scholarly journals Initial Growth of Corn Using Human Urine, Cassava Wastewater and Cattle Manure as Source of Nutrients

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
J. G. Ramos ◽  
Vera Lúcia Antunes de Lima ◽  
Leandro Fabrício Sena ◽  
Narcísio Cabral de Araújo ◽  
Mariana De Oliveira Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Cassava Wastewater ◽  
Corn Hybrid

The present study aimed to analyze the initial growth of the corn hybrid AG 1051 cultivated in soil fertilized with human urine, cassava wastewater and cattle manure. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates and eight treatments: T1 (Control – without fertilization), T2 (HU – Human urine), T3 (CW – Cassava wastewater), T4 (BM – Cattle manure), T5 (BM + HU – Cattle manure + Human urine), T6 (BM + CW – Cattle manure + Cassava wastewater), T7 (HU + CW – Human urine + Cassava wastewater) and T8 (HU + CW + BM – Human urine + Cassava wastewater + Cattle manure). ESI (emergence speed index) and E% (emergence percentage) were determined by daily counting all seedlings emerged in a period of seven days and, at 15 DAS (days after sowing), plant height was measured. The use of cattle manure led to higher ESI and E% compared with the other treatments, as well as the variable plant height. For production variables, T5 caused highest increment in shoot dry phytomass and there were no significant differences between treatments for shoot dry phytomass. It was concluded that T4, T6 and T5 led to higher performance in the initial growth stage.

Improvement of two locally adapted cotton cultivars in earliness by induced mutations

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. P. Xanthopoulos ◽  
U. E. Kechagia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Cotton Belt

Seeds from two locally adapted cotton cultivars, Eva and Zeta-2, were irradiated by 300 Gy γ-irradiation in order to create useful variability for earliness within each cultivar, and then to select for desirable recombinations. Selection for earliness was applied in the M2 generation and the earliest 2% of the mutants were selfed for further evaluation. After eliminating the undesirable phenotypes, the remaining material was sown in progeny rows as the M3 generation. Selection for earliness based upon morphological and physiological characteristics resulted in 5 early mutants from cv. Eva and 3 early mutants from cv. Zeta-2. These lines were further evaluated the following year for earliness, yield, fibre, and seed quality in 3 locations across the Greek cotton belt, using a randomised complete block experimental design with 4 replications. Among the 5 early mutants of cv. Eva, only one was consistently early at all 3 locations, whereas the other 4 mutants showed significant differences in the first growth stages. From the 3 early mutants of cv. Zeta-2, one was consistently early at all 3 locations. Plant height, lint yield, length, micronaire, strength, etc., as well as oil %, protein %, and gossypol %, were not significantly different from the untreated checks.

scholarly journals Sumatran Fleabane Control using Glyphosate in Association with Halauxifen-Methyl Formulations

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H.S. ZOBIOLE ◽  
F.H. KRENCHINSKI ◽  
G. MORATELLI ◽  
N.V. COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
New Product ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Different Growth Stages

ABSTRACT: The effectiveness of a new product has a great importance to weed control, especially those that are difficult to control or resistant to, such as the sumatran fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis). The objective of this research was to evaluate the control of C. sumatrensis at different growth stages, using halauxifen-methyl in combination with other herbicides. The experimental design used was a randomized blocks in a 3x10 factorial scheme, with four replications. The plants of C. sumatrensis were evaluated at different growth: stage 1: plants with 8 leaves; Stage 2: plants with 19 leaves and stage 3: plants with 45 leaves fully expanded. The herbicides used were the association of glyphosate with the herbicides 2,4-D at 806, 943 and 1,209 g a.e. ha-1, halauxifen-methyl + diclosulam at 5.06 g a.e. ha-1 + 25.52 g a.i. ha-1 and 6.32 g a.e. ha-1 + 31.87 g a.i. ha-1, halauxifen-methyl + 2,4-D at 5.00 + 783 g a.e. ha-1 and 6,0 + 940 g a.e. ha-1 and halauxifen-methyl at 5.0 and 6.0 g a.e. ha-1 and untreated, totaling 10 treatments. The herbicides demonstrated satisfactory control of the plants in Stage 1 at 50 DAA, with the exception of the glyphosate + 2,4-D treatment at the lowest rate. However for Stages 2 and 3 the halauxifen-methyl + diclosulam in both rates, provided superior controls in relation to the other treatments. The control of sumatran fleabane was facilitated when their management occurs in the early stages of development, however independent of the development stage, the best controls obtained were with the treatment containing glyphosate + halauxifen-methyl + diclosulam at 1,440 g a.e. ha-1 + 6.32 g a.e. ha-1 + 31.87 g a.i. ha-1. Thus, combinations of herbicides containing halauxifen-methyl are another option to control C. sumatrensis in agricultural systems.

