates and Cochran’s, Plaisted and Peterson’s, Wricke’s ecovalence, Annicchiarico’s, Lin and Binns’ and Kang and Phan’s. Results indicated that cutting (E) and genotypes (G) influenced significantly on the performance of dry matter yield. The non-parametric stability methods were effective for the evaluation of stability in dry matter yield. Genotypes Mercker, Pinda-México, Mercker 86-México, Guaçu/IZ, Mercker Pinda, P-241-Piracicaba and Cubano Pinda were stable stability dry matter yield. Hence, there are genotypes may be exploited in future breeding programmes in order to improve productivity of upland elephant grass over environment.

scholarly journals Correlations Between Stability Statistics of Forage Production in Elephant Grass

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Rogerio F. Daher ◽  
Bruna R. S. Menezes ◽  
Geraldo A. Gravina ◽  
Benedito F. de Souza Filho ◽  
Ana Kesia Faria Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Stability Statistics ◽  
Janeiro State

Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) is an important forage plant in the tropics and the potential of genotypes depends on the genotype × environment interaction effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare different stability methods of forage production of 53 elephant grass genotypes, in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The experiment lasted two years, a total of ten cuts with randomized block experimental design with two replications. The analysis of variance was applied to data from dry matter production (DMP), subjected to stability analysis using the following methods: Yates and Cochran, Plaisted and Peterson, ecovalence Wrickie, Kang and Phan, Lin and Bins, and Annicchiarico. The Yates and Cochran method showed more stable genotypes but being less productive. Plaisted and Peterson and ecovalence Wrickie methods presented a Spearman correlation equal to 1, so it is not recommended to implement them concurrently. Lin and Bins showed a strong negative correlation with the average being a method that indicates the genotype also very stable and productive. This method correlates with Annicchiarico, which also indicates productive genotypes by the confidence index. The genotypes most stable among the methods were: Pusa Napier 2, Taiwan A-143 and Merckeron Comum.

scholarly journals Biomass of elephant grass and leucaena for bioenergy production

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 3567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Aparecida Sales ◽  
Paulo Henrique Caramori ◽  
Wilian Da Silva Ricce ◽  
Marco Aurélio Teixeira Costa ◽  
Geovanna Cristina Zaro
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Potential Production

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biomass production of elephant grass and leucaena in Paraná state, Brazil, for the generation of renewable energy. Two field studies were conducted in the municipality of Ibiporã (23° S, 51° 01?W). In the first study, the dry matter accumulation curves were calculated, with sampling at 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 days after cultivation. The second study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with split plots. The total aboveground biomass production of elephant grass and leucaena was estimated in the main plot. Cutting times of 60 and 120 days after cultivation were evaluated in the subplots. The productivity of dry matter (kg.ha-1) was estimated using the biomass data. In addition, the potential production of energy from the burning of elephant grass biomass, and the potential production of total aboveground biomass and energy of elephant grass (in Paraná) was estimated using an agrometeorological model. Elephant grass can be potentially used as an alternative energy source. Leucaena has slow initial growth, and it must therefore be evaluated over a longer period in order to determine its potential. Simulation analyses of the capability of power generation, conducted based on the annual dry matter production, revealed that elephant grass could be an important source of renewable energy in the state of Paraná.

scholarly journals Comportamento Per se de híbridos de capim-elefante para fins energéticos

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Bruna Rafaela Da Silva Menezes ◽  
Rogério Figueiredo Daher ◽  
Geraldo De Amaral Gravina ◽  
Romildo Domingos Gottardo ◽  
Larissa Scheideger Athayde Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
Blade Width ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Partial Diallel

