scholarly journals Improvements in corn production technology using liquid nitrogen fertilizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00122
Author(s):  
Vladimir Milyutkin ◽  
Vladimir Sysoev ◽  
Oxana Blinova ◽  
Andrey Makushin ◽  
Natalia Prazdnichkova
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Samara Oblast ◽  
Solid Nitrogen ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The article is devoted to improvements in technology of corn production using liquid nitrogen fertilizers such as urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), in pure form UAN-32 or with the addition of sulphur UAN+S, with various methods of application before seeding or leaf-feeding dressings. This technology provides an increase in the corn yield with additional efficiency compared with the use of solid nitrogen mineral fertilizers like ammonium nitrate in conditions of insufficient moisture, which are typical of many regions of Russia and especially of the Volga region (Samara oblast).

Effects of Different Foliar-applied Nitrogen Fertilizers on Balsam Woolly Aphid

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Roderick Carrow ◽  
Robert E. Betts
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Acid Diet ◽  
Woolly Aphid ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Induced Changes

Balsam woolly aphids were reared on young grand fir trees maintained in controlled environment or outdoors. Solutions of various nitrogen fertilizers were applied repeatedly to the trees and the effects on aphids and bark amino acids were studied. On trees fertilized with ammonium nitrate or a sequence of compounds, aphid population growth was less than on trees fertilized with urea or potassium ammonium nitrate. On urea-fertilized trees, populations multiplied 16.5 times in five generations, compared with a 5.7-fold increase on unfertilized trees and a 1.4-fold increase on ammonium nitrate-fertilized trees. These differences resulted from effects of these nutrients on aphid life history. Urea promoted aphid establishment and reproduction, whereas ammonium nitrate affected these processes, as well as survival, adversely. The highest establishment and survival rates resulted from potassium ammonium nitrate.These differences may be related to fertilizer-induced changes in the amino acid diet of the aphid. Thin layer electrophoresis and chromatography revealed that urea, ammonium nitrate, and calcium nitrate each increased arginine concentrations in the bark, the highest levels resulting from ammonium nitrate. Traces of phenylalanine and asparagine, found in other treatments, were absent from trees fertilized with ammonium nitrate during June.

The effects of the date of applying anhydrous ammonia or a solid nitrogen fertilizer on the spring growth from a pure perennial ryegrass sward

1970 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Reid ◽  
M. E. Catle
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Anhydrous Ammonia ◽  
Nitrate Treatment ◽  
Solid Nitrogen ◽  
Grass Sward ◽  
Frequent Sampling

SUMMARYTwo 1-year experiments are described in which a single dressing of 120 lb N/acre (134 kg/ha) was applied to a grass sward as anhydrous ammonia (82% N), ammonium nitrate (34·5% N) or sulphate of ammonia (21% N) at various dates from December to April. The pattern of primary growth from each of the treatments was recorded from early April until mid-June by frequent sampling of the herbage to determine the dry matter and crude protein yields. At every date of fertilizer application from late January to mid-April the growth rate of the herbage was markedly lower with anhydrous ammonia than with ammonium nitrate. With the December applications the spring growth rate of herbage from the anhydrous ammonia treatment was similar to that from the ammonium nitrate treatment. Applications of sulphate of ammonia gave results almost identical with those obtained from ammonium nitrate. The calculation of the dates on which a yield of 2000 lb dry matter/acre (2242 kg/ha) would have been available for dairy cow grazing showed clearly a delay of 12–15 days where anhydrous ammonia rather than ammonium nitrate was applied. The response to anhydrous ammonia was improved by applying it early in the year but solid nitrogen fertilizers, applied either early in the season or when growth was starting, gave higher yields of herbage than anhydrous ammonia.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers and seeding rates on the yield and quality of spring wheat grain

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Dmitry Aleksandrovich Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Germinating Seeds

