scholarly journals C-Repeat Binding Factor and Dehydrin Genes are Induced Co-Ordinately in Drought Tolerance Response of Wheat Cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csilla Deák ◽  
Katalin Jäger ◽  
Veronika Anna Nagy ◽  
Réka Oszlányi ◽  
Beáta Barnabás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Aba Sensitivity ◽  
Defence Genes ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Tolerance Response ◽  
Pcr Method

Four bread wheat genotypes with contrasting drought stress tolerance were studied. Expression levels of dehydrin (Wdhn13) and C-repeat binding factor (Cbf14, Cbf15) genes were investigated in leaves of two drought tolerant (Plainsman V, Mv Emese) and two sensitive (GK Élet, Cappelle Desprez) cultivars by semi-quantitative RT-PCR during drought treatment at anthesis. Coordinate induction of Cbf14, Cbf15 and Wdhn13 genes occurred at a late stage of stress treatment in all cultivars except the most sensitive Cappelle Desprez, where no induction was evident. The most pronounced late induction of genes was observed in the tolerant Mv Emese genotype. Cbf14, Cbf15 and Wdhn13 showed largely parallel changes of expression in stressed adult plants. The mRNA level of the same set of genes was measured in leaves of non-stressed seedlings with qRT-PCR method. Expression level of Wdhn13 was high and low in seedlings of tolerant and sensitive cultivars, respectively. Cbf15 specific transcript was barely detectable in leaves of non-stressed seedlings. In order to shed light on any potential difference in hormone responsiveness, seedlings were subjected to ABA treatment in vitro. At low hormone concentrations (10 and 20 µM ABA) consistently weaker ABA induced root growth retardation of GK Élet was found in comparison with the other three cultivars. Results highlight pronounced and late induction of a set of defence genes and low ABA sensitivity as features appearing in drought tolerant and sensitive responses, respectively. Data is discussed in the light of multifactorial determination of the complex phenotype of drought tolerance in wheat.

scholarly journals Seleksi Toleransi Kekeringan In Vitro terhadap Enam Belas Aksesi Tanaman Terung (Solanum melongena L. ) dengan Polietilena Glikol (PEG)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Erna Sinaga ◽  
Megayani Sri Rahayu ◽  
Awang Maharijaya
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The objectives of this study were to study the effect of several concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the in vitro growth of eggplant, to find the appropriate PEG concentration for in vitro selection to drought  tolerance  of eggplant  and the drought tolerant eggplant accessions. The experiment  was conducted  at  the  Laboratory  of  Tissue  Culture,  Department  of  Agronomy and Horticulture,  Bogor  Agricultural  University.  The  experiment  was arranged  in  a  completely randomized design with two factor. The first factor was concentration of PEG (0, 5, 10,  and  15%) while the second factor was eggplant accessions (Kania F1, 001, 007, 013, 016, 030, 034, 035, 055, 057, 069,  071,  072,  078,  085,  and  090).  The  results  showed  that  the addition  of PEG  to  in  vitro media significantly affected the survival percentage, the percentage of callus, developed the bud and the number of leaves of eggplant. Addition of PEG 10 and 15% in media can be used as the drought tolerance selective agent of eggplant in vitro. Kania F1, 001, 007, 016, 034, 035, 055, 057, 069, 071, 072, 078, 085, and 090 were eggplant accessions which might be tolerant to drought.</p><p>Keywords: in vitro selection, solanaceae, tissue culture, tolerant, drought</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mempelajari pengaruh beberapa konsentrasi polietilena glikol (PEG)  terhadap  pertumbuhan  tanaman  terung  in  vitro, mendapatkan  konsentrasi  PEG  yang  dapat digunakan  untuk seleksi tanaman terung secara in vitro  dan nomor terung toleran terhadap cekamankekeringan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium Kultur Jaringan,  Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura,  Institut  Pertanian  Bogor.  Penelitian  ini  disusun dalam  rancangan  acak  lengkap  dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi PEG  terdiri atas  0, 5, 10, dan 15%.  Faktor kedua adalah nomor terung terdiri atas enam belas nomor (Kania F1, 001, 007, 013, 016, 030, 034, 035, 055, 057, 069,  071,  072,  078,  085,  dan  090).  Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa  penambahan  PEG  pada media  in  vitro  memberikan pengaruh  nyata  dan  sangat  nyata  terhadap  persentase  hidup eksplan, persentase  eksplan  berkalus,  pertambahan  tinggi  tunas,  dan jumlah  daun  tanaman  terung.  Media PEG 10 dan 15% merupakan media yang dapat digunakan untuk seleksi kekeringan tanaman terung in vitro. Nomor terung Kania F1, 001, 007, 016, 034, 035, 055, 057, 069, 071, 072, 078, 085, dan 090 merupakan nomor-nomor terung yang toleran terhadap cekaman kekeringan.</p><p>Kata kunci: kultur jaringan, seleksi in vitro, solanaceae, toleran kekeringan</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Drought Tolerance in Arkansas Cowpea Lines at Seedling Stage