The aim of this study was to evaluate the Per se performance of elephant grass hybrids obtained by partial diallel crossing and also their parents for energy purposes through agronomic traits during rainy and dry seasons. The experiment was conducted at Pesagro experimental station, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil, in randomized blocks, with three repetitions. The crosses were made between contrasting parents in a partial diallel scheme with 5 female parents x 5 male parents. The treatments consisted of ten parents, twenty-five hybrid combinations and the control. Three cuts were realized for evaluations (April and October 2013 and April 2014). The characteristics evaluated were: plant height (ALT), in m; stem diameter (SD), in cm; leaf blade width (LB), in cm; number of tillers per linear meter (NP); dry matter percentage (%DM) and dry matter production (DMP), in t.ha-1. Variance analysis were performed and the means were grouped according to Scott-Knott test (P <0.05). It was oberved that the hybrid H4 (Cuban Pinda x Taiwan A-144), H7 (Cameroon - Piracicaba x Três Rios), H8 (Cameroon - Piracicaba x Mercker 86-Mexico), H10 (Cameroon - Piracicaba x Roxo), H13 (P241-86-Piracicaba x Mercker 86-Mexico), H17 (IAC Campinas x Três Rios) and H18 (IAC-86-Campinas x Mercker 86-Mexico) presented high biomass production.

scholarly journals Agronomic features of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) cv. Roxo under irrigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Ana Paula da Silva Carvalho ◽  
Roney Mendes de Arruda ◽  
Joadil Gonçalves de Abreu ◽  
Alexandre Lima de Souza ◽  
Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum Schum ◽  
Water Depths

This study aimed to evaluate how different irrigation water depths influence the agronomical features of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) cv. Roxo. Grass was cultivated in a pasture belonging to the Bovine Sector of the National Agrotechnical School of Caceres – MT. The experiment was a block design with five treatments and four repetitions. Treatments consisted of five water depths: 0 = 0% of available water (AW), 1 = 21% of AW, 2 = 34% of AW, 3 = 74% of AW, and 5 = 100% of AW. Evaluated features were production (dry matter ha-1), plant height, leaf/steam ratio, and stem diameter. Dry matter production of cuts from May and July increased linearly with increasing water depth (P < 0.05). Plant height increased linearly as water depth increased in the cuts of May and September, while the height of July cuts was 71.76 cm under an irrigation depth of 390.77 mm. In May, July, and September cuts, leaf percentage decreased linearly as water depth increased (P < 0.05). An increase of 1 mm in water depth reduced leaf percentage by 0.0936% (May), 0.0295% (July), and 0.0122% (September). Our results indicate that to improve dry matter production, May, July, and September cuts should be irrigated with water depths of 56.03 mm, 601.78 mm, and 577.65 mm, respectively.

A comparison of silages made from red clover/grass, white clover/grass and high nitrogen grass swards for beef production

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Stewart ◽  
I. I. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Grass Sward

ABSTRACTSilage cut twice annually (June and August) from a tetraploid red clover/grass sward and three times annually (May, July and September) from a low nitrogen (N) and high N perennial ryegrass/white clover sward was fed in proportion to dry-matter yield from each cut, over a 10-week period, each winter for 3 years to castrated male cattle of initial live weight 401 kg in year 1 and 425 kg in years 2 and 3. The silages were supplemented with 0, 1, 2 and 3 kg concentrate per head daily.Total dry-matter yield from the red clover/grass sward was similar to that from the perennial ryegrass/white clover sward (high N grass) receiving 360 kg N per ha but the digestibility, particularly of first cut material was much lower. Dry-matter production of the low N grass/white clover sward was 0·73 of high N grass sward and produced silages of similar digestibility and fermentation.Dry-matter intakes by the cattle were higher on the legume-based silages in years when clover made a worthwhile contribution to total yield, but this did not significantly improve utilization or animal performance compared with high N grass silage. Mean daily carcass gain per head on red clover/grass silage was 0·41 kg which was significantly less than the 0·61 kg on white clover/grass silage and 0·59 on high N grass (P < 0·001). Carcass output from red clover/grass silage was 618 kg/ha and 629 kg/ha from white clover/grass, both of which were significantly less than the 863 kg/ha from the high N grass silage (P < 0·001). Dressing proportion was also significantly poorer in animals fed red clover/grass silage compared with the other silage types.

