Prevalence of and risk factors for respiratory symptoms in an adult urban population

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Z. Akhter ◽  
S. Razzaq ◽  
U. Rabbani ◽  
M. Irfan ◽  
P. Burney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Respiratory Symptom ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Multi Stage

OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of and risk factors for respiratory symptoms in an adult urban Pakistani population.METHODS: We conducted a multi-stage, community-based, cross-sectional survey from May 2014 to August 2015, comprising 1629 adults from 75 random clusters in Karachi using questionnaire-based interviews.RESULTS: Around 60% of participants were females and 43% belonged to the >37 years age group. At least one respiratory symptom was reported by 37.5% of participants. Breathlessness was the most common symptom (25.2%, 95%CI 23.1–27.3), followed by acute wheeze (10.1%, 95%CI 8.7–11.7). Multivariable models revealed that males and those aged >37 years were more likely to report acute and chronic phlegm and bronchitis, and breathlessness. Participants with a higher level of education were less likely to report acute and chronic cough. Participants with >5 years pack-years of smoking were more likely to report acute and chronic cough and breathlessness. Other risk factors included passive smoking, regular use of air conditioning and mosquito coils, wet spots and mould in the house, and exposure to dusty jobs.CONCLUSION: We found breathlessness to be the most prevalent respiratory symptom and identified various risk factors for respiratory symptoms.

scholarly journals Prevalence of gastroenteritis among 4-year-old children in South Australia

2003 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. HEYWORTH ◽  
P. BAGHURST ◽  
K. A. McCAUL
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
School Health ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of gastroenteritis among children aged 4 years in South Australia. A cross-sectional survey of 9543 South Australian children aged 4 years was undertaken. Parents completed a questionnaire on behalf of their child who had attended a pre-school health check in 1998. The questionnaire covered gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms experienced by the child in the previous 2 weeks and other risk factors for gastroenteritis. The 2-week prevalence of gastroenteritis among 4-year-old children was 14·2%. The major risk factors for gastroenteritis were presence of persons who had gastroenteritis inside the home, contact with persons who had gastroenteritis outside the home, antibiotic use and sore throat. Medical attention was sought for 20% of children who had gastroenteritis. Gastroenteritis is a significant cause of morbidity among young children and presents a considerable burden on the community. A substantial proportion of these occurrences of highly credible gastrointestinal symptoms may be manifestations of respiratory infections.

scholarly journals Hepatitis A and E seroprevalence and associated risk factors: a community-based cross-sectional survey in rural Amazonia

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Lamarca Vitral ◽  
Mônica da Silva-Nunes ◽  
Marcelo Alves Pinto ◽  
Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Maria Coimbra Gaspar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Use of medicinal plants for COVID-19 prevention and respiratory symptom treatment during the pandemic in Cusco, Peru: A cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magaly Villena-Tejada ◽  
Ingrid Vera-Ferchau ◽  
Anahi Cardona-Rivero ◽  
Rina Zamalloa-Cornejo ◽  
Mercedes Maritza Quispe-Florez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Respiratory Symptom ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru has led to people seeking alternative treatments as preventives and treatment options such as medicinal plants. This study aimed to assess factors associated with the use of medicinal plants as preventive or treatment of respiratory symptom related to COVID-19 during the pandemic in Cusco, Peru. Method: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on general public (20- to 70-year-old) from August 31 to September 20, 2020. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire via Google Forms, it consisted of an 11-item questionnaire that was developed and validated by expert judgment using Aiken's V (Aiken's V > 0.9). Both descriptive statistics and bivariate followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess factors associated with the use of medicinal plants for COVID-19 prevention and respiratory symptom treatment during the pandemic. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and a P-value of 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. Results: A total of 1,747 respondents participated in the study, 80.2% reported that they used medicinal plants as preventives, while 71% reported that they used them to treat respiratory symptoms. At least, 24% of respondents used medicinal plants when presenting with two or more respiratory symptoms, while at least 11% used plants for malaise. For treatment or prevention, the multivariate analysis showed that most respondents used eucalyptus (p < 0.001 for both), ginger (p < 0.022 for both), spiked pepper (p < 0.003 for both), garlic (p = 0.023 for prevention), and chamomile (p = 0.011 for treatment). The respondents with COVID-19 (p < 0.001), at older ages (p = 0.046), and with a family member or friend who had COVID-19 (p < 0.001) used more plants for prevention. However, the respondents with technical or higher education used less plants for treatment (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There was a significant use of medicinal plants for both prevention and treatment, which was associated with several population characteristics and whether respondents had COVID-19.

