scholarly journals Protective Effect of Hydroethanolic Extracts of Solanum scabrum and Cola verticillata Against Cyclophosphamide Induced Toxicity in Female Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbong Angie M-A ◽  
Djiokeng Paka G. ◽  
Ntentie F. R. ◽  
Dimodi H. ◽  
Ngondi J. L. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
Cyclophosphamide Treatment ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms

<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of hydroethanolic extracts of <em>S.</em> <em>scabrum</em> and <em>C. verticillata</em> against cyclophosphamide induced toxicity. In this light, female albino wistar rats were treated by intraperitoneal administration of 100 mg/kg BW of cyclophosphamide or distilled water every other day for 7 days associated with oral gavage using hydroethanolic extract of <em>C. verticillata</em>/<em>S. scabrum</em> at a dose of 200 or 400 mg/kg BW or not every day for the same 7 days. On the 8th day, blood and organs (liver, heart and kidney) were collected for analyses of toxicity-related and oxidative stress markers. Cyclophosphamide treatment induced significant toxicity as shown by liver enzymes, urea and creatinine levels. The administration of extracts helped reduce the levels of these markers. The antioxidant effect of these extracts also helped or not to ameliorate oxidative stress markers (MDA, NO, hydroperoxides, catalase, thiols, GPx) depending on the extract and on the dose administered. These results suggest that administration of hydroethanolic extracts of <em>S.</em> <em>scabrum</em> and <em>C. verticillata</em> can help prevent or reduce toxicity that is brought about by treatment with cyclophosphamide due to their ability to upregulate antioxidant mechanisms.</p>

scholarly journals Clerodendrum volubile Ethanol Leaf Extract: A Potential Antidote to Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunke Esan Olorundare ◽  
Adejuwon Adewale Adeneye ◽  
Akinyele Olubiyi Akinsola ◽  
Daniel Ayodele Sanni ◽  
Mamoru Koketsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms

Doxorubicin is widely applied in hematological and solid tumor treatment but limited by its off-target cardiotoxicity. Thus, cardioprotective potential and mechanism(s) of CVE in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity were investigated using cardiac and oxidative stress markers and histopathological endpoints. 50–400 mg/kg/day CVE in 5% DMSO in distilled water were investigated in Wistar rats intraperitoneally injected with 2.5 mg/kg DOX on alternate days for 14 days, using serum troponin I and LDH, complete lipid profile, cardiac tissue oxidative stress marker assays, and histopathological examination of DOX-treated cardiac tissue. Preliminary qualitative and quantitative assays of CVE’s secondary metabolites were also conducted. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of flavonoids (34.79 ± 0.37 mg/100 mg dry extract), alkaloids (36.73 ± 0.27 mg/100 mg dry extract), reducing sugars (07.78 ± 0.09 mg/100 mg dry extract), and cardiac glycosides (24.55 ± 0.12 mg/100 mg dry extract). 50–400 mg/kg/day CVE significantly attenuated increases in the serum LDH and troponin I levels. Similarly, the CVE dose unrelatedly decreased serum TG and VLDL-c levels without significant alterations in the serum TC, HDL-c, and LDL-c levels. Also, CVE profoundly attenuated alterations in the cardiac tissue oxidative stress markers’ activities while improving DOX-associated cardiac histological lesions that were possibly mediated via free radical scavenging and/or antioxidant mechanisms. Overall, CVE may play a significant therapeutic role in the management of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in humans.

scholarly journals THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ECHINOPS HETEROPHYLLUS AQUEOUS EXTRACT AGAINST METHOTREXATE-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RABBITS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Abdulmohsin ◽  
Ahmed Abu Raghif ◽  
Mohammed Jabbar Manna
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Flavonoid Fraction

