scholarly journals Influence of cut-off irrigation on seed quality and physiological indices of various safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Mohammad Taghi Tabib Loghmani ◽  
Forood Bazrafshan ◽  
Omid Alizadeh ◽  
Bahram Amiri ◽  
Abdollah Bahrani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Fars Province

Safflower (<em>Carthamus tinctorius</em> L.) is an oilseed crop adapted to arid and semiarid regions. In this study, an experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of water deficiency on plant height, 1,000-grain weight, seed yield, harvest index, relative water content (RWC), oil yield, and oil content in 15 safflower genotypes. A split-plot randomized complete blocks design was arranged with three replications. Safflower plants were grown under normal irrigation and water deficit conditions in Sarvestan, Fars Province, Iran during 2016 and 2017 growing seasons. Combined analysis results indicated that water deficit stress had negative effects on all measured indices. Average seed yield declined by 65.91% (2,337.91 to 796.79 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) due to water deficit stress. Genotype also had a significant effect on evaluated indices, and the interaction between genotype and irrigation significantly influenced all indices except plant height. Under both conditions, highest RWC, seed yield, and oil yield were observed in Dincer and PI-537598 genotypes. Maximum plant height and 1,000-seed weight in both irrigation conditions were observed in the Dincer genotype. In the normal irrigation condition, maximum harvest index and oil content were observed in the CW-74 genotype. Thus, Dincer and PI-537598 were classified as the best genotypes (based on seed yield, RWC, and oil yield) under both normal irrigation and water deficit stress conditions.

The effect of cultivar and applied nitrogen on the performance of Camelina sativa L. in the Maritime Provinces of Canada

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Urbaniak ◽  
C. D. Caldwell ◽  
V. D. Zheljazkov ◽  
R. Lada ◽  
L. Luan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
N Application ◽  
Total N

Worldwide, oilseed demand is steadily expanding. This study assessed the novel oilseed crop Camelina sativa L. in the Maritime Provinces of Canada. Evaluations of cultivar and applied N were performed at Truro, NS, Harrington, PEI, and Hartland, NB, in 2005 and 2006. The results show that the selection of cultivar is an important determinant for the potential success or failure of C. sativa production. Differences in plant stand, plant height, seed yield, oil content and fatty acid profile were found among the cultivars. The cultivar Calena provided the most consistent performance in terms of plant establishment, yield and oil content across all year-sites. Plant height, seed yield, oil content, total plant N and seed protein all responded to applied N rate. Applied N increased the seed yield of C. sativa, but the increase was not significant when the application rates were over 60 kg N ha-1 in NS or 80 kg N ha-1 in PEI. Plant height, total N content in plant tissue and seed protein content increased with increased N application, while oil content decreased. With the exception of erucic acid, all the main fatty acids in C. sativa oil responded to applied N levels or the interaction of N levels and year. Regression analysis showed that the contents of oleic acid and eicosenoic acid decreased with increased N application. The response of linolenic acid to N application was not consistent at each year-site. Results of this study provide convincing evidence of the agronomic suitability of C. sativa to the Maritime Provinces of Canada. Key words: Camelina sativa, cultivar, nitrogen, yield, seed quality

Impacts of Meteorological Attributes on Agronomic Characteristics of Sunflower Cultivated in the Cerrado

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dayana Aparecida de Faria ◽  
Dryelle Sifuentes Pallaoro ◽  
Murilo Ferrari ◽  
Aloisio Brigido Borba Filho ◽  
Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics

The sunflower has adaptation for cultivation in Brazilian conditions and the main product is the oil extracted from the seeds. This study aimed to verify the impacts of meteorological attributes on agronomic characteristics of sunflower genotypes cultivated as a second crop, in Mato Grosso, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized complete block design (RCBD), cultivating the two sunflower genotypes, M734 and Hélio, in three years (2009, 2011, 2012) with four replications. The agronomic characteristics evaluated were: plant height, capitulum diameter, weight of a thousand achenes, yield of achenes, oil content and oil yield. Then, water deficit and the maximum crop yield are estimated for correlation analysis between meteorological attributes and agronomic characteristics. In both genotypes studied there was a very strong correlation between plant height with evapotranspiration (r=0.99*) and very strong negative correlation (r=-0.99*) with water deficit. For mass of a thousand achenes, there was a very strong negative correlation with the maximum (r=-0.98*) and minimum (r=-0.96*) temperatures, and with evapotranspiration (r=-0.98*) in the Helio 358. In addition, effect of the water deficit on the oil yield (r=-0.98*) was verified for the same genotype. Very strong negative correlation was found between maximum temperature and oil content (r=-0.96*) in genotype M734. In sunflower cultivation in Mato Grosso, Brazil, water deficit reduces plant height, capitulum diameter and oil yield. The oil content of the achenes reduces when the maximum temperature increases, during the cultivation. For those reasons, the use of sunflower genotypes with shorter cycles and the earlier sowing could benefit the crop developing, by suiting the management, to avoid unfavorable climatic conditions that can cause reduction in production parameters.