scholarly journals Organic Fertilizers Vis-à-vis Growth Performance of Euphorbia fulgens

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Florita O. Odivilas
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Made In

This study was conducted to find out the effect of fertilizers on the performance of two hybrids of Euphorbia as indicated by growth and flowering performance. The experimental design with controlled variables was used in the study. The use of organic fertilizers like the use of animal dungs or wastes was proven effective based on the different trials made. In terms of the effect of the fertilizers in the growth performance, there were significant differences on plant height, stem girth, number of leaves, and number of shoots during the 20th, 50th and 80th days of observations. The number of flowers was found to have significant differences in all stages. When measured during the 80th day of observation, significant differences were shown in the size of flowers. However, insignificant difference was shown in the diameter of flower bracts. As to the growth parameters, carabao manure yielded more leaves, and shoots and taller Euphorbia Orchid. It also produced bigger stem girths, wider and longer leaf sizes of Siam Ruby hybrid. As to flowering parameters, carabao manure influenced the growth of more number of flower clusters and bigger sizes of flowers of Euphorbia Orchid. On the other hand, chicken manure also influenced the growth of more number of flowers per cluster of Siam Ruby during the 50th day observation and carabao manure during the 20th day observation.

scholarly journals Selectivity of herbicides in initial growth of pre-budded seedlings of sugarcane

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-401
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Silva Junior ◽  
José Luiz Carvalho de Souza Dias ◽  
Dagoberto Martins
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

With the advent of new implantation technologies of sugarcane crop, the aim of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of herbicides in pre-budded cultivars of sugarcane seedlings. With the formation of seedlings from a gem of high sanity in tubes with substrates, seedlings, with an average height of 20 cm, were transplanted to 12 L pots filled with soil. The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial arranged in a (3x8), being the cultivars, CTC 7, CTC 14 and RB966928; and the herbicides (g ha-1): ametryn + trifloxysulfuron-sodium (1280 + 32.4); imazapic (150); halosulfuron (150); isoxaflutole (90); ametryn (5000); ametryn + clomazone (1500 + 1000) and amicarbazone (1500), applied 10 days after transplanting; and a control without application. The three cultivars of sugarcane visually studied responded differently to the application of herbicide treatments tested, being the herbicides ametryn + trifloxysulfuron, imazapic, halosulfuron and ametryn which caused less phytotoxicity. However, when confronting the other parameters analyzed, it was observed that ametryn + trifloxysulfuron, isoxaflutole, ametryn, ametryn + clomazone and amicarbazone for CTC7 cultivar, ametryn + clomazone and amicarbazone for CTC14 and amicarbazone for RB966928, caused loss to the initial development of the crop.

scholarly journals Effect of spacing on the performance of newly developed Aus rice Var. Binadhan-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-378
Author(s):  
Md Robiul Islam Akondo ◽  
Md Belal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Other Hand

An experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of BINA Sub-station, Gopalganj to determine the effect of spacing on the yield and yield attributing parameters of rice. Four spacings viz. 15 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm and 25 cm × 20 cm were included in the study. The experimental design was a randomized completely block with three replications. Spacing’s 15 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm and 25 cm × 20 cm were adopted 49, 42, 36 and 30 hills per square meter, respectively. Results revealed that different spacing performed significantly differed yield contributing characters (plant height, panicle length, number of effective and non-effective tillers, number of filled and unfilled grain, grain and straw yield of rice. Results indicated that the highest plant height (83.40 cm), panicle length (19.73), number of effective tillers per hill (11.00), number of total grains per panicle (87.73), number of filled grains per panicle (70.53), root length (16.07 cm), root weight (38.00 g per five plants), harvest index (38%), grain yield (4.19 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.50 t ha-1) were found with 25 cm × 20 cm spacing. On the other hand, maximum number of non-effective tillers per hill (1.60) was found in 15 cm × 15 cm spacing. Results of the present study revealed that 25 cm × 20 cm spacing was found to be the best for obtaining maximum grain yield of aus var. Binadhan-19. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(3): 373-378, December 2019

scholarly journals Genetic parameters and productivity of quinoa in western Paraná

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmar Soares de Vasconcelos ◽  
Lívia Maria Lemos Hoepers ◽  
Rafaela Goularte Amaral ◽  
Vanessa Aline Egewarth ◽  
Andressa Strenske
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
The Other ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Low Cholesterol

 Quinoa has been gaining attention because of its nutritional quality, low cholesterol and lack of gluten; in Brazil, the cultivation efforts in the different regions are mainly related to breeding. This study aimed to determine the genetic parameters and evaluate the productivity of the different genotypes of quinoa for detecting genotypes amenable to selection. The experiment was conducted in crop years 2010/11 and 2011/12 in environment 1 and environment 2, respectively. In environment 1, the evaluation of 61 genotypes was performed, and in environment 2, 31 genotypes were evaluated. The experimental design was a randomized block with two replications; each plot measured 2.0 x 5.0 m (10 m²) and consisted of four rows spaced at 0.45 m. Data collected on the productivity, plant height at maturation and growth cycle were analyzed using an analysis of variance, average tests and estimates of the genetic parameters. The genotypes N24 and N08 were the only genotypes more productive than the other 46 genotypes, with values of productivity of 1446.23 and 1428.93 kg ha-1 and with a growth cycle of 117 and 111 days, respectively. The heritability values determined demonstrate the possibility of genetic gain using joint selection that involves two environments. 

scholarly journals Biometric responses of sugarcane under high doses of vinasse

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 641-647
Author(s):  
Monalisa S. Costa ◽  
Mário M. Rolim ◽  
Gerônimo F. da Silva ◽  
Djalma E. Simões Neto ◽  
José A. Santos Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
High Doses

ABSTRACT Rational use of vinasse as a fertilizer in sugarcane cultivation is a good option to increase crop development and yield due to its nutritional support, properly dispose of the by-product, and reduce costs of mineral nutrition. However, in the field, controlling the amount of vinasse can be difficult, interfering in sugarcane development. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate high doses of vinasse related to biometric responses in the initial growth phase of sugarcane plants. The experimental design was completely randomized, and the treatments consisted of five vinasse doses (0, 150, 300, 600, and 1200 m3 ha-1), with six replicates, except D0, three replicates, and one dose of mineral fertilizer with 70 kg ha-1 of N, 120 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and 90 kg ha-1 of K2O, with three replications. The biometric variables were evaluated in the following sequence: number of tillers per pot from 60 to 150 days after planting (DAP), plant height, number of green and dry leaves from 90 to 210 DAP, stem diameter, leaf area, and fresh and dry biomasses of roots and shoots at 210 DAP. Vinasse increased the biomass production through the number of tillers and the number of leaves compared to mineral fertilizer, promoting greater growth up to the dose of 600 m3 ha-1. The vinasse dose of 1200 m3 ha-1 decreased the plant height.

scholarly journals Quality of Yellow Bell Pepper Fruits Cultivated in Fertilized Soil with Yellow Water and Cassava Wastewater

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Ramos ◽  
M. T. C. C. Do Nascimento ◽  
R. F. B. Guimarães ◽  
M. De O. Pereira ◽  
V. E. Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Fertilized Soil ◽  
Cassava Wastewater ◽  
Experimental Plots

