The Influence of Pulping Process and Energy Consumption on Properties of Nanofibrillated Lignocellulose (NFLC) Films Isolated from Wheat Straw

The present research has primarily focused on the production of nanofibrillated lignocellulose (NFLC) instead of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), which could be produced with less energy and is expected to have similar uses as NFC, especially in the sectors where the transparency is not important. Furthermore, the effect of energy consumption needed for NFLC production and also the influence of pulping methods on the produced NFLC properties has been surveyed. Through mechanical refining and different passes in microfluidizer, the results showed the average diameter of NFLC declined from around 19000 nm to 36 nm. Soda-NFLC films had higher calliper and lower roughness, compared to those of MEA at given energy consumption in refiner and microfluidizer. For both kinds of pulps, the optimum level of energy consumption to reach the best tensile index of NFLC films was 258 kWh/t, with three passes through microfluidizer. More increase in the number of passes and pressure only resulted in increasing of energy consumption without any positive effect on improving the tensile index. The maximum tensile indices of NFLC films obtained from soda and MEA pulping processes were 113.5 and 119.86 N·m/g, respectively. The burst index of 8.5 kP·m2/g and the energy consumption of 458 kWh/t were obtained for five passes through microfluidizer. With the increase of the number of passes of soda and MEA samples through microfluidizer, the opacity decreased but transparency increased.

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Comparative properties of nanofibers produced using unbleached and bleached wheat straw pulps

Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal ◽

10.1515/npprj-2018-3024 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 439-447

Author(s):

Mohammad Ahmadi ◽

Sahab Hedjazi ◽

Hossein Yousefi

Keyword(s):

Water Vapor ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Cellulose Nanofibers ◽

The Other ◽

Sem Images ◽

Tensile Index ◽

Vapor Permeation ◽

Cnf Films ◽

Water Vapor Permeation

AbstractUnbleached nanofibers (UNF) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were produced from unbleached and bleached wheat straw pulps using microfluidizer. The UNF and CNF and their corresponding films were characterized and compared. FE-SEM images showed UNF were thicker than CNF and with increasing passing number from microfluidizer, the diameter of UNF and CNF reduced. UNF films showed higher density, opacity and transparency as well as less water vapor permeation than those of CNF films The highest tensile index obtained for UNF film (114 Nm/g) and CNF film (107 N.m/g) both obtained at energy consumption of 458 kwh/t which was consumed in refiner and microfluidizer. The tensile index decreased at energy consumption higher than 458 kwh/t. The highest burst index of CNF film was 6.9 kPa.m2/g which was achieved using 358 kwh/t in microfluidizer As energy consumption increases, the burst index of CNF film decreased. On the other hand, with the increase of energy consumption and numbers of passes the burst index of UNF films increased, reaching the value of 8.8 kPa.m2/g. Elimination of bleaching has valuable advantages including saving energy, less environmental pollution, higher production yield and less downsizing energy consumption and less finished cost of nanofibers with desired properties.

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Evaluation of effects of freezing pretreatment on the grindability, energy consumption and chemical composition of wheat straw

Renewable Energy ◽

10.1016/j.renene.2019.10.139 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 151 ◽

pp. 21-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhaolin Lu ◽

Tao Xie ◽

Hao Chen ◽

Leida Li ◽

Shiyin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Wheat Straw

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Microstructure Evaluation Study of Al5083 Alloy Using EBSD Technique after Processing with Different ECAP Processes and Temperatures

Crystals ◽

10.3390/cryst11080862 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 862

Author(s):

Muneer Baig ◽

Asiful H. Seikh ◽

Ateekh Ur Rehman ◽

Jabair A. Mohammed ◽

Faraz Hussain Hashmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Refinement ◽

Evaluation Study ◽

Coarse Grained ◽

Angular Pressing ◽

Microstructure Evaluation ◽

Microstructural Evaluation ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

Ebsd Technique ◽

Number Of Passes ◽

Positive Effect

The temperature effects on the microstructural evolution of a coarse-grained Al5083 alloy during equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), were studied at ambient and high temperatures. The microstructural evaluation was done using an EBSD (electron backscattering diffraction) process. The grain refinement occurred as the number of passes increased, which had a positive effect on its strength. Additionally, increasing the pressing temperature leads to a decrease in the new grain’s formation and an increase in the normal grain size in the third pass. This can be ascribed to the unwinding of strain similarity between the grains because of the continuous activity of dynamic recuperation and the grain limit sliding occurring at a higher temperature. The attainment of grain refinement is examined exhaustively in this study.