The article presents the results of field research conducted in 2018-2019 on leached Chernozem of the Volga forest-steppe. The objects of research are varieties of spring wheat-Tulaykovskaya 10, Yoldyz and Tulaykovskaya 108. At different seeding rates of 5.0 and 5.5 million germinating seeds per ha, the effect of mineral fertilizers on 1 ha was studied. They were represented by a complete mineral fertilizer (azofoska) and fertilizing with a mineral nitrogen fertilizer in the tillering phase at doses of 30, 60 and 90 kg of AD/ha against this background. Analysis of the yield of spring wheat varieties indicates that the harvest of grain variety Yoldyz in variants with a seeding rate of 5.5 million germinating seeds per ha against the background of the application of ammonium nitrate at a dose of 60 kg of DA (2.52 t/ha) was superior to other varieties Tulaykovskaya 10 and Tulaykovskaya 108 (2.51 and 2.46 t/ha). The maximum increase in seed productivity when adding ammonium nitrate in the tillage phase of the crop was in Tulaykovskaya 10 variety (0.34 t/ha), the lowest in the Yoldyz variety (0.06 t/ha) compared to the variant with amofoska application in the pre-sowing cultivation. When increasing the doses of nitrogen fertilizers there was an increase in the water content of all the studied varieties by 1-3 PCs. While increasing the seeding rate from 5.0 to 5.5 million germinating seeds per 1 ha the number of grains in the ear changed on average for varieties by 1-2 PCs. Of all the studied varieties, the largest mass of 1,000 grains was in the Yoldyz variety (40.56 g) after azofoska application in the presowing cultivation + N60 during tillering at a seeding rate of 5.0 million germinating seeds per 1 ha, the smallest in the Tulaykovskaya 108 variety (37.87 g) after azofoska application at a dose of 0.15 t/ha at a seeding rate of 5.0 million   germinating seeds per 1 ha.

scholarly journals Pronitridine Nitrification Inhibitor With Urea Ammonium Nitrate for Corn

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Claypan Soil ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

Nitrification inhibitors have been used to enhance the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers. This research evaluated the effectiveness of nontreated urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) at 0, 67, 135, 202, and 270 kg N ha-1 as well as UAN treated with nitrification inhibitors (pronitridine at 9.4 and 18.8 L ha-1 or nitrapyrin at 0.5 kg a.i. ha-1) to enhance N uptake and increase yield of corn (Zea mays L.). The study took place from 2012-2014 in upstate Missouri on a claypan soil. During the experiments, environmental conditions (high, medium, and low yielding years) affected corn response to pronitridine and nitrapyrin. In general, UAN plus pronitridine at 9.4 L ha-1 had similar effects on corn compared pronitridine at a higher (18.7 L ha-1) rate. During a high-yielding year (2014), in order to produce yields equivalent to 67 kg N ha-1 plus pronitridine at 9.4 L ha-1 or nitrapyrin, UAN needed to be increased 14 to 19%. Similarly, the amount of nontreated UAN needed to be increased 8 to 11% for yields to be equivalent to UAN at 135 kg N ha-1 plus pronitridine at 9.4 L ha-1 or nitrapyrin. Grain N removal and agronomic efficiency was highest with pronitridine at 9.4 L ha-1 and nitrapyrin combined with 67 and 135 kg N ha-1, respectively. This research indicates that pronitridine was as effective as nitrapyrin when added to a pre-emergence application of UAN placed between the rows in a dribble band.

scholarly journals Assessing Management of Nitrapyrin with Urea Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer on Corn Yield and Soil Nitrogen in a Poorly-Drained Claypan Soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Habibullah ◽  
Kelly A. Nelson ◽  
Peter P. Motavalli
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Claypan Soil ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Poorly Drained Soils

Use of nitrification inhibitors (NI) in agricultural production systems is considered a risk management strategy for both agricultural and environmental considerations. It can be utilized when risk of reduced nitrogen (N) fertilizer use efficiency or yield, and risk of pollution from mineral N is high which can occur in poorly-drained soils that are vulnerable to waterlogging and runoff. Field research was conducted on corn (Zea mays L.) from 2012 to 2015 in Missouri, USA on a poorly-drained claypan soil. Treatments consisted of two application timings of urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) fertilizer solution [pre-emergence (PRE) and V3 growth stage], two application rates (143 and 168 kg N ha-1) in the presence or absence of nitrapyrin, and a non-treated control. UAN at 143 kg ha-1 with nitrapyrin at the V3 growth stage resulted in the highest yield (8.6 Mg ha-1). Similarly, pre-emergence application of UAN 168 kg ha-1 with nitrapyrin resulted in greater yields (7.7 Mg ha-1). UAN application rates and timings affected soil NO3-N and NH4-N concentrations more than the presence or absence of nitrapyrin during the growing season. A side-dress application of a lower rate of UAN with nitrapyrin at V3 was effective in poorly-drained soils when risk of N losses during the growing season due to unfavorable precipitation events and other environmental variables was high. A pre-emergence application of UAN with nitrapyrin was also effective and it may eliminate the need for split-application of N fertilizer later in the season thereby reducing the workload on growers during the growing season.