scholarly journals Impact of Silicon Foliar in Some of Antioxidant Enzymes and Oil Yield in Safflower Cultivars Exposed to Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Mehdi Sadeghi ◽  
Foroud Bazrafshan ◽  
Mahdi Zare ◽  
Omid Alizadeh ◽  
Bahram Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
And Function

Drought stress is considered as a main restriction to have the best potential crops performance in arid and semi-arid regions in the world. Hence, some mechanistic strategies are required to manage drought stress detrimental influences. Silicon as an essential mineral nutrient, plays an important role in physiology, metabolism, and function of crops exposed to drought stress. This study was carried out to evaluate the influences of various irrigation regimes and silicon foliar on three safflower cultivars to find the optimal irrigation level and silicon fertilizer. Three levels of irrigation (0, 2 and 4 times irrigation during growth) were main plots and sub plots were three silicon foliar levels (0, 1 and 2 mM) and three safflower cultivars (Goldasht, Padideh and Golmehr). This experiment was performed in Firouzabad city, Fars Province, Iran with latitude 28°51' N and longitude 52°36' E, during 2018 and 2019. Malondialdehyde content (MDA), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), oil yield, oil content and seed yield were measured on these cultivars. Interactive effects of irrigation, silicon and cultivars were significant (p<0.01) for MDA, APX, oil yield and oil content. Drought stress in the all safflower cultivars caused a decline in seed yield, oil content and oil yield. On the other hands, silicon was mediated to decrease effect of drought stress and increased amount of seed yield, oil content, oil yield, PPO and SOD. The highest seed and oil yield were observed in Goldasht cultivar under full irrigation and 2mM silicon. Thus, it can be suggested that 1 mM of silicon foliar may ameliorate the performance of safflower exposed to drought stress.

scholarly journals Production of Organic Fertilizers from Rocket Seed (Eruca Sativa L.), Chicken Peat and Moringa Oleifera Leaves for Growing Linseed under Water Deficit Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Asif Ullah Khan ◽  
Faizan Ullah ◽  
Naeem Khan ◽  
Sultan Mehmood ◽  
Shah Fahad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Seed Cake

Linseed is an important industrial crop cultivated for its edible seeds and fiber linen. Organic fertilizers have beneficial effects on soil properties and quality of crops. Therefore, we conducted two field experiments during 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 to determine the effect of organic fertilizers on soil fertility, yield and fiber quality of linseed varieties Roshni, BL1 and Chandni under low soil moisture conditions. We prepared organic fertilizers from seed cake of Eruca sativa, leaves of Moringa oleifera and chicken peat in various combinations by composting method. The various formulations of organic fertilizers included OF1(1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa), OF2 (1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa + 1 kg chicken peat), OF3 (1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa + 0.5 kg chicken peat + 0.25 kg Moringa oliefera leaves) and OF4 (1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa + 0.250 kg chicken peat + 0.5 kg Moringa oliefera leaves). Compositional analysis of organic fertilizers indicated that OF3 and OF4 had higher and may potentially sufficient quantities of NPK and organic matter. Both of these fertilizers significantly improved soil total N, available P, K, Zn and Fe contents. Growth response of linseed varieties to organic fertilizers was evaluated under water deficit stress (40% field capacity of soil) at tillering stage for one month. Water stress had significantly adverse effects on plant height, production of tillers per plant, leaf relative water content (LRWC), number of capsules per plant, thousand seed weight, total seed yield, straw yield, fiber length and fiber weight of linseed varieties. However, the application of OF3 and OF4 significantly enhanced plant height, tillers production, LRWC, seed yield, straw yield, fiber length and fiber weight under water deficit stress. Water deficit stress also resulted in a significant increase in the content of phenolics of both the leaves and roots. For each measured quality parameter of linseed varieties, organic fertilizer treatments resulted in higher values than untreated and irrigated control. We concluded that organic fertilizers particularly OF3 and OF4 significantly improved soil fertility and minimized negative effect of water deficit stress on plant height, tillers production, LRWC, seed yield, straw yield, fiber length and fiber weight of linseed varieties.