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1132-1143
Author(s):  
Qirui Cui ◽  
Haizheng Xiong ◽  
Yufeng Yufeng ◽  
Stephen Eaton ◽  
Sora Imamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
The University

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculate (L.) Walp.] is not only a healthy, nutritious, and versatile leguminous crop; it also has a relatively high adaptation to drought. Research has shown that cowpea lines have a high tolerance to drought, and many of them can survive more than 40 days under scorching and dry conditions. The cowpea (Southern pea) breeding program at the University of Arkansas has been active for more than 50 years and has produced more than 1000 advanced breeding lines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the drought-tolerant ability in Arkansas cowpea lines and use the drought-tolerant lines in cowpea production or as parents in cowpea breeding. A total of 36 University of Arkansas breeding lines were used to screen drought tolerance at the seedling stage in this study. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replicates, organized in a split-plot manner, where the drought treatment (drought and nondrought stress) as the main plot and the cowpea genotypes as the subplot. Drought stress was applied for 4 weeks, and three drought-tolerant–related traits were collected and analyzed. Results showed that cowpea breeding lines: ‘17-61’, ‘17-86’, ‘Early Scarlet’, and ‘ARBlackeye #1’ were found to be drought tolerant.

scholarly journals In vitro application of integrated selection index for screening drought tolerant genotypes in common wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezatollah FARSHADFAR ◽  
Reza Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Mass Growth ◽  
Drought Tolerant

<p style="margin: 0cm -0.05pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal; tab-stops: 453.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt;" lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This experiment was conducted on 20 wheat genotypes during 2010-2011 growing season at the Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. A completely randomized design with six replications was used for callus induction and a 20 × 2 factorial experiment with three replications was used for response of genotypes to <em>in vitro</em> drought stress. ANOVA exhibited highly significant differences among the genotypes for callus growth rate, relative fresh mass growth, relative growth rate, callus water content, percent of callus chlorosis and proline content under stress condition (15 % PEG). PCA showed that the integrated selection index was correlated with callus growth index, relative fresh mass growth, relative growth rate and proline content indicating that these screening techniques can be useful for selecting drought tolerant genotypes. Screening drought tolerant genotypes and <em>in vitro</em> indicators of drought tolerance using mean rank, standard deviation of ranks and biplot analysis, discriminated genotypes 2, 18 and 10 as the most drought tolerant. Therefore they are recommended to be used as parents for genetic analysis, gene mapping and improvement of drought tolerance.</span></span></p>

scholarly journals Response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars to drought stress under in vitro and field conditions