scholarly journals Use of active microorganisms of the Pseudomonas genus during cultivation of maize in field conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holečková Zlata ◽  
Kulhánek Martin ◽  
Hakl Josef ◽  
Balík Jiří
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

The aim of this research is to estimate the influence of a bioeffector (BE) application on dry matter yield and nutrient content (P, K, Ca, Mg, S) in maize (Zea mays L.). Between 2014 and 2016, a field experiment with silage maize as a testing plant was realized on sandy loam Cambisol. The application of Pseudomonas sp. in combination with phosphorus (rock phosphate (RP) or triple superphosphate (TSP)) and nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate with urea, ammonium nitrate with limestone, calcium nitrate or ammonium sulfate with a nitrification inhibitor) and with different application strategies was studied. The effects of a bioeffector application on the increase of dry matter yields were not confirmed. An important influence on the BE application and its activity was probably those of soil and site conditions and competition of the researched microorganisms with other present microorganisms. Higher yields of dry matter were shown in treatments where P fertilizers were applied. There was almost no difference between the application of RP and TSP. This could be caused by the fact that the soil had a slightly acidic pH value. In this case, the RP showed similar results to the TSP. The application of bioeffector significantly increased Mg, K and S contents in maize above-ground biomass. An increase of the Ca content was almost significant and a tendency towards a higher average content of phosphorus was also recorded.

scholarly journals Effective use of various forms of nitrogen fertilizers in barley cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012016
Author(s):  
IA Bobrenko ◽  
V P Kormin ◽  
N V Goman ◽  
V I Popova ◽  
E P Boldysheva
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Effective Use

Abstract The paper aims to assess the use of various forms of nitrogen fertilizers (seedbed dressing and foliar dressing) in barley cultivation in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of the Omsk region. The research objects were barley, nitrogen fertilizers, ordinary steppe chernozem, forest-steppe meadow chernozem. Variety – Sasha. The most agronomic efficiency in the steppe zone, 5.52 kg of grain derived from 1 kg of fertilizer nitrogen, was yielded in response to the use of N30 in the form of ammonium nitrate and urea during sowing. N60 (seedbed dressing + foliar fertilizing) resulted in a reimbursement of 1 kg of fertilizer active agent in the maximum amount of 4.44 kg (ammonium nitrate + urea, ammonium nitrate + UAN). The greatest reimbursement in the forest-steppe zone, 11.11 kg of grain from 1 kg of fertilizer nitrogen, resulted from the use of N30 in the form of ammonium nitrate and UAN during sowing. N60 (seedbed dressing + foliar dressing) resulted in a reimbursement of 1 kg of active agent in the maximum amount of 11.11 kg of barley (ammonium nitrate + urea). The richest harvest of barley was taken in following seedbed dressing and supplementary fertilizing applied together during the growing season in a total dose of 60 kg/ha. In this case, the yield did not reliably depend on the forms of nitrogen fertilizers used; a greater effect resulted from nitrogen fertilizers in the forest-steppe zone.

scholarly journals Efficiency of application of agrochemicals when growing soybeans no-till technology in conditions of central black earth region of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (43) ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
No Till ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
The University

