Impacts of Meteorological Attributes on Agronomic Characteristics of Sunflower Cultivated in the Cerrado

The sunflower has adaptation for cultivation in Brazilian conditions and the main product is the oil extracted from the seeds. This study aimed to verify the impacts of meteorological attributes on agronomic characteristics of sunflower genotypes cultivated as a second crop, in Mato Grosso, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized complete block design (RCBD), cultivating the two sunflower genotypes, M734 and Hélio, in three years (2009, 2011, 2012) with four replications. The agronomic characteristics evaluated were: plant height, capitulum diameter, weight of a thousand achenes, yield of achenes, oil content and oil yield. Then, water deficit and the maximum crop yield are estimated for correlation analysis between meteorological attributes and agronomic characteristics. In both genotypes studied there was a very strong correlation between plant height with evapotranspiration (r=0.99*) and very strong negative correlation (r=-0.99*) with water deficit. For mass of a thousand achenes, there was a very strong negative correlation with the maximum (r=-0.98*) and minimum (r=-0.96*) temperatures, and with evapotranspiration (r=-0.98*) in the Helio 358. In addition, effect of the water deficit on the oil yield (r=-0.98*) was verified for the same genotype. Very strong negative correlation was found between maximum temperature and oil content (r=-0.96*) in genotype M734. In sunflower cultivation in Mato Grosso, Brazil, water deficit reduces plant height, capitulum diameter and oil yield. The oil content of the achenes reduces when the maximum temperature increases, during the cultivation. For those reasons, the use of sunflower genotypes with shorter cycles and the earlier sowing could benefit the crop developing, by suiting the management, to avoid unfavorable climatic conditions that can cause reduction in production parameters.

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Influence of cut-off irrigation on seed quality and physiological indices of various safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1791 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Sayed Mohammad Taghi Tabib Loghmani ◽

Forood Bazrafshan ◽

Omid Alizadeh ◽

Bahram Amiri ◽

Abdollah Bahrani

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Oil Content ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Oilseed Crop ◽

Fars Province

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an oilseed crop adapted to arid and semiarid regions. In this study, an experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of water deficiency on plant height, 1,000-grain weight, seed yield, harvest index, relative water content (RWC), oil yield, and oil content in 15 safflower genotypes. A split-plot randomized complete blocks design was arranged with three replications. Safflower plants were grown under normal irrigation and water deficit conditions in Sarvestan, Fars Province, Iran during 2016 and 2017 growing seasons. Combined analysis results indicated that water deficit stress had negative effects on all measured indices. Average seed yield declined by 65.91% (2,337.91 to 796.79 kg ha−1) due to water deficit stress. Genotype also had a significant effect on evaluated indices, and the interaction between genotype and irrigation significantly influenced all indices except plant height. Under both conditions, highest RWC, seed yield, and oil yield were observed in Dincer and PI-537598 genotypes. Maximum plant height and 1,000-seed weight in both irrigation conditions were observed in the Dincer genotype. In the normal irrigation condition, maximum harvest index and oil content were observed in the CW-74 genotype. Thus, Dincer and PI-537598 were classified as the best genotypes (based on seed yield, RWC, and oil yield) under both normal irrigation and water deficit stress conditions.

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SELEÇÃO FENOTÍPICA DE HÍBRIDOS DE MILHO PARA AMBIENTES DE BAIXA ALTITUDE E DÉFICIT HÍDRICO

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v8i2.9265 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 172

Author(s):

Cristiani Santos Bernini ◽

Fernando André Silva Santos ◽

Douglas Santos Silva ◽

Zulema Netto Figueiredo

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Plant Height ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Phenotypic Selection ◽

Stay Green ◽

Study Region ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Secondary Characters

