scholarly journals Mitigating Ammonia Volatilization from Waterlogged Acids Soils Using Organic Amendments

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Maru Ali ◽  
Ahmed Osumanu Haruna ◽  
Nik Muhamad Abd Majid ◽  
Walter Charles Primus ◽  
Audrey Asap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Ammonia Loss ◽  
Chicken Litter ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

In production agriculture, granular urea is the most used nitrogen fertilizer in crop production. However, increase in soil pH following application of urea causes ammonia volatilization and reduces N use efficiency. To minimize ammonia loss, organic amendments are used, however, type of organic amendment use could affect urea use efficiency. This study was to determine the effects of organic amendments derived from forest litter, Leucaena leucocephala, chicken litter, and cow dung on ammonia volatilization and chemical properties of a waterlogged acid soil. Treatments evaluated were: (i) T1, Soil only, (ii) T2, Existing recommended fertilization, (iii) T3, Biochar-forest litter compost, (iv) T4, Biochar-chicken litter compost, (v) T5, Biochar-cow dung compost, (vi) T6, Biochar-Leucaena compost, and (vii) T7, Biochar-Leucaena - chicken litter compost. Standard procedures were used to quantify ammonia volatilization and soil chemical properties. The findings of this present study also revealed that the total amount of ammonia loss from urea over a period of forty-two days depends on the influence of the organic amendments on urea hydrolysis. Emissions of ammonia from T6 and T7 were significantly higher because, the decomposition of Leucaena leucocephala favours urea hydrolysis compared with those of T3, T4, and T5. Therefore, Leucaena leucocephala composts should be carefully co-applied with urea to minimize ammonia loss if the aim of using this type of amendments is to improve N use efficiency and soil and crop productivity.

scholarly journals Using Soil Water to Control Ammonia Emission from Acid Soils with and Without Chicken Litter Biochar

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Maru Ali ◽  
Ahmed Osumanu Haruna ◽  
Nik Muhamad Abd Majid ◽  
Walter Charles Primus ◽  
Nathaniel Maikol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Ammonia Loss ◽  
Chicken Litter

Although urea use in agriculture is on the increase, increase in pH at soil microsite due to urea hydrolysis which causes ammonia emission can reduce N use efficiency. Among the interventions used to mitigate ammonia loss include urease inhibitors, clinoptilolite zeolite, coated urea, and biochar but with little attention to the use of soil water levels to control ammonia volatilization. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of soil water levels on ammonia volatilization from soils with and without chicken litter biochar. Dry soils with and without chicken litter biochar were subjected to 0%, 25% 50%, 75%, 100%, and 125% soil water. There was no urea hydrolysis in the soil without water. Chicken litter biochar as soil amendment effectively mitigated ammonia loss at 1% to 32% and 80% to 115% field capacity. However, urea used on soil only showed lower ammonia loss at 33% to 79% and 116% to 125% field capacity compared with the soils with chicken litter biochar. At 50% field capacity ammonia loss was high in soils with and without chicken litter biochar. Although chicken litter biochar is reputed for improving soil chemical properties, water levels in this present study affected soil chemical properties differently. Fifty percent field capacity, significantly reduced soil chemical properties. These findings suggest that timely application of urea at the right field capacity can mitigate ammonia emission. Therefore, whether soils are amended with or without chicken litter biochar, urea application should be avoided at 50% field capacity especially in irrigated crops.

scholarly journals Coapplication of Chicken Litter Biochar and Urea Only to Improve Nutrients Use Efficiency and Yield ofOryza sativaL. Cultivation on a Tropical Acid Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Maru ◽  
Osumanu Ahmed Haruna ◽  
Walter Charles Primus
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soil ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Chicken Litter ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Use Efficiency

The excessive use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers in sustaining high rice yields due to N dynamics in tropical acid soils not only is economically unsustainable but also causes environmental pollution. The objective of this study was to coapply biochar and urea to improve soil chemical properties and productivity of rice. Biochar (5 t ha−1) and different rates of urea (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 0% of recommended N application) were evaluated in both pot and field trials. Selected soil chemical properties, rice plants growth variables, nutrient use efficiency, and yield were determined using standard procedures. Coapplication of biochar with 100% and 75% urea recommendation rates significantly increased nutrients availability (especially P and K) and their use efficiency in both pot and field trials. These treatments also significantly increased rice growth variables and grain yield. Coapplication of biochar and urea application at 75% of the recommended rate can be used to improve soil chemical properties and productivity and reduce urea use by 25%.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Urea-N Use Efficiency in Maize (Zea mays) Cultivation on Acid Soils Amended with Zeolite and TSP