Field experiments to study the effectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers, a fungicidal seed disinfectant and an inoculant on soy were conducted in 2018-2020 on a typical heavy-loamy chernozem of the production farm "Levoberezhnoye" LLC "EkoNivaAgro", which is in the central part of the Voronezh region. The objects of research were soybean variety OAK Prudence (originator of the University of Guelph, Canada), inoculant Nitragin Zh (Fragaria, Argentina), fungicidal seed disinfectant Delit Pro, CS, pyraclostrobin 200 g/l (BASF, Germany). Mineral fertilizers were represented by ammonium nitrate (34.4%), ammophos (12:52) and diammophos (10:26:26). Soybeans were cultivated using the No-Till direct seeding technology. The sowing of soybeans was carried out with an Amity Single Disc Drill equipped with single-disc coulters with a row spacing of 38 cm. The forecrop of soy was corn for grain. The application of mineral fertilizers was carried out simultaneously with sowing in the row spacing. The yield of soybean grain in the control variant (without the use of agrochemicals) was the highest in the favorable moisture content of 2018, 1.50 t / ha, and almost the same in 2019 and 2020 – 1.24 and 1.23 t/ha, respectively. Average for 2018-2020 the yield of soybean grain in the control variant was 1.32 t / ha. The maximum grain yield was obtained on the variant with the combined use of the inoculant Nitragin Zh and ammonium nitrate at a dose of 200 kg / ha – 2.08 t / ha. The increase compared to the control variant was 0.76 t/ha or 57.0%. The greatest influence on the technological parameters of soybean seeds was exerted by pre-sowing inoculation of seeds and post-sowing application of nitrogen fertilizers at a dose of N70. Inoculation provided an increase in the protein content in soy seeds by 4.1%, and the application of N70 by 4.3% in absolute terms compared to the control. Keywords: SOY, MINERAL FERTILIZERS, FUNGICIDE, INOCULANT, YIELD, NO-TILL TECHNOLOGY

scholarly journals Study of the effectiveness of the applicator DRAGON 6000 for application of liquid CAS fertilizers in resource-saving technology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Shustik ◽  
◽  
N. Nilova ◽  
S. Stepchenko ◽  
S. Sidorenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Wide Range

The purpose of research. Analysis of the advantages and determination of the efficiency of machines for subsoil application of liquid nitrogen fertilizers in resource-saving technologies by evaluating the quality of the DRAGON 6000 applicator. Research methods: theoretical (analysis and synthesis of information resources); experimental field; statistical (mathematical processing of research results) according to generally accepted methods. Results. Experimental studies of the influence of the speed modes of the injector wheel of the DRAGON 6000 applicator for application of liquid nitrogen fertilizers CAS on the quality of the technological process were carried out. It is established that during radical fertilization with liquid fertilizers of corn crops with a row spacing of 70 cm the unit is able to provide a daily yield of 120 hectares in 16-row performance and projected 180 ha - in 24-row, provided proper organization of work and staff training. It is noted that in the conditions of growth of prices for mineral fertilizers and climate change introduction of ecological approaches and resource-saving technology of entering CAS on the basis of the DRAGON 6000 applicator is an urgent task which will allow to compete successfully in the world market. Conclusions. Analytical review of domestic and foreign information resources confirms that the technology of subsoil application of liquid mineral fertilizers, in particular urea-ammonia mixtures (CAS), compared with the application of dry and other liquid fertilizers, is becoming more widespread due to better efficiency, which is a derivative of plant nutrition, rational positioning of fertilizers at the required depth, minimization of evaporation losses, improved drought resistance in the cultivation of crops, and also has significant benefits by reducing losses of active substance, ease of adjustment and management of the work process. Studies have confirmed the possibility of providing the presented design of the machine a constant depth of penetration of needles into the soil with a wide range of humidity and different speeds, as well as the ability to choose rational protection zone for cultivation of corn plants without damage to achieve acceptable efficiency of liquid fertilizers. LLC "ROPA-UKRAINE" presents to the market to consumers the applicator of the Ukrainian production DRAGON 6000 which passed production check on the area of 500 hectares during continuous entering of liquid fertilizers of CAS on vegetative plants of wheat and in the course of interrow (radical) entering of CAS on corn crops. 1100 hectares. With a change of speed in the range (5… 10) km / h, in difficult conditions of work at excess soil moisture, the DRAGON 6000 applicator stably provides depth of entering into soil of needles 6 cm long on depth of 4,9 cm in a protective zone on distance 5 cm from the stems. Under these conditions, the fixation of fertilizers is high quality, and damage to plants is not observed. According to the results of experimental research, the applicator guarantees high indicators of technological reliability and quality of the technological process, has good transport characteristics and lateral stability when driving on field roads.

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