O emprego de cultivares tolerantes à seca apresenta como uma estratégia eficiente para aumentar a produtividade das culturas em áreas sujeitas a períodos de déficit hídrico frequente. Para construir um “padrão de cultivares” o desafio é adequar aos caracteres secundários do germoplasma de milho para os ambientes de estresse hídrico. O trabalho teve por objetivo: identificar híbridos comerciais de milho quanto aos caracteres secundários para o cultivo nos ambientes de baixa altitude e déficit hídrico. O experimento foi implantado em Cáceres (MT) na 2° safra de 2017/18, sob delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com 3 repetições. Foram avaliados os seguintes caracteres: alturas da planta e de espiga, florescimentos masculino e feminino, intervalo entre florescimentos, stay-green, peso de grãos e componentes de produção. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, e posteriormente agrupados pelo teste Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Os híbridos comerciais AG8088 PRO2, DKB177 PRO3, MG600 PW e 30F53 VYH se mostraram favoráveis para região de estudo, por possuírem produtividade média alta, sendo recomendados para cultivo no Sudoeste do Mato Grosso. Pode-se selecionar florescimento masculino, altura de plantas e stay-green como caracteres de seleção fenotípica para discriminação de híbridos para programas de melhoramento visando tolerância à seca.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L.; caracteres secundários; safrinha. PHENOTYPIC SELECTION OF MAIZE HYBRIDS FOR ENVIRONMENTS OF LOW LATITUDE AND WATER DEFICIT ABSTRACT: The use drought-tolerant cultivars presents itself as an efficient strategy to increase productivity of crops in areas subject to frequent periods of water deficit. To build a "pattern of cultivars" the challenge is to adapt to secondary characters of the germoplasm of maize for the environments of drought stress. The study aimed to: identify commercial hybrids of maize on the secondary characters for cultivation in environments of low altitude and water deficit. The experiment was deployed in Cáceres (MT) in second crop 2017/18, in a randomized block design with 3 replications. The following characters were evaluated: plant height and ear, flowering male and female, the interval between flowering, stay-green, grain weight and yield components. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and subsequently grouped by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The commercial hybrids AG8088 PRO2, DKB177 PRO3, MG600 PW and 30F53 VYH proved favorable to the study region, because they have average productivity high, being recommended for cultivation in the southwest of Mato Grosso. You can select flowering male, plant height and stay-green as characters of phenotypic selection for discrimination of hybrids for breeding programs aiming to drought tolerance.Keywords: Zea mays L.; secondary character; off-season.

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Impact of parent inbred lines on heterosis expression for agronomic characteristics in sunflower

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/100/2019-cjgpb ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 123-132

Author(s):

Assadollah Zakeri Haddadan ◽

Mehdi Ghaffari ◽

Eslam Majidi Hervan ◽

Bahram Alizadeh

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Relative Impact ◽

Head Diameter ◽

Days To Flowering ◽

Agronomic Characteristics ◽

The Impact

To study the impact of parent-inbred lines on the heterosis expression of the agronomic characteristics in sunflower hybrids, 24 sunflower hybrids along with the parent lines were evaluated for their agronomic characteristics as a randomised complete block design with three replications in the 2018–2019 growing seasons in Karaj, Iran. According to the results, the hybrids R29 × A346, R19 × A346, R29 × A40 had the highest achene yield (4 159, 4 143 and 4 108 kg/ha, respectively), but the highest heterosis was observed in R29 × A212 and R19 × A212 (182 and 181%, respectively) suggesting that the incidence of heterosis is related to the relative performance of both the parents and hybrids. The results confirmed the heterosis expression for most of the agronomic traits. The heterosis for the days to flowering and maturity were negative. All the mid-parent heterosis (MPH) for the plant height, head diameter, stem diameter and achene number were positive, while only the plant height was positive for the best parent heterosis (BPH). Almost all the MPH and BPH of the crosses for the achene and oil yield were positive, which indicates a considerable heterosis for the achene and oil yield. The results showed that the relative impact of the restorer (R)-lines was higher than the cytoplasmic mail sterile (CMS)-lines on the heterosis expression for the days to maturity, stem diameter, achene number per head and achene and oil yield. The CMS-lines had more of an impact on the heterosis expression for the plant height and the relative impact of the R-lines and CMS-lines were almost similar for the days to flowering, head diameter, achene weight and oil content. Due to the higher relative impact of the paternal lines on the heterosis expression for half of the studied characteristics in this study, choosing suitable parental lines will have a crucial role in breeding the sunflowers for a desired trait.