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of Iraqi Echinops heterophyllus aqueous crude extract and its flavonoid fraction against methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.Methods: MTX-induced hepatotoxicity by administration of 20 mg/kg MTX intraperitoneally for 3 successive days was used as animal model, and animals were arrayed in four groups with eight animals in each group: Group 1 was the healthy control, Group 2 - the negative control receiving MTX only, Group 3 received MTX+crude extract of E. heterophyllus, and Group 4 administered MTX+flavonoid fraction of E. heterophyllus. The study duration was 10 days; at day 11, animals were sacrificed, and the blood samples were obtained for the measurement of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total protein, and albumin as well as ELISA assay of the oxidative stress markers such as glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The liver was dissected and processed for histopathological investigation and scoring. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the significance of each result.Results: The study results revealed severe liver damage due to MTX administration in the negative control (induced-non treated) group in comparison with healthy group, also there was significant hepatoprotective effect after administration of the crude extract of E. heterophyllus, and flavonoid fraction from E. heterophyllus shown after biochemical liver function tests and anti-oxidant properties demonstrated by the measurement of oxidative stress markers MDA and GSH. The crude extract of E. heterophyllus shown superior hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect. Histopathological scoring showed a remarkable decrease in the scores of the treatment groups in comparison with the high score in the MTX only treated group.Conclusions: MTX administered in a dose of 20 mg/kg for 3 successive days causes marked liver injury, while treatment with the crude extract and flavonoid fraction of E. heterophyllus significantly ameliorates MTX-induced liver damage, although the crude extract of E. heterophyllus seems to have the most hepatoprotective properties.

scholarly journals Celecoxib Decrease Seizures Susceptibility in a Rat Model of Inflammation by Inhibiting HMGB1 Translocation

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Hadeel Alsaegh ◽  
Hala Eweis ◽  
Fatemah Kamal ◽  
Aziza Alrafiah
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Inflammatory Models ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Lung And Kidney ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

The risk of developing epilepsy is strongly linked to peripheral inflammatory disorders in humans. High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) has the most focus for being a suspect in this scenario. The current study aimed to detect the celecoxib effect, an anti-inflammatory drug, on decreasing seizure susceptibility and organ damage in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)/pilocarpine (PILO) pretreated Wistar rats. Rats were divided into 6 groups (8 each): group 1 (control), group 2 (PILO), group 3 (PILO+LPS), group 4 (PILO+LPS+(VPA) Valproic acid), group 5 (PILO+LPS+Celecoxib), and group 6 (PILO+LPS+VPA+Celecoxib). LPS was used to induce sepsis and PILO to induce seizures. Oxidative stress markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and HMGB1 levels in serum and brain homogenate were evaluated. Histopathological studies were conducted on the hippocampus, liver, lung, and kidney. Treatment with celecoxib either alone or in combination with VPA significantly reduced Racine score and delays latency to generalized tonic-clonic seizures onset with a significant decrease in hippocampal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, and increase in reduced glutathione. In addition, celecoxib treatment either alone or in combination with VPA suppressed HMGB1translocation into peripheral circulation more than treatment with VPA alone. Furthermore, hippocampus, liver, lung, and kidney histopathological changes were improved in contrast to other epileptic groups. Celecoxib either alone or combined with VPA has antiepileptic and multiorgan protective effects on acute seizures and inflammatory models induced by PILO with LPS. It decreased histopathological findings, oxidative, and inflammatory effects induced by VPA and LPS. This might be due to its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-HMGB1 mediated effects.

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Training and Bowdichia virgilioides Hydroethanolic Extract on Oxidative Stress Markers in Rats Submitted to Peripheral Nerve Injury

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Luana Santos Costa ◽  
Felipe J. Aidar ◽  
Dihogo Gama de Matos ◽  
José Uilien de Oliveira ◽  
Jymmys Lopes dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract ◽  
The Brain