Association analysis of molecular markers with traits under drought stress in safflower

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ebrahimi ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Majidi ◽  
Ahmad Arzani ◽  
Ghasem Mohammadi-Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Marker Loci

This study was performed to identify marker loci associated with important agronomic traits and oil content under two moisture conditions and find stable associations in test environments in a worldwide collection of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Association analysis was conducted between eight important traits and 341 polymorphic AFLP markers produced by 10 primer combinations (EcoRI/MseI) in 100 safflower genotypes. The results of population structure analysis identified three main subpopulations possessing significant genetic differences revealed by analysis of molecular variance. Association analysis explained the highest percentage of trait variation for seed yield (38%) under drought-stress conditions and number of seeds per capitulum (27.75%) under normal conditions. Four markers (M51/E41-6, M51/E41-4, M61/E40-6 and M62/E40-17) in drought-stress conditions and two markers (M62/E40-35 and M47/E37-13) in normal conditions were simultaneously associated with seed and oil yield. The markers stably associated with traits in all test environments included M62/E40-35 with seed yield in normal conditions, M62/E40-17 with seed yield in drought stress conditions, and M62/E41-11 with oil yield in drought-stress conditions. Significant relationships were identified between oil content and three markers (M61/E40-6, M47/E37-8 and M51/E32-9) under drought-stress conditions, and three markers (M61/E2-2, M61/E40-6 and M51/E41-12) under normal conditions. Among them, M51/E32-9 and M61/E2-2 markers showed stable association with oil content under drought-stress and normal conditions, respectively. Detected markers would be useful in marker-assisted breeding programs for safflower improvement in arid and semi-arid area.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Levels on Growth, Yield and Oil Quality of Indian Mustard Grown under Different Plant Densities

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Keivanrad ◽  
P. Zandi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT The study investigated agronomical and qualitative features of Indian mustard in a semi-arid region from Iran. Field trials were designed in split plot arrangement based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates at the Agricultural Faculty of Takestan, Iran. In the study, plant height (cm), the number of seeds in the siliqua (seed/siliqua), the number of siliquae in the plant (siliqua/plant), seed yield (kg/ha), biological yield (kg/ha), thousand-seed weight (g), harvest index (%), oil content (%) and oil yield (kg/ha) were determined. The all growth and yield parameters of mustard plant were significantly affected by nitrogen fertilization. All the parameters, except for harvest index (HI), were drastically affected by used densities. The highest seed yield and oil yield (2961 and 1159 kg/ha, respectively) were obtained for the crop utilized with 200 kg N/ha in plots with 80 plants/m2. The maximum oil content (43.97%) was recorded in the lowest plant density (80 plants/m2) and nitrogen application level of 50 kg/ha. Results suggest that in semi-arid region of Takestan, researchers must direct their selection treatments to increase oil quality of Indian mustard

scholarly journals Effect of sulphur on the seed yield and oil content of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Swapan Kumar Paul ◽  
Mosa Morsheda Khatun ◽  
Md Abdur Rahman Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Number Of Branches

Sulphur is a component of plant amino acids, proteins, vitamins, and enzyme structures which influence the productivity of oil seed and total oil content. The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of sulphur on the seed yield and oil content of sesame in Bangladesh. The experiment comprised three varieties of sesame viz. Binatil-2, Binatil-3 and BARI Til-4 and six levels of sulphur (S) viz. 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg S ha–1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Dry matter production, crop characters, yield components, seed yield and oil content were significantly influenced by variety, level of sulphur and their interaction. The highest dry matter production plant–1 at 50 DAS (17.56 g), plant height (101.3 cm), number of branches plant–1 (3.66),  number of pods plant-1 (41.56), number of seeds pod-1 (58.83),  seed yield    (747.2 kg ha-1), stover yield (2243.0 kg ha–1) and oil content (40.03%) were obtained in BARI Til-4 while the corresponding lowest values of all parameters were recorded in Binatil-2. In case of sulphur application, the highest dry matter production plant–1 at 50 DAS (20.81 g), plant height (109.7 cm), number of branches plant–1 (3.87),  number of pods plant–1 (46.13),  number of seeds pod-1 (56.67),  seed yield (800.0 kg ha–1), stover yield (2787 kg ha–1 ) and oil content (43.97%) were obtained when crop was fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1 while the lowest seed yield (502.2 kg ha–1), stover yield (1550.0 kg ha–1) and oil content (32.80%) were obtained in control (0 kg S ha–1). BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1 produced the highest dry matter plant–1 at 50 DAS (24.80 g), number of pods plant–1 (51.13), seeds pod–1 (62.0) and seed yield (1011.0 kg ha–1). The highest oil content (43.97%) was also recorded in BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1, which was as good as that of BARI Til-4 fertilized with 40 kg S ha–1. Therefore, BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1 can be considered as a promising practice in respect of seed yield and oil content of sesame in Bangladesh. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 33–38, March 2019

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