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osumanu H. Ahmed ◽  
Aminuddin Hussin ◽  
Husni M. H. Ahmad ◽  
Anuar A. Rahim ◽  
Nik Muhamad Abd. Majid
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Ammonia Loss ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Ammonia loss significantly reduces the urea-N use efficiency in crop production. Efforts to reduce this problem are mostly laboratory oriented. This paper reports the effects of urea amended with triple superphosphate (TSP) and zeolite (Clinoptilolite) on soil pH, nitrate, exchangeable ammonium, dry matter production, N uptake, fresh cob production, and urea-N uptake efficiency in maize (Zea mays) cultivation on an acid soil in actual field conditions. Urea-amended TSP and zeolite treatments and urea only (urea without additives) did not have long-term effect on soil pH and accumulation of soil exchangeable ammonium and nitrate. Treatments with higher amounts of TSP and zeolite significantly increased the dry matter (stem and leaf) production of Swan (test crop). All the treatments had no significant effect on urea-N concentration in the leaf and stem of the test crop. In terms of urea-N uptake in the leaf and stem tissues of Swan, only the treatment with the highest amount of TSP and zeolite significantly increased urea-N uptake in the leaf of the test crop. Irrespective of treatment, fresh cob production was statistically not different. However, all the treatments with additives improved urea-N uptake efficiency compared to urea without additives or amendment. This suggests that urea amended with TSP and zeolite has a potential of reducing ammonia loss from surface-applied urea.

scholarly journals Liming Optimizes Nitrogen Fertilization in a Maize-Upland Rice Rotation under No-Till Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2005
Author(s):  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
Letusa Momesso ◽  
Murilo de Campos ◽  
João William Bossolani ◽  
José Roberto Portugal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
No Till ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Rates ◽  
N Use

Liming and N fertilization are common practices for optimizing crop yields in tropical agriculture, but the adequate N rate to ensure crop development, enhance yields and N use efficiency, and improve soil chemical properties has not been established for grass rotation. We assessed the optimal N fertilizer rate for combination with liming in an agricultural system composed of two grasses (maize and rice) in rotation under no-till (NT) conditions. Four N rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N·ha−1) were tested under two liming conditions. Maize (11 Mg·ha−1) and rice (5 Mg·ha−1) yields were highest with lime and 150 kg N·ha−1 applications. At 18 months after liming, lime application increased soil pH. In addition, combining liming with N fertilization further increased SOM content at all N rates. Lime increased available P, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+, and BS at N rates of 0, 50, and 100 kg N·ha−1. Overall, combining liming and N fertilization is beneficial for grass crops under NT conditions, as evidenced by enhanced maize and rice N use efficiency and yields. N fertilization rates of 100 and 150 kg N·ha−1 under lime amendment provided the best improvements in crop yields in this cropping system.

scholarly journals Soil Nitrogen Fractions, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Zea mays L. Grown on a Tropical Acid Soil Treated with Composts and Clinoptilolite Zeolite

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4139
Author(s):  
Latifah Omar ◽  
Osumanu Haruna Ahmed ◽  
Mohamadu Boyie Jalloh ◽  
Abdul Majid Nik Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Clinoptilolite Zeolite ◽  
N Use ◽  
N Fractions

High nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is important for improving crop yield. There are many nitrogen (N) fractions in soil and their uptake by crops varies. Most of the N that is taken up by plants is not native to the soil but usually from fertilizer added to the soil. However, the unbalanced use of fertilizers is currently an important issue that needs to be addressed. The objectives of this work were to determine the effects of using the recommended chemical fertilizers together with inorganic and organic amendments on (i) soil organic and inorganic N fractions, (ii) N uptake and use efficiency, and (iii) maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter production and ear yield. A randomized complete block design field trial, using maize as a test crop, was done with seven fertilizer treatments, each replicated thrice for two crop cycles. The treatments included different combinations of urea N, clinoptilolite zeolite (CZ), rice straw compost, and paddy husk compost. The variables of the study were soil N fractions, ear yield, and N use efficiency. Generally, the combined use of the recommended chemical fertilizers with CZ and organic amendments resulted in significantly higher soil N fractions, N use efficiency, and ear yield of maize for both crops. The two treatments with a 50% reduction in recommended chemical fertilizers, CZ, and rice straw compost or paddy husk compost (treatments four and six) are recommended instead of the 100% recommended chemical fertilizer treatment (treatment one). The organic materials used for these two treatments are abundantly available and will reduce the economic and environmental costs of applying large quantities of chemical fertilizers alone.