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Agronomic Characteristics Correlation of Sunflower Genotypes Grown in the Second Crop in the Cerrado

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2019/v36i630249 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Onassis Henrique Simon Rondon ◽

Dayana Aparecida De Faria ◽

Anne Caroline Dallabrida Avelino ◽

Dryelle Sifuentes Pallaoro ◽

Aluisio Brigido Borba Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Agronomic Characteristics ◽

Pearson Correlation Analysis ◽

Sowing Season ◽

Selection Of

The present work aimed to evaluate the correlation of the agronomic characteristics of sunflower genotypes grown for seven years in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, as an aid for the indirect selection of genotypes. The data were obtained from experiments conducted in the period from 2009 to 2017, in the municipality of Campo Verde, Mato Grosso state, Brazil, using different sunflower genotypes. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the following agronomic characteristics: Initial flowering (IF), physiological maturation (PM), plant height (PH), thousand achene weight (TAW), achene yield (AY), oil content (OC) and oil yield (OY). A strong positive correlation (r = 0.75*) was observed between IF and AY, and a moderately strong positive correlation (r = 0.67*) between PM and AY. There was a negative correlation (r = -0.51*) between TAW and OC, as well as between plant height and achene yield (r = -0.32*) and oil yield (r = -0.34*). Late-cycle genotypes showed a positive correlation with achene yield and oil yield. Smaller plants favor productive parameters. Further studies and the anticipation of the crop sowing season in the second crop are suggested due to the local edaphoclimatic conditions.

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Agronomic attributes and stability of exotic sunflower hybrids in Iran

Helia ◽

10.1515/helia-2020-0004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (72) ◽

pp. 67-81

Author(s):

Mehdi Ghaffari ◽

Seyed Abbasali Andarkhor ◽

Malihe Homayonifar ◽

Seyed Ahmad Kalantar Ahmadi ◽

Farnaz Shariati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Oil Content ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Phenotypic Variability ◽

Block Design ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Growing Period ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

West Azerbaijan

AbstractIn order to identifying of high yielding compatible sunflower hybrids for different regions of Iran, a set of 10 exotic hybrids from Serbia, Turkey, and Italy and four Iranian hybrids were evaluated for agronomic traits; days to flowering and maturity, plant height, head and stem diameter, 1000-achenes weight, achene number per head, oil content and achene, and oil yield. The experiments were conducted as completely randomized block design with four replications in Alborz, Mazandaran, Khuzestan, and West Azerbaijan Provinces for two years (2017–2018). According to the results growing period of the hybrids were variable from 86 days for Dukat to 98 days for Fantaziya. The hybrids Slatki and Dukat had the highest (70 g) and lowest (56 g) 1000-achenes weight. The highest oil content was observed in 08TR003 (45.6%). Among the locations, Miandoab had the highest achene yield (3110 kg/ha). In Sari; the hybrids Barzegar, Fantaziya, and Slatki (3080, 2893, and 2853 kg/ha respectively), In Dezful; Barzegar, Cartago, and Oscar (3234, 3409, and 3226 kg/ha respectively), in Karaj; Oscar, Shams, and Fantaziya (3138, 3081, and 3050 kg/ha respectively), and in Miandob Shams, Fantaziya, and Slatki (4093, 4038, and 3895 kg/ha respectively) had the highest achene yield. Considering overall mean Fantaziya, Shams, and Oskar had the highest achene yield (3286, 3145, and 3087 kg/ha respectively), as well as Fantaziya followed by Barzegar and Shams had the highest oil yield (1396, 1335, and 1330 kg/ha respectively). Considering phenotypic variability among the exotic hybrids Fantaziya, Oskar, Slatki, Novak, 08TR003, and Meteor with lower coefficient of variation and higher achene yield considered as the stable higher yielding hybrids in four test locations of Iran. Through identifying high-yielding and compatible hybrids, the results of this study can assists in increasing of sunflower yield and production in Iran.

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Agronomic characteristics of common bean and castor bean hybrids in intercropping and monocropping

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n3p200-205 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 200-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cristiane F. Lisboa ◽

Deyner D. A. Silva ◽

Itamar R. Teixeira ◽

Alessandro G. da Silva ◽

José H. Mota

Keyword(s):