scholarly journals Use of medicinal plants for COVID-19 prevention and respiratory symptom treatment during the pandemic in Cusco, Peru: A cross-sectional survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257165
Author(s):  
Magaly Villena-Tejada ◽  
Ingrid Vera-Ferchau ◽  
Anahí Cardona-Rivero ◽  
Rina Zamalloa-Cornejo ◽  
Maritza Quispe-Florez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Respiratory Symptom ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru has led to people seeking alternative treatments as preventives and treatment options such as medicinal plants. This study aimed to assess factors associated with the use of medicinal plants as preventive or treatment of respiratory symptom related to COVID-19 during the pandemic in Cusco, Peru. Method A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on general public (20- to 70-year-old) from August 31 to September 20, 2020. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire via Google Forms, it consisted of an 11-item questionnaire that was developed and validated by expert judgment using Aiken’s V (Aiken’s V > 0.9). Both descriptive statistics and bivariate followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess factors associated with the use of medicinal plants for COVID-19 prevention and respiratory symptom treatment during the pandemic. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and a P-value of 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. Results A total of 1,747 respondents participated in the study, 80.2% reported that they used medicinal plants as preventives, while 71% reported that they used them to treat respiratory symptoms. At least, 24% of respondents used medicinal plants when presenting with two or more respiratory symptoms, while at least 11% used plants for malaise. For treatment or prevention, the multivariate analysis showed that most respondents used eucalyptus (p < 0.001 for both), ginger (p < 0.022 for both), spiked pepper (p < 0.003 for both), garlic (p = 0.023 for prevention), and chamomile (p = 0.011 for treatment). The respondents with COVID-19 (p < 0.001), at older ages (p = 0.046), and with a family member or friend who had COVID-19 (p < 0.001) used more plants for prevention. However, the respondents with technical or higher education used less plants for treatment (p < 0.001). Conclusion There was a significant use of medicinal plants for both prevention and treatment, which was associated with several population characteristics and whether respondents had COVID-19.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of inadequate medicine home storage: a community-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rand Randall Martins ◽  
Andreza Duarte Farias ◽  
Yonara Monique da Costa Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo dos Santos Diniz ◽  
Antonio Gouveia Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Male Subject ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Older Person ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
And Storage

OBJECTIVE: Assess the extent of inadequate home storage of medicines andidentify important risk factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey based on a probability sample in the community, conducted in 267 households in Cuité, State of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil, in 2014. Logistic regression was used to study the risk factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of households with inadequate storage was 76.0%. Problems with storage include direct exposure to sunlight in 10.9% of households, the presence of dust in 23.6%, and storage within reach of children in 76.0%. Medications no longer used are usually disposed of into the environment in 92.1% of households. Inadequate storage is more likely when home organization of medications is the responsibility of a male subject (OR = 1.729) or an older person (OR = 1.029), when out of date medicines are found (OR = 2.963), and in households with no children (OR = 2.088). CONCLUSIONS: Physicians and pharmacists should advise patients on how to adequately store medicines at home, especially when the person in charge of medications is a male or an older adult, and if there are no children in the household.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases and its Risk Factors among Ijegun-Isheri Osun Residents in Lagos State, Nigeria: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris Oluwaseyidayo Israel ◽  
Ayodipupo Sikiru Oguntade ◽  
Ekow Adom Mensah ◽  
Noriko Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Epidemiologic Transition ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background The rapid epidemiologic transition of diseases has adverse implications for low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to their limited healthcare, weaker health systems and the westernization of lifestyle. There is the need to evaluate the enormity or otherwise of the NCD burden and address it. However, there is a paucity of literature on the burden of NCDs in Nigeria. We therefore conducted this survey to determine the prevalence of NCDs and its risk factors among the Ijegun- Isheri Osun community residents of Lagos, Nigeria. Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey design was applied with 215 participants selected consecutively during a population preventive health campaign. Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia were calculated, with further exploration on associations between these variables done. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the risk factors of the three NCDs (hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia). Results The prevalence of hypertension was 35.3% (95%CI 29.0-42.1), diabetes 4.6% (95%CI 2.2–8.4) and dyslipidemia 47.1% (95%CI 41.1–54.8). Three major risk factors evaluated showed prevalence of smoking to be 41.3% (95%CI 34.2–48.6), alcohol consumption 72.5% (95% CI 65.5–78.