scholarly journals Assessing Management of Nitrapyrin with Urea Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer on Corn Yield and Soil Nitrogen in a Poorly-Drained Claypan Soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Habibullah ◽  
Kelly A. Nelson ◽  
Peter P. Motavalli
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Claypan Soil ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Poorly Drained Soils

Use of nitrification inhibitors (NI) in agricultural production systems is considered a risk management strategy for both agricultural and environmental considerations. It can be utilized when risk of reduced nitrogen (N) fertilizer use efficiency or yield, and risk of pollution from mineral N is high which can occur in poorly-drained soils that are vulnerable to waterlogging and runoff. Field research was conducted on corn (Zea mays L.) from 2012 to 2015 in Missouri, USA on a poorly-drained claypan soil. Treatments consisted of two application timings of urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) fertilizer solution [pre-emergence (PRE) and V3 growth stage], two application rates (143 and 168 kg N ha-1) in the presence or absence of nitrapyrin, and a non-treated control. UAN at 143 kg ha-1 with nitrapyrin at the V3 growth stage resulted in the highest yield (8.6 Mg ha-1). Similarly, pre-emergence application of UAN 168 kg ha-1 with nitrapyrin resulted in greater yields (7.7 Mg ha-1). UAN application rates and timings affected soil NO3-N and NH4-N concentrations more than the presence or absence of nitrapyrin during the growing season. A side-dress application of a lower rate of UAN with nitrapyrin at V3 was effective in poorly-drained soils when risk of N losses during the growing season due to unfavorable precipitation events and other environmental variables was high. A pre-emergence application of UAN with nitrapyrin was also effective and it may eliminate the need for split-application of N fertilizer later in the season thereby reducing the workload on growers during the growing season.

scholarly journals Management of nitrogen and nitrification inhibitors for corn and wheat production on claypan soils

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Habibullah
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
N Fertilizer Use

Use of nitrification inhibitors (NI) in agricultural production systems is considered a risk management strategy for both agricultural and environmental considerations. It can be utilized when risk of reduced nitrogen (N) fertilizer use efficiency or yield, and risk of pollution from mineral N is high. Field research was conducted on corn (Zea mays L.) from 2012 to 2015 in Northeast Missouri. Treatments consisted of two application timings of urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) fertilizer solution [pre-emergence (PRE) and V3 growth stage], two application rates (143 and 168 kg N ha-1 ), with and without a NI (nitrapyrin), and a non-treated control which were arranged in randomized complete block design. UAN applied at a rate of 143 kg ha-1 with nitrapyrin at the V3 growth resulted in the highest yield (8.6 Mg ha-1 ). Similarly, pre-emergence application of UAN 168 kg ha-1 with nitrapyrin resulted in greater yields (7.7 Mg ha-1 ). UAN application rates and timings affected soil NO3-N and NH4-N concentration more than nitrapyrin presence or absence during the growing season. A side-dress application of a lower rate of UAN with nitrapyrin at V3 corn growth stage may be useful when risk of N losses during the growing season due to unfavorable precipitation events and other environmental variables is high. A pre-emergence application of UAN with nitrapyrin was useful and it may eliminate the need for split-application of N fertilizer later in the season. Workload on growers soon before planting or during growing season, excessive wet field conditions in early spring, reduced N fertilizer use efficiencies due to uncertain climatic conditions during growing season, and environmental concerns of pollution from - 30 - N escaping from agriculture production systems may give an incentive to growers and policy makers to increase the use of nitrapyrin in the future.

scholarly journals Pronitridine Nitrification Inhibitor With Urea Ammonium Nitrate for Corn

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Claypan Soil ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

Nitrification inhibitors have been used to enhance the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers. This research evaluated the effectiveness of nontreated urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) at 0, 67, 135, 202, and 270 kg N ha-1 as well as UAN treated with nitrification inhibitors (pronitridine at 9.4 and 18.8 L ha-1 or nitrapyrin at 0.5 kg a.i. ha-1) to enhance N uptake and increase yield of corn (Zea mays L.). The study took place from 2012-2014 in upstate Missouri on a claypan soil. During the experiments, environmental conditions (high, medium, and low yielding years) affected corn response to pronitridine and nitrapyrin. In general, UAN plus pronitridine at 9.4 L ha-1 had similar effects on corn compared pronitridine at a higher (18.7 L ha-1) rate. During a high-yielding year (2014), in order to produce yields equivalent to 67 kg N ha-1 plus pronitridine at 9.4 L ha-1 or nitrapyrin, UAN needed to be increased 14 to 19%. Similarly, the amount of nontreated UAN needed to be increased 8 to 11% for yields to be equivalent to UAN at 135 kg N ha-1 plus pronitridine at 9.4 L ha-1 or nitrapyrin. Grain N removal and agronomic efficiency was highest with pronitridine at 9.4 L ha-1 and nitrapyrin combined with 67 and 135 kg N ha-1, respectively. This research indicates that pronitridine was as effective as nitrapyrin when added to a pre-emergence application of UAN placed between the rows in a dribble band.