Common Bean ◽

Plant Height ◽

Castor Bean ◽

Block Design ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Common Beans ◽

Agronomic Characteristics ◽

Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT Common bean has great importance in the Brazilian economy and castor bean is still emerging in Midwestern Brazil, but with great potential of exploitation by farmers due to the prevailing climatic conditions and flat topography. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of common bean cultivars and castor bean hybrids in intercropping and monocropping under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Cerrado region. The randomized block design was used in 4 x 2 + 6 factorial scheme, with three replicates. Treatments were composed of four cultivars of common beans (BRS Pérola, BRS Esteio, BRSMG Realce and BRS Pitanga) intercropped with two castor bean hybrids (Tamar and Ag Ima), plus the respective crops in monocropping. In common bean cultivars, plant height was influenced in the intercropping with castor bean hybrids; however, agronomic characteristics of the castor bean hybrids were not influenced by common bean cultivars. The intercropping between common bean cultivars (BRS Esteio, BRSMG Realce and BRS Pitanga) and castor bean hybrids (Tamar and Ag Ima) was classified as viable by the area equivalence index, since this index presented values greater than 1.0 for the intercropping between these cultivars. This fact indicates that it would take more than one hectare in monocropping to produce the same amount than one hectare in intercropping.

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Action of auxin inhibitors on growth and grain yield of soybean

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/s0034-737x2013000500004 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (5) ◽

pp. 621-628 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gederson Luiz Buzzello ◽

Michelangelo Muzell Trezzi ◽

José Abramo Marchese ◽

Elouize Xavier ◽

Edemir Miotto Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Block Design ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Fertility Level ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Soybean Genotypes ◽

Soybean Plants

Soybean genotypes grown in sub-tropical climate may exhibit lodging. The plant lodging is influenced by soil type and fertility level, sowing date, latitude and altitude of the location, plant population and conditions of crop development. Plant regulators and herbicides are able to avoid or reduce plant lodging. This study aimed to verify the effects of the growth regulators TIBA and daminozide on vegetative growth and yield of soybean cultivar CD 214 RR. The experiment was carried out at a field in randomized block design with four replications in a factorial scheme. The A factor was represented by the combination of regulators TIBA and daminozide and its concentrations, and the Factor B was seven times of evaluation of injury and plant height or eight times of evaluation of lodging. In the range of doses used, the application of daminozide resulted in greater injury to soybean plants than TIBA. The smaller plant height was achieved by the application of 6 g ha-1 of TIBA and 1200 g ha-¹ of daminozide. Treatments with daminozide (100 g ha-¹) and TIBA (10 g ha-1) stood out due to the reduced lodging of soybean plants. Grain weight increased linearly when the levels of TIBA increased. There was a negative correlation between lodging and grain yield and a positive correlation between plant height and lodging. There was also a negative correlation between injury caused by the application of plant regulators and lodging.

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Heterotic Effects in Fls and Inbreeding Depression in F2 Hybrids of Sunflower

Biological Sciences - PJSIR ◽

10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.58.1.2015.1.10 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Shahnaz Memon ◽

Muhammad Jurial Baloch ◽

Gul Muhammad Baloch ◽

Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Inbreeding Depression ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Oil Yield ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Hybrid Vigour ◽

Head Diameter ◽

Days To Maturity ◽

F2 Hybrids

Genetically diverse female lines of sunflower were crossed with male testers to get heterotic hybrids. Studies were carried-out during 2008-2010 at Experiment filed of Agriculture Research Institute, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan. Six female lines like T-4-0319, PAC-0505, HO-I, Hysun-33, Peshawar-93 and CMS-03 and three testers i.e., PAC-0306, PAC-64-A and SF-187 were crossed in a line ´ tester mating design, thus 18 F1 and F2 hybrids were developed for evaluation of heterosis and inbreeding depression for days to initial flowering, days to maturity, leaves/plant, plant height (cm), head diameter (cm), 1000-achene weight (g), seed yield kg/ha and oil yield kg/ha. The experiment was conducted in a randomised complete block design with four replications. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among parents, F1s and F2 hybrids for all the traits studied. The existence of significant genetic variability among the plant traits is particularly useful because variations in these traits would allow further improvement in sunflowerseed yield and oil traits. The F1 hybrids HO-I ´ PAC-0306 and HO-I PA ´ C-64-A exhibited desirable negative mid and better parent heterosis for days to initial flowering, days to maturity and plant height. These hybrids also manifested desirable positive heterotic effects for leaves/plant, head diameter, 1000-achenes weight, seed yield and oil yield. Inbreeding depression for phenological, seed yield and oil traits showed that desirable high inbreeding depression was observed in hybrids HO-I ´ P´AC-64-A, HO-I ´ PAC-0306 and HO-I ´ SF-187 for days to initial flowering, similarly T-4-0319 ´ PAC-0306, PAC-0505 ´ SF-187 and HO-I ´ PAC-64-A explicated maximum but rewarding inbreeding depression for days to maturity. The F2 hybrids Hysun-33 ´ SF-187 and Peshawer-93 ´ PAC-64-A may be the most desirable ones in the sense that they recorded comparatively moderate inbreeding depression with enough number of leaves to be productive if F2 hybrids are to be exploited for hybrid vigour. Low inbreeding depression for various traitsindicated that such hybrids some how favour the usefulness of F2 hybrids in sunflower.