scholarly journals Improving Phosphorus Availability in an Acid Soil Using Organic Amendments Produced from Agroindustrial Wastes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huck Ywih Ch’ng ◽  
Osumanu Haruna Ahmed ◽  
Nik Muhamad Ab. Majid
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Availability ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Chicken Litter

In acid soils, soluble inorganic phosphorus is fixed by aluminium and iron. To overcome this problem, acid soils are limed to fix aluminium and iron but this practice is not economical. The practice is also not environmentally friendly. This study was conducted to improve phosphorus availability using organic amendments (biochar and compost produced from chicken litter and pineapple leaves, resp.) to fix aluminium and iron instead of phosphorus. Amending soil with biochar or compost or a mixture of biochar and compost increased total phosphorus, available phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus fractions (soluble inorganic phosphorus, aluminium bound inorganic phosphorus, iron bound inorganic phosphorus, redundant soluble inorganic phosphorus, and calcium bound phosphorus), and organic phosphorus. This was possible because the organic amendments increased soil pH and reduced exchangeable acidity, exchangeable aluminium, and exchangeable iron. The findings suggest that the organic amendments altered soil chemical properties in a way that enhanced the availability of phosphorus in this study. The amendments effectively fixed aluminium and iron instead of phosphorus, thus rendering phosphorus available by keeping the inorganic phosphorus in a bioavailable labile phosphorus pool for a longer period compared with application of Triple Superphosphate without organic amendments.

scholarly journals Comparative effect of Organic Amendments on Heavy Metals Adsorption in Soils and their Chemical properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Nwachukwu ◽  
D. M. Olim ◽  
S. M. Afu ◽  
E. A. Akpa ◽  
P. I. Adie
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Comparative Effect ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Edta Solution ◽  
Before And After

Incubation experiment was carried out to evaluate and compare effects of some selected amendments on adsorption of heavy metals in soils and their chemical properties. The experiment was CRD consisting of twelve treatment combinations with three replications. Soil samples were collected from the vicinity of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture and amended with organic amendments at the rate 20 ton/ha and heavy metals at the rate of 60 mg/kg, thoroughly mixed and wetted daily throughout the incubation period of 30 days. 0.05M EDTA solution was used to extract heavy metals. EDTA solution was filtered from soil with Whatman No1 filter paper. The soil was analyzed for chemical properties before and after experiment using standard procedures. Higher amount of heavy metals was extracted from the control soils than the amended soils indicating retention of heavy metals by the amendments. All the amendments were significantly (P<0.05) different in adsorption of copper with poultry manure having significantly (P<0.05) the highest adsorption capacity while the control had the least. Cocoa pod was significantly (P<0.05) higher on adsorption of lead with cow dung and poultry manure not being significantly (P>0.05) different from each other. Cow dung had the highest (P<0.05) on adsorption of zinc. Heavy metals combined with amendments had significant (P<0.05) effect on soil chemical properties. Most chemical properties were significantly (P<0.05) higher in soils treated with both amendments and heavy metals than soils treated with only heavy metals. Poultry manure, cocoa pod and cow dung appeared to have greater potential in removing heavy metals from soils.  

scholarly journals Urease Inhibitors Effects on the Nitrogen Use Efficiency in a Maize–Wheat Rotation with or without Water Deficit

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 684
Author(s):  
Raúl Allende-Montalbán ◽  
Diana Martín-Lammerding ◽  
María del Mar Delgado ◽  
Miguel A. Porcel ◽  
José L. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Urease Inhibitors ◽  
Urease Inhibitor ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
N Loss ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

The use of urease inhibitors in irrigated systems decreases both soil ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) availability, and, thus, could be an easy tool to reduce N loss due to ammonia volatilization and NO3− leaching. The main goal of this experiment was to assess the effect of urease inhibitors on N use efficiency, N losses, and their economic impact in a maize-wheat field experiment. In this study, 10 treatments were compared, combining the urea fertilizer with or without urease inhibitor, applied in one or two dressings, and under optimal or sub-optimal irrigation. A single application of urease inhibitor (IN1d), coupled with the conventional urea, helped to reduce the nitrate leaching risk both during the maize period (even when compared to the two dressing treatment) and after harvest. In addition, this improvement was achieved together with an increase in economic benefit, even when compared with the application of the same amount of regular urea split into two dressings. Under low water availability systems, the benefits of applying urease inhibitors increased with respect to the application of regular urea, making this technique a very promising strategy for adaptation to climate change in arid and semiarid regions.