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitham E. M. Zaki ◽  
Khlode S. A. Radwan
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), the world’s third most important crop, is frequently thought to be sensitive to moderately sensitive to drought, and yield has fallen considerably over consecutive stress periods. Drought produces a wide range of responses in potato, from physiological alterations to variations in growth rates and yield. Knowledge about these responses is essential for getting a full understanding of drought-tolerance mechanism in potato plants which will help in the identification of drought-tolerant cultivars. Results A set of 21 commercial potato cultivars representing the genetic diversity in the Middle East countries market were screened for drought tolerance by measuring morpho-physiological traits and tuber production under in vitro and field trials. Cultivars were exposed to drought stress ranging from no drought to 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mol L−1 sorbitol in in vitro-based screening and 60, 40 and 20% soil moisture content in field-based screening. Drought stress adversely affected plant growth, yield and cultivars differed for their responses. Shoots and roots fresh weights, root length, surface area of root, no. of roots, no. of leaves, leaf area, plant water content %, K+ content, under in vitro drought treatments and shoots fresh and dry weights, no. of tubers and tuber yield under field drought treatments were examined and all decreased due to drought. The stress tolerance index decreased with increasing drought in examined cultivars; nevertheless, it revealed a degree of tolerance in some of them. Grouping cultivars by cluster analysis for response to drought resulted in: (i) a tolerant group of five cultivars, (ii) a moderately tolerant group of 11 cultivars, and (iii) a sensitive group of five cultivars. Furthermore, stress-related genes, i.e., DRO, ERECTA, ERF, DREB and StMYB were up-regulated in the five cultivars of the tolerant group. Likewise, the stomatal conductance and transpiration explained high correlation with the tuber yield in this group of cultivars. Conclusion The diversity in germplasm indicated that potato cultivars can be developed for production under certain degrees of drought. Some cultivars are good candidates to be included in drought-tolerant breeding programs and recommended for cultivation in drought-stricken regions. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Proteins Involved in Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Regulation Associated with Genotypic Variations in Drought Tolerance for Tall Fescue

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Jianming Sun ◽  
Yiming Liu ◽  
Xianglin Li ◽  
Bingru Huang
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Oxidative Regulation ◽  
Tolerant Genotype ◽  
Adaptation To Drought

Protein metabolism plays an important role in plant adaptation to drought stress. The objective of this study was to identify drought-responsive proteins associated with differential drought tolerance for a tolerant genotype (RU9) and a sensitive genotype (RU18) of tall fescue (Lolium arundinacea). Plants of both genotypes were grown under well-watered conditions or subjected to drought stress by withholding irrigation for 12 days in a growth chamber controlled at the optimal growth temperatures of 23/18 °C (day/night). Physiological analysis demonstrated that RU9 was relatively more drought tolerant than RU18, as shown by the higher leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and photochemical efficiency at 12 days of drought treatment. Differentially expressed proteins between RU9 and RU18 exposed to drought stress were identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MS). Several proteins [photosystem I reaction center subunit II, Rubisco small subunit, and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GADPH)] in photosynthesis, respiration, or oxidative regulation exhibited higher abundance in RU9 than RU18 under drought stress. These results suggested the critical importance of energy and oxidative metabolism in tall fescue adaptation to drought stress. Those abundant proteins in the drought-tolerant genotype could be used as biomarkers or developed to molecular markers to develop elite drought-tolerant germplasm in tall fescue and other cool-season perennial grass species.

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomics Analysis of the Seedling Root Response of Drought-sensitive and Drought-tolerant Maize Varieties to Drought Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Zeng ◽  
Yunling Peng ◽  
Xiaoqiang Zhao ◽  
Boyang Wu ◽  
Fenqi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Maize Varieties