scholarly journals Improvements in corn production technology using liquid nitrogen fertilizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00122
Author(s):  
Vladimir Milyutkin ◽  
Vladimir Sysoev ◽  
Oxana Blinova ◽  
Andrey Makushin ◽  
Natalia Prazdnichkova
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Samara Oblast ◽  
Solid Nitrogen ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The article is devoted to improvements in technology of corn production using liquid nitrogen fertilizers such as urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), in pure form UAN-32 or with the addition of sulphur UAN+S, with various methods of application before seeding or leaf-feeding dressings. This technology provides an increase in the corn yield with additional efficiency compared with the use of solid nitrogen mineral fertilizers like ammonium nitrate in conditions of insufficient moisture, which are typical of many regions of Russia and especially of the Volga region (Samara oblast).

EFFECT OF FERTILIZER FORM, METHOD AND TIMING OF APPLICATION ON BARLEY YIELD AND N UPTAKE UNDER DRYLAND CONDITIONS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. N. KUCEY
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Anhydrous Ammonia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Key Words Nitrogen

Urea, ammonium nitrate, and anhydrous ammonia were compared as sources of N for barley in southern Alberta in spring and fall, using broadcast and banded applications. No significant difference in effect was found among fertilizers when they were banded at a depth of 15 cm. When broadcast, the granular forms of N were not as effective as equivalent rates and forms added in a band. Spring-applied N was more effective than fall-applied N in three of the eight comparisons made. N uptake accounted for between 18 and 54% of the added N in the 2 yr of the experiment. Fertilizer additions had no effect on barley yield when water was limited over the growing season. Key words: Nitrogen, urea, ammonium nitrate, anhydrous ammonia, yield response

Effect of Nicosulfuron Rate, Adjuvant, and Weed Size on Annual Weed Control in Corn (Zea mays)

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Kapusta ◽  
Ronald F. Krausz ◽  
Mustajab Khan ◽  
Joseph L. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Petroleum Oil ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield

Field experiments were conducted in 1988 and 1989 to (i) evaluate annual weed control with nicosulfuron applied at rates of 17 to 70 g ai/ha with several additives and (ii) evaluate annual weed control with nicosulfuron applied at rates of 17 to 105 g/ha at three corn growth stages. In 1988, in the adjuvant study, giant foxtail control increased linearly with no additive or with urea ammonium nitrate as the rate of nicosulfuron increased. Petroleum oil concentrate, nonionic surfactant, and a combination of either petroleum oil concentrate or nonionic surfactant with urea ammonium nitrate applied with nicosulfuron increased giant foxtail control to 90% or greater regardless of rate both years. Nicosulfuron at all rates with no additive and in combination with all additives controlled 93% or more of redroot pigweed and Pennsylvania smartweed both years. Corn grain yield was related to the level of giant foxtail control. In the rate by corn growth stage study, giant foxtail, redroot pigweed, and Pennsylvania smartweed control was 90% or greater regardless of nicosulfuron rate or application stage both years. Corn grain yield was related more to the duration of weed competition than the level of weed control with grain yield 8 to 12% lower with nicosulfuron applied at the V7 growth stage compared with the V3 or V5 growth stage.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a new N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide formulation in reducing ammonia volatilization from urea-based fertilizers

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Lasisi ◽  
Olalekan O. Akinremi ◽  
Darshani Kumaragamage
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

N-(n-Butyl)thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) has been reported to reduce ammonia volatilization from surface-applied urea and urea ammonium nitrate (UAN). A new NBPT formulation (ARM U™, 18% NBPT) that contains a polymer allowing for lower application rate of NBPT was evaluated for its efficacy relative to Agrotain® (30% NBPT) and Arborite® (24% NBPT). Trials consisted of (i) a greenhouse study that compared two rates of ARM U-treated urea (360 and 540 mg NBPT kg−1 urea) with Arborite- or Agrotain-treated urea (480 and 600 mg NBPT kg−1 urea, respectively) and (ii) a field study that compared urea and UAN treated with either ARM U (360 mg NBPT kg−1 urea) or Agrotain (600 mg NBPT kg−1 urea) at two sites. Static chambers fitted with acid-charged discs were used to measure ammonia volatilization at six or seven dates over 28 d. In the greenhouse study, ammonia volatilization was reduced by 96% with either ARM U or Agrotain and 95% with Arborite. In the field study, ARM U and Agrotain reduced ammonia volatilization from urea by 80% and 66%, respectively, across sites. Similarly, ammonia volatilization from UAN was reduced by 46% and 60% with ARM U and Agrotain, respectively. Despite the lower NBPT application rates with ARM U, ammonia reduction by ARM U, Agrotain, and Arborite was not significantly different. The addition of ARM U to urea and UAN enabled lower application rate of NBPT without compromising its efficacy.