Currently there is a great need for reuse of water in agricultural activity, aiming at reducing environmental impacts and production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fruit production of hybrid Satrapo bell pepper, under fertilization with yellow water and cassava wastewater. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located at Campina Grande city, PB. The experimental design was completely randomized, with eight treatments and five replications, totaling 40 experimental plots. The treatments were characterized by fertilization with cattle manure (EB); NPK; human urine (HU); cassava wastewater (M); cassava wastewater and human urine (UH+M); the double volume of human urine (2xUH); the double volume of cassava wastewater (2xM); and the double volume of human urine and cassava wastewater (2xUH+M). At 60 day after transplanting (DAT) were evaluated the diameter, thickness of mesocarp, fresh and dry phytomass and number of lobes of yellow bell pepper fruits.According to the results, there were significant differences in the variables analyzed due to the treatments applied. The treatment corresponding to 2xM provided the highest results for length, diameter, thickness of the mesocarp, fresh and dry phytomass of the bell pepper fruits. On the contrary, 2xUH was the treatment that provided the lowest values for these variables and provided the highest number of lobes.

scholarly journals Nutrient contents and growth of corn fertigated with human urine and cassava wastewater

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 681-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narcísio C. de Araújo ◽  
Vera L. A. de Lima ◽  
Geovani S. de Lima ◽  
Elysson M. G. Andrade ◽  
Jailton G. Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Cassava Wastewater

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the contents of macronutrients (NPK and S) and the growth of ‘Potiguar’ corn fertigated with human urine, cassava wastewater and their associations with NPK. The experiment was set up in greenhouse located on Campus I of Universidade Federal de Campina Grande. A completely randomized experimental design was used, consisting of eight treatments, corresponding to fertigation with mineral fertilizer NPK formula; organic, composed of yellow water, cassava wastewater and human urine associated with cassava wastewater; organomineral, composed of human urine associated with phosphorus and potassium, cassava wastewater associated with nitrogen and phosphorus and human urine associated with cassava wastewater and phosphorus, with five repetitions. At 50 days after sowing (DAS), plants were evaluated for the leaf NPK and S concentrations and growth variables: number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, fresh and dry mass of leaves, mass of stem and shoots. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and the growth variables number of leaves, plant height, fresh and dry mass of leaves, mass of stem and of shoot were influenced by fertigation with human urine, cassava wastewater concentrations and their associations with NPK. In the leaves of corn cultivar Potiguar the accumulated concentrations of N, P and K, at 50 DAS, varied in the sequence N > K > P. Human urine has potential as source of N in fertigation of corn and cassava wastewater can be used if associated with other sources of nutrients.

scholarly journals Production aspects of soybean cultivars in Machado region, south of Minas Gerais, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Antonio Pires Lins da Silva ◽  
Roberto De Farias Filho
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The Other ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Glycine Max L

Due to its productive potential and importance in human and animal nutrition, soybeans occupya prominent position in Brazilian economy. Its cultivation in the south of Minas Gerais has beenincreasing compared to other crops; however, availability of adapted cultivars still low. Therefore,the present research was developed with the aim of evaluating different soybean cultivars productiveaspects in Machado region, Minas Gerais, in order to identify cultivars that can be recommended forcultivation in this region. The experimental design consisted of randomized complete block designwith four replications and six soybean cultivar treatments (5D6215 IPRO, 5D634 RR, NS 7709IPRO, NS 7300 IPRO, NS 7667 IPRO and NS 7200 RR). Seeding was conducted in the second weekof November/2015. It was verified that Machado region was suitable for soybean cultivation, since allcultivars presented plant height and the first legume height of insertion was favorable to mechanizedharvest. Cultivars 5D634 RR, NS 7200 RR and NS 7709 IPRO obtained the best grain yield resultswith 3.676,62, 3.612,45 and 3.377,90 kg ha⁻¹, respectively. Cultivars 5D6215 IPRO, 5D634RR, NS 7709 IPRO and NS 7200 RR are within the acceptable levels of lodging for mechanizedharvesting. On the other hand, cultivars 5D6215 IPRO and NS 7200 RR demonstrate an emergencyspeed higher than the other studied cultivars.Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merrill. Grains Yield. Adaptability.

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