scholarly journals Sandy Soil Improvement Using Organic Materials and Mineral Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Jute Plant (Corchorus Olitorius)

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Senjobi B.A ◽  
Akinsete S.J ◽  
Ande O.T ◽  
Ademoye O.A
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Organic Carbon Content

Sandy soils are generally in need of improvement of their nutrient status. An open field pot experiment was conducted at the Gateway Fertilizer Plant, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria to evaluate the effect of various organic amendments (poultry manure, cow dung), organo-mineral and inorganic fertilizer on physico-chemical properties of sandy soil and the performance of Corchorus grown on it.Four levels of poultry manure (PM), cow dung (CD), Gateway fertilizer (GF) and organo-mineral fertilizer (OMF), at the rate of 0, 10, 20, and 30 tonnes/ha and NPK at 0, 120, 200 and 250 kg were applied. Pre-treated Corchorus seeds were planted and different agronomic data collected at pre-determined days after planting.Results obtained indicated significant differences (p < 0.05) between the treatments and yield components. PM gave the best significant value for the leaf height, leaf length and stem girth. Soil chemical properties (pH, nitrogen, acidity, phosphorus, and organic carbon content) were greatly influenced by the organic amendments as follows: PM at 10 tonnes/ha, CD at 20 tonnes/ha, GF at 20 tonnes/ha, OMF at 30 tonnes/ha and NPK at 200kg/ha.From the result of the experiment, PM at 10 tonnes/ha showed the overall best performance for Corchorus, and the trend for all amendments was: PM 10 tonnes/ha > CD 20 tonnes/ha > GF 20 tonnes/ha > OMF 20 tonnes/ha > NPK 250 kg/ha on the sandy soil. The use of organic materials in improving sandy soil to promote optimum crop growth and yield of Corchorus is recommended. PM at 10 tonnes/ha, CD and GF at 20 tonnes/ha should be recommended as source of improving sandy soil if optimum production of Corchorus is desired.

scholarly journals Effect of organic amendments on soil salinity and the growth of maize (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Monowara Khatun ◽  
Md. Asif Rehan Shuvo ◽  
Md. Tareq Bin Salam ◽  
S.M. Hafizur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Soil P

Soil salinity is a major concern in southwestern part of Bangladesh because almost 30% cultivable lands are currently lying under risk of salinity where 30-50% yields loss is happening. Organic amendments have found to be effective in the amelioration of saline soil by improving soil physical and chemical properties as well as crop selection is another criteria for sustaining viability of crops in saline soil. For ensuring sustainable saline soil management, a comparative pot study was carried out during kharif 1 season in 2015 to observe the effect of organic amendments (solid waste, vermicompost and cow dung) on soil salinity and its influence on the growth of maize. Composite soil was collected at a depth of 0-15 cm from Gozalmari village of Jalma Union in Batiaghata Upazila under Khulna district, Bangladesh that was saline (10.6 dS/m) in nature and the irrigation water sample was collected from beside Kazibacha river (4.28 dS/m) that was also moderately saline. The maize cultivar “Shuvra” was used for cultivation in the study. The experiment comprised of four treatments viz. T0: Control (No organic manure); T1: Solid waste (36g); T2: Vemicompost (72g); T3: Cow dung (33g). Five seeds were sown in each pot. Seeds were treated with Agrosan GN to protect them from seed and soil borne pathogens. Chemical fertilizers were not used in the experiment. Irrigation was done two times before harvesting: at 20 days after sowing (DAS) and at 40 DAS with river water and rain water was irrigated naturally during the season. Findings were that the organic amendments significantly influence the physico-chemical properties of the saline soil. All organic treated soils significantly reduce the soil EC (from 10.6 dS/m to 3.4 dS/m) and pH (from 7.63 to 7.38) compared to control soil (p?0.05). In case of survival parameters (e.g %gemination, rate of survival at 50 DAS) of maize, the treatments were found insignificant (p?0.05). But in terms of growth parameter (plant height and root length), significant differences were found between control and organic amendments treated soil (p?0.05). It may be concluded that organic amendments treated soils showed better results than that of control soil. If proper management can be implemented, this positive results will bring hope to the local poor farmers at least can introduce a new crop in fallow agricultural land during the kharif 1 season.

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