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Surface functionalization of nanofibrillated cellulose extracted from wheat straw: Effect of process parameters

Carbohydrate Polymers ◽

10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.04.109 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 150 ◽

pp. 48-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Mandeep Singh ◽

Anupama Kaushik ◽

Dheeraj Ahuja

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Surface Functionalization ◽

Nanofibrillated Cellulose

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PENGARUH KONSUMSI ENERGI DAN REZIM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Pembangunan ◽

10.24036/jkep.v1i2.6207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 401

Author(s):

Zakiah Husna ◽

Idris Idris

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Time Series Data ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Series Data ◽

Renewable Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Regime ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Positive Effect

This study aims to determine the effect of energy consumption and regime on economic growth in Indonesia. The data used is secondary data in the form of time series data from 1988-2017, with documentation and library study data collection techniques obtained from relevant institutions and agencies. the variables used are economic growth (GDP), non-renewable energy consumption, renewable energy consumption and regime, the research methods used are: (1) Multiple Regression Analysis (OLS), (2) Classical Assumption Test results of research stating that: ( 1) non-renewable energy consumption has a positive effect on economic growth in Indonesia. (2) consumption of renewable energy has a positive effect on economic growth in Indonesia. (3) the energy regime has a negative effect on economic growth in Indonesia. (4) non-renewable energy consumption, renewable energy consumption and energy regime have a significant effect on economic growth in Indonesia. so only the energy regime has a negative effect on economic growth in Indonesia.

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Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas ◽

10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7359 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 491-499

Author(s):

Aurea Portes Ferriani ◽

Cícero Deschamps ◽

Wanderlei Do Amaral ◽

Luiz Everson da Silva

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Butyric Acid ◽

Vegetative Propagation ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Adventitious Rooting ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Indole Butyric Acid ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Biological Reserve

Native Piper species present significant repellent, antimicrobial, inseticidal, anti-tumor and anti-protozoal biological activities. Studies on new species can discover unpublished potentialities and vegetative propagation for the development of cultivation protocols and reduce the natural extraction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rooting of P. arboreum, P. cernuum and P. diospyrifolium stem cuttings with different treatments containing doses of indole butyric acid (0, 500; 1,000; 1,500; 2,000 and 3,000 mg L-1). Branches were collected in the “Bom Jesus Biological Reserve”, Parana state, Brazil. The cuttings, with a length of 12 cm and average diameter of 6 mm, were placed in 53 cm3 plastic tubes with the commercial substrate Tropstrato HP® and intermittent misting. After 90 days, the survival, mortality, cuttings with new shoots, number and length of the three main roots were evaluated. The percentages of rooting reached an average of 67.5% for P. arboreum, 51.6% for P. cernuum and 50.4% for P. diospyrifolium. A positive effect in the treatments containing the plant regulator was observed for rooting development, percentage of cuttings with shoots and number of roots per propagule, but there were variations in the responses of each species. Leaf retention was an important factor for the adventitious rooting formation in all evaluated species.

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Changes in DTPA extractability of added cadmium in two different soil types treated with wheat straw in sterile and unsterile conditions

Spanish Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.3232/sjss.2016.v6.n3.03 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Author(s):

Ali Akbar Safari Sinegani ◽

Milad Jafari Monsef

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Soil Types ◽

Soluble Form ◽

Temperate Climate ◽

Soil Incubation ◽

Tea Plantation ◽

Unsterile Soil ◽

Positive Effect

Heavy metals in soluble form have the highest bioavailability and toxicity in soil. DTPA-extractable Cd was investigated in two different soil types treated with wheat straw (5%) under sterile and unsterile conditions. Soils were located in Hamadan (Iran, 48o 28' 23" E and 34o 56' 48" N), a fallow cropland with a semi-arid climate, and Lahijan (Iran, 50o 1' 51" E and 37o 11' 59" N), a tea plantation with a temperate climate. DTPA-extractable Cd in contaminated soils (10 mg Cd kg-1) was measured from 1 minute to 3600 hours. During the soil incubation period, DTPA-extractable Cd was higher in the Lahijan soil, but at the end of the soil incubation period it was higher in the Hamadan soil. The positive effect of wheat residue on DTPA-extractable Cd was higher in the Lahijan unsterile soil at the end of the soil incubation period. The decrease of DTPA extractability of the added Cd was lower in the Lahijan soil incubated under unsterile conditions compared to that under sterile conditions. In contrast, Hamadan sterile soil treated and untreated with wheat residue had the highest DTPA-extractable Cd at the end of the soil incubation period. The decrease in DTPA extractability of the added Cd in soils was exponential with 3 steps. In the 1st step the highest and the lowest rates of DTPA decrease were observed in Hamadan sterile and Lahijan unsterile soils treated with wheat residue. In the 3rd step it was reversed, and the decrease in DTPA extractable Cd was lower in the Hamadan soil compared to the Lahijan soil.

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Atomization of Floatation Reagents Using Pneumatic Injection Technology

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.945 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 524-527 ◽

pp. 945-948

Author(s):

Xiu Mei Zhang ◽

Rui Xin Ma ◽

Da Wei Wu

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Simple Structure ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Low Energy ◽

Air Pressure ◽

Particle Size Analyzer ◽

Low Energy Consumption ◽

Emulsion Process ◽

Injection Technology

Based on the study of normal emulsion process of floatation reagents, the idea which uses Pneumatic injection to spray the floatation reagents is proposed. The paper introduced the structure and the performance of the Pneumatic injection atomizer. More than 24% of the dosages were saved. Pneumatic injection atomizer offers simple structure and low energy consumption, which is 0.388kw/h.It was proved by the diameter results obtained by the laser particle size analyzer that Pneumatic injection atomizer offers good dispersing effect. When the air pressure is 0.08MPa, the average diameter of droplet is 7.89µm.

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