Discrimination in Carbon Isotopes of Leaves Correlates With Water-Use Efficiency of Field-Grown Peanut Cultivars

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Wright ◽  
KT Hubick ◽  
GD Farquhar
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Relationship

Variation in water-use efficiency (W, g of total dry matter produced/kg water used), and its correlation with cultivar isotope discrimination in leaves (Δ) was assessed in peanut plants grown in small canopies in the field. Plants were grown in separate minilysimeters that were both embedded in the ground and positioned above the crop. Differences among cultivars were found in W and � and the relationship between W and Δ was compared for plants grown in open and closed canopies. Genetic variability in W in plants grown in the field under non-limiting water conditions was demonstrated, with Tifton-8, of Virginia habit, having the highest W (3.71 g/kg) and Rangkasbitung, an Indonesian cultivar of Spanish habit, the lowest (2.46 g/ kg). Variability in W was due to variation in total dry matter production more than that of water use. A strong negative correlation was found between Δ and W, and also between Δ and total dry matter. The relationship between whole plant W, including roots, and Δ was stronger than that between shoot W, without roots and Δ. The improvement occurred because of variation among cultivars in the root to shoot ratio. This highlights the importance of taking account of root dry matter in studies concerning W. There were significant differences in W and Δ between plants in pots above-ground compared to pots in the ground, with above-ground plants having significantly lower values of both W and Δ. The ranking of W and Δ among cultivars was not affected by the contrast in environment, which suggests these parameters are under strong genetic control. Total above-ground dry matter yield at maturity was negatively correlated with Δ, while pod yield was not. It appears a negative association between harvest index and Δ may exist; however not all cultivars used in this and other studies follow this response. Both water-use efficiency, Wand total dry matter production are negatively correlated with Δ in leaves of peanut plants grown in small canopies in the field. Measurement of Δ may prove a useful trait for selecting cultivars with improved W and total dry matter yield under field conditions.

scholarly journals Yield and nutritional value of BRS Capiaçu grass at different regrowth ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
Marco Aurélio Moraes Soares Costa ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueria ◽  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

The objective was to evaluate the productivity, chemical composition, ruminal degradability of dry matter and digestibility of BRS capiaçu grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) managed at five regrowth ages. A completely randomized design with ten replications was used in the BRS capiaçu elephant grass subjected to five cutting intervals (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days) in the summer, making a total of 50 plots with a useful area of 4 x 2 m. There were daily increases in the dry matter production in the order of 382 kg ha-1, with 49,859 kg ha-1 being produced at 150 regrowth days. The dry matter content and organic matter linearly increased (P < 0.01) at different regrowth ages. The crude protein content, in vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber linearly reduced (P < 0.01) 0.037%, 0.196% and 0.256% per day, respectively. Potential degradability of dry matter decreased from 68.9% at 30 days to 44.7% at 150 regrowth days (0.194 percentage units per day). The rate of degradation of fraction B 'c' was not modified (P = 0.94), averaging 1.46% hour-1. In the cultivation of BRS capiaçu elephant grass in the summer season, in the northern region of Minas Gerais, the age for harvesting between 90 and 120 days of regrowth is recommended.

scholarly journals Role of salicylic acid as foliar spray on hydride rice (BRRI Hybrid dhan3) cultivation in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Mohammad Issak ◽  
Most Moslama Khatun ◽  
Amena Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Matter Production

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of salicylic acid (SA) as foliar spray on yield and yield contributing characters of BRRI Hybrid dhan3.The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and six treatment combinations as, T1: 0 μM SA, T2: 200 μM SA, T3: 400 μM SA, T4: 600 μM SA, T5: 800 μM SA and T6: 1000 μM SA. The results revealed that biomass production, dry matter production and yield and yield contributing characters were significantly increased due to the foliar application of SA. At the maximum tillering (MT) stage, the highest biomass production (15.0 t/ha) and dry matter production was observed in T3 treatment. Treatments T4, T5 and T6 showed significant variation on the effective tillers/hill. The maximum effective tillers/hill were found in the treatment T6. The percentages of spikelet sterility were decreased with increasing the level of SA and the percentage of filled grains/panicle were increased with increasing level of SA. The insect infestation was reduced with increasing level of SA to up to 1000 μM. The maximum grain yield (9.21 t/ha) and straw yield (9.22 t/ha) was found in the treatment T6 which was identical to T5. On the other hand, in all cases the lowest results were found in the control treatment. The result showed that grain yield of rice increased with increasing level of SA to up to 1000 μM (T6 treatment). Our results suggest that foliar spray of SA might be applied to increase the yield of hybrid rice in Bangladesh.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(3): 157-164, December 2017

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