scholarly journals Urea Ammonium Nitrate Solution Treated with Inhibitor Technology: Effects on Ammonia Emission Reduction, Wheat Yield, and Inorganic N in Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Thorstein Nikolajsen ◽  
Andreas Siegfried Pacholski ◽  
Sven Gjedde Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Urease Inhibitors ◽  
Nh3 Emission ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate Solution ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

Urea is the most used fertilizer nitrogen (N), and is often applied as urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), which may be an ammonia (NH3) emission source after application. This study examined whether the addition of urease inhibitors reduced NH3 emission, and, in combination with nitrification inhibitors, enhanced fertilizer N crop uptake. In three experiments, NH3 emission was measured from plots (100 m2) to which UAN was added with and without inhibitors. In March and May, the plots were covered with Triticum aestivum L., Sheriff (var), and in July, the soil was bare. The inhibitor mixed with urea was N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and a mixture of NBPT and the new nitrification inhibitor DMPSA (3,4-Dimethylpyrazole succinic acid). Ammonia emissions were negligible from all plots after the first application of UAN due to the wet and cold weather while an average of 7% of applied UAN was emitted after application of UAN in April, where no significant effect of additives was observed. The harvest yield was low due to drought from May till August. Yield was highest when UAN was mixed with NBPT and lowest for untreated UAN. The highest emission from the bare plots was obtained from untreated UAN (17% of N), in contrast to 11% of N from the plots with added UAN + NBPT (not significant) and 7% from the plots with added UAN + NBPT + DMPSA (significantly different). Under the conditions of the current study, urease inhibitors reduce NH3 emissions in periods where the risk of emission is high, and the combination of urease and nitrification inhibitors increased yields.

SHORT COMMUNICATION: Volatile losses of NH3 from surface-applied urea and urea ammonium nitrate with and without the urease inhibitors NBPT or ammonium thiosulphate

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Grant ◽  
K. R. Brown ◽  
L. D. Bailey ◽  
S. Jia
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Urease Inhibitors ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Field microplot studies were conducted under zero-till conditions on a fine sandy loam (Orthic Black Chernozem) to determine the effect of the urease inhibitors N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and ammonium thiosulphate (ATS) on volatile losses of NH3 from urea and urea ammonium nitrate (UAN). Two studies were conducted, one in late May and one in early August. Losses of NH3 were measured on days 1, 2, 4 and 7 after fertilizer application, using ammonia traps. Ammonia losses were higher in the second study due to the higher soil temperatures and lower soil moisture later in the growing season. Total NH3 losses increased in the order Control < UAN + NBPT = Urea + NBPT < UAN + ATS = UAN < Urea. Total loss of NH3 during the 7 d after fertilizer application was higher from urea than from UAN, particularly in the first study. Use of NBPT was effective in reducing NH3 volatilization from both UAN and urea during 7 d after fertilizer application while use of ATS had little influence on NH3 loss from UAN. The NBPT may delay losses by slowing the hydrolysis of urea, but volatilization may persist for a longer duration. The delay in urea hydrolysis could allow time for rainfall to carry the urea into the soil, thus reducing total volatilization losses from surface fertilizer application. Key words: N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide, zero tillage

scholarly journals Management of Nitrapyrin and Pronitridine Nitrification Inhibitors with Urea Ammonium Nitrate for Winter Wheat Production

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Habibullah ◽  
Kelly Nelson ◽  
Peter Motavalli
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

Synchrony between soil mineral nitrogen (N) supply and crop N demand is important for optimal plant growth. Excessively wet conditions expose poorly drained soils to an increased potential of N loss and reduced N use efficiency. A two-year experiment with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was initiated in 2014 and concluded in 2016 in northeastern Missouri in the United States (USA). The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of nitrapyrin and pronitridine nitrification inhibitors (NI) applied as an early or late-split application timing (40:60%) of 79 kg N ha−1 or 112 kg N ha−1 on winter wheat soil and plant N status, as well as grain yield. Both NIs had no effect (p = 0.3917) on yield, while there was an interaction between year and the urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) rate on grain yield. Yields were similar (3550 kg ha−1 to 3686 kg ha−1) in 2015 between UAN application rates. UAN at 112 kg N ha−1 resulted in a 551 kg ha−1 greater yield than UAN at 79 kg N ha−1 in 2016. Nitrapyrin and pronitridine did not significantly affect soil ammonium or nitrate–N concentrations at depths of 0–15 cm and 16–30 cm compared to the absence of NI over the period of three months after application. Nitrapyrin with UAN at 112 kg N ha−1 had the highest grain test weight. Further testing of these NIs in combination with UAN for winter wheat production is needed under different climatic and environmental conditions to develop comprehensive management recommendations.

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