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of the combination of resistance training (RT) and the hydroethanolic extract (EHE) of Bowdichia virgilioides as markers of oxidative stress (OS) in rats with peripheral nerve injury (PNI). Rats were allocated into six groups (n = 10): animals without interventions (C), animals with an exposed nerve but without injury, injured animals, trained and injured animals, injured animals that received EHE, and animals that received a combination of RT and EHE. RT comprised the climbing of stairs. EHE was orally administered (200 mg/kg) for 21 days after PNI induction. RT reduced the amount of lipoperoxidation in plasma (14.11%). EHE reduced lipoperoxidation in the plasma (20.72%) and the brain (41.36). RT associated with the extract simultaneously reduced lipoperoxidation in the plasma (34.23%), muscle (25.13%), and brain (43.98%). There was an increase in total sulhydrilyl levels (a) in the brain (33.33%) via RT; (b) in the brain (44.44%) and muscle (44.51%) using EHE; and (c) in the plasma (54.02%), brain (54.25%), and muscle using the combination of RT + EHE. These results suggest that RT associated with oral EHE results in a decrease in OS.

scholarly journals Protective effect of calpain inhibition on contrast induced nephropathy in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1261
Author(s):  
Kenan E. Öztop
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Calpain Inhibitor ◽  
Apoptotic Cells ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy ◽  
Stress Markers

Background: Although the underlying mechanisms of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is unclear, some mechanisms are suspected such as direct toxic effects of contrast media (CM) and oxidative stress. In this study, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and protective effects of calpain inhibitor-1 (CAL-1) were investigated in experimental model of CIN.Methods: Twenty-eight Sprague Dawley female rats, aged 8-10 weeks were used. CIN was induced by administration of high-osmolal CM diatrizoate (6 ml/kg) after 48 h of dehydration into the tail vein. Rats of CAL-1 and CM + CAL-1 groups were administered Cal I-1 (10 mg/kg, IP) 30 minutes before administration of CM. Kidney function parameters, renal tissue oxidative stress markers were measured. At the end of the study Renal tissues were dyed with Hematoxylin-Eosin, periodic acid shiff (PAS) and TUNEL paints.Results: Increases of serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in CM group were significantly high than control group (p<0.002, p<0.002, respectively). BUN and Cr levels of CM + CAL-1 group were significantly lower than those in CM group (p<0.002, p<0.007, respectively). Tissue oxidative stress markers in CM + CAL-1 group were lower than in CM group. CM group had a significant increase in apoptotic cells with TUNEL staining. There was a significant reduction in apoptotic cells in CM + CAL-1 group compared to CM group.Conclusions: It has been determined that CAL-1 provides protection of renal functions by preventing the increase of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the experimentally created CIN model in rats.  

Supplementation of Psidium guajava Leaves Powder Prevents Hepatotoxicity and Inflammation in Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl₄) Administered Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitol Debnath ◽  
Farzana Binte Rafique ◽  
Nasrin Akhter ◽  
Anayt Ulla ◽  
Tahmina Yesmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Aims and Objective: Various studies revealed the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Psidium guajava leaves. This present study reported the anti inflammatory and protective effects of Psidium guajava leaves on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rat liver. Method: In this study, Long Evans female rats (150-180 g) were divided into four groups. CCl4 in olive oil was given orally by gavage at a dose of 1 mL/kg and Psidium guajava leave powder was provided as 2.5% w/w of food. Liver marker enzymes activity was monitored by evaluating the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatases (ALP) in plasma. The plasma and liver tissue concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), nitric oxide (NO), advanced protein oxidation product (APOP), glutathione (GSH, in reduced form) and activity of catalase were measured as oxidative stress marker. Results: The results of this study suggested the serum transferases activities were increased in CCl4 administered rat which were normalized by Psidium guajava leaves supplementation. Moreover, oxidative stress markers were significantly reduced and antioxidant enzyme activity was significantly improved by Psidium guajava leaves supplementation in CCl4 administered rat. Hematoxylin and Eosin and Picrosirius Red staining of liver section revealed reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis respectively by Psidium guajava leaves supplementation in CCl4 administered rats. Conclusion: In conclusion, Psidium guajava leaves may prevent liver damage and inflammation in CCl4-iadministered rats which indicated strong antioxidant capacity. Thus, Psidium guajava leaves could be a source of natural antioxidant. A future study has been warranted for using Psidium guajava leaves in clinical case of liver dysfunction.

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