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The Response of Citronella Grass on Several NPKMg Fertlization Levels in Latosol Soil Type

Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat ◽

10.21082/bullittro.v29n2.2018.69-78 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

NFN Setiawan ◽

NFN Gusmaini ◽

Hera Nurhayati

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Soil Type ◽

Oil Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Citronella Oil ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Experimental Garden ◽

Citronella Grass ◽

Npk Fertilization

<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="456">Citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus var genuinus L) is an essential oil-producing plant known as "Citronella Oil of Java". Oil is resulted from leaf distillation. The fertilization of N, P, K and Mg was expected to enhance herb productivity and oil yield of citronella grass. The research was conducted at Cicurug Experimental Garden, Sukabumi from August 2016 - February 2017. The objective of this research was to determine the proper dosage of NPKMg fertilizer on citronella grass in Latosol soil type. The study was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with 6 fertilization treatments and 4 replications. Fertilizer treatments were (1) without fertilizer (control), (2) NPKMg (12:12:17:2): (2) at the dosage of 141 kg.ha-1,(3) 281 kg.ha-1, (4) 421 kg.ha-1, (5) 526 kg.ha-1, and (6) Urea 150 kg.ha-1, SP-36 50 kg.ha-1 and KCl 125 kg.ha-1 (as comparison). The NPKMg fertilization on citronella grass enhanced plant growth and increased the productivity of biomass and oil yield. The application of NPKMg fertilization (12:12:17:2) 141 kg.ha-1 produced 23 tons of herbs, increased by 30.8 % compared to NPK fertilization without Mg. The dosage of NPKMg fertilizer (12-12-17-2) at 281 kg.ha-1 indicated the best growth and the highest herb production (24 ton.ha-1), increased by 39 %, while the highest oil content (1.4 %) was shown by 421 kg.ha-1 NPKMg (12-12-17-2) treatment, although the oil yield was insignificant compared to 281 kg.ha-1. Thus, the dosage of 281 kg.ha-1 NPKMg (12:12:17:2) can be recommended for citronella <ins cite="mailto:ASUS" datetime="2019-06-17T09:10"> grass</ins> cultivated at Latosol<ins cite="mailto:ASUS" datetime="2019-06-17T09:10"> soil type</ins></td></tr></tbody></table>

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Combining Ability of Sunflower Inbred Lines under Drought Stress

Helia ◽

10.1515/helia-2017-0009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (69) ◽

pp. 201-212

Author(s):

Mehdi Ghaffari ◽

Farnaz Shariati

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Oil Content ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Stressed Condition ◽

Considerable Variability ◽

Early Maturity ◽

Days To Maturity ◽

Selection Of

AbstractSixteen sunflower hybrids obtained by crossing between four CMS and four restorer lines as tester were evaluated for combining abilities of agronomic traits under optimum and water limited conditions using line×tester mating design. There was considerable variability among genotypes for the traits in both normal and stressed experiments. The results indicated that the lines AGK344 and AGK148 with suitable GCA for early maturity and plant height respectively and AGK52 for oil content and seed and oil yield were desirable combiner under both optimum and stressed condition. In other hand, AGK344 expressed a significant GCA for plant height in suitable direction under stressed condition. Among the testers RGK26 and RGK56 had suitable GCA for days to maturity under both conditions. RGK56 and RGK26 were appropriate combiner for oil content under optimum and water stressed conditions respectively the later had desired GCA for seed and oil yield under water stressed condition too. According to the results, there was differentiate GCA of testers for days to flowering, seed weight and oil content in normal and stressed condition. Differential expressions of GCA in parent inbred lines indicated that selection of restorer lines for the agronomic traits would be more efficient than the selection of CMS lines. It is concluded that heritability of a trait determines the kind of SCA in response to different environments and the SCA effects are more stable for traits with higher heritability.

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