The growth and development of maize roots are closely related to drought tolerance. In order to clarify the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance between different maize (Zea mays L.) varieties at the protein level, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) quantitative proteomics were used for the comparative analysis of protein expression in the seedling roots of the drought-tolerant Chang 7-2 and drought-sensitive TS141 maize varieties under 20% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000)-simulated drought stress. We identified a total of 7723 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), 1243 were significantly differentially expressed in Chang 7-2 following drought stress, 572 of which were up-regulated and 671 were down-regulated; 419 DEPs were identified in TS141, 172 of which were up-regulated and 247 were down-regulated. In Chang 7-2, the DEPs were associated with ribosome pathway, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. In TS141, the DEPs were associated with metabolic pathway, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, and starch and sucrose metabolism. Compared with TS141, the higher drought tolerance of Chang 7-2 root system was attributed to a stronger water retention capacity; the synergistic effect of antioxidant enzymes; the strengthen cell wall; the osmotic stabilization of plasma membrane proteins; the effectiveness of recycling amino acid; and an improvement in the degree of lignification. The common mechanisms of the drought stress response between the two varieties included: The promotion of enzymes in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway; cross-protection against the toxicity of aldehydes and ammonia; maintenance of the cell membrane stability. Based on the proteome sequencing information, the coding region sequences of eight DEP-related genes were analyzed at the mRNA level by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The findings of this study can inform the future breeding of drought-tolerant maize varieties.

scholarly journals Drought Affected Wheat Production in Bangladesh and Breeding Strategies for Drought Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsana Hannan ◽  
Md. Najmol Hoque ◽  
Lutful Hassan ◽  
Arif Hasan Khan Robin
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Wheat is one of the major cereal crops in Bangladesh. Over the last two decades, wheat consumption has passionately amplified in Bangladesh but its production has declined due to various stress environments. Recurrent drought event due to climate change that threatens the country’s food safety has become a serious concern. To safeguard the food security, adopting suitable breeding strategies can add momentum. Developing drought tolerant wheat varieties are the definitive means of protecting the crop against hostile effects of drought. Plant breeders are exploring various breeding strategies to breed for the varieties that can cope with water deficient conditions well. Besides, breeders are consistently looking for new prospects and strategies that can boost genetic gain in yield. To endorse drought tolerance in wheat, understanding the physiological and genetic adaptation mechanisms of wheat cultivars during drought stress would provide the estimated benchmarks to adjust for suitable breeding programs. The efforts of developing drought tolerant wheat genotypes could be supported by different breeding strategies including in vitro haploid and double haploid protocols, polyploidization, development of various types of hybrids and induced mutants by utilizing both classical and molecular breeding techniques. The proposed book chapter shall discuss the pattern of drought-stress in the wheat growing regions, effects of drought stress on wheat production and suitable breeding strategies for developing drought tolerant genotypes in Bangladesh.

Expression of selected drought-related genes and physiological response of Greek cotton varieties

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas E. Voloudakis ◽  
Sotirios A. Kosmas ◽  
Spyros Tsakas ◽  
Elias Eliopoulos ◽  
Michael Loukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Calmodulin Binding ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Total Leaf

Drought-tolerant cotton varieties are very important for Greece and throughout the world. Four Greek cotton varieties (Zeta 2, Zeta 5, Korina and Eva) and an Australian variety (Siokra L23) were subjected to three water-stress levels (0.0, –0.1 and –0.3 MPa). Morphological and physiological parameters studied were plant height, total leaf area, shoot, root and total plant fresh and dry weights, stomatal resistance (SR), water potential (Ψ w), and relative water content. Siokra L23 was confirmed to be the most drought-tolerant variety based on its high SR and Ψ w , it's having the smallest total leaf area, and expression of drought-tolerance-related genes. The Greek cotton varieties were ranked from most to least drought tolerant as follows: Eva, Korina, Zeta 2, Zeta 5.Molecular responses of the cotton varieties were studied by investigating the expression of five drought-tolerance-related genes, namely, trehalose-6-P synthase, heat-shock protein calmodulin-binding homolog, late embryogenesis abundant (Lea) proteins 14A and 5D, and NAD(P)H oxidase. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction was performed utilizing total RNA samples isolated after a 4-d drought treatment (i.e. at the end of the stress period). Heat-shock protein calmodulin-binding homolog was induced by water stress in drought-tolerant varieties (Eva and Siokra L23) and Zeta 2. This correlation between physiological and molecular data for this gene allows it to be used in cotton breeding programs. Trehalose-6-P synthase and NAD(P)H oxidase genes were not expressed in almost all varieties and treatments. In contrast, the Lea genes showed, with minor exceptions, expression that was independent of variety and treatment. Eva and Korina varieties should be used under conditions of water shortage, whereas Zeta varieties provide a significant advantage to the grower when planted under conditions of high water availability.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Rhizobia Nodulating Alfalfa in Iraq as a Source of More Efficient Drought Tolerance Strains

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Azeez Hameed ◽  
Nidhal Neema Hussain ◽  
Abd aljasim Muhisen Aljibouri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Tolerance Analysis ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

<p class="1Body"><em>Sinorhizobium meliloti </em>is a gram-negative, soil bacteria, which gain a huge importance deserved to their capability in fixing nitrogen symbiotically with an important fodder crop legume-alfalfa (<em>Medicago sativa</em>). This study aims to (i): isolate indigenous <em>Sinorhizobium meliloti</em> from different field sites in Iraq; (ii): assess the isolates tolerance to induced water shortage using polyethylene glycol-6000; (iii): evaluate genetic diversity and genetic relationships among isolates of natural population with drought tolerant abilities. Drought tolerance analysis disclose great variations between <em>Sinorhizobium</em> isolates, the highest tolerant isolates to drought were 12 from whole thirty (40%), endured from -3 up to -4 MPa(Mega pascal), at the same time the drought sensitive isolates tolerated up to -1.5 MPa, but for isolate Bs58 which tolerated up to -1 MPa. The growth decrease with the increase of drought stress. REP-PCR method was an excellent technique to distinguish between the <em>S. </em>isolates based on their tolerance to different water potential levels, the REP-PCR gave a significant band about 700bp (base pair) in size, which were present in all drought moderate and tolerant isolates, while this band was absent in all drought sensitive isolates(except one isolate). Also the ERIC-PCR method cleared the absence of two significant bands 300bp and 600bp from all drought sensitive isolates. UPGMA analysis based on rep-PCR revealed two groups branching at a similarity of 35%, first group included only one isolate Bs16, which was a drought moderate tolerant; second group contained the rest of isolates, yet the latter splits into two subgroups with 68% similarity; the first subgroup comprised all sensitive isolates with 80% similarity among them, the second subgroup included the tolerant and moderate isolates with similarity 88%.</p>

Quantitative Analysis of Core Binding Factor 1 (Cbfa1) and Osteocalcin in C2C12 Cells Induced by Ca/P Ceramics In Vitro

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 1067-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Fei Tan ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Hong Song Fan ◽  
Xin Long Wang ◽  
Jian Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽  
C2c12 Cells ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Positive Expression ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Osteocalcin Gene ◽  
Pcr Method

The mRNA expression of Cbfa1 and osteocalcin gene induced by calcium phosphate ceramics (Ca/P) were quantitative analyzed according to real-time RT-PCR method in this work. C2C12 cells were co-culture with four kinds of porous Ca/P ceramics for 2 and 5d without adding other growth factors. The four kinds of Ca/P ceramics were pure hydroxyapatite (HA) sintered at 1250°C and HA/TCP with a ratio of 60/40 sintered at 1100°C (HT1), 1200°C (HT2) and 1250°C (HT3) respectively. Real-time RT-PCR analysis found the Ca/P ceramics induced positive expression of Cbfa1 and osteocalcin in C2C12 cells, After 5 days culture, Cbfa1 and osteocalcin showed obvious higher expression compared with that in 2 days. Cbfa1 and osteocalcin expression in BCP was much higher than HA, and the expression level of osteocalcin was HT1>HT2>HT3>HA. Our results showed that Ca/P ceramics alone were sufficient to induce C2C12 cells to osteoblastic differentiation and the sinter temperature and phase composition of Ca/P ceramics could affect their osteoindctive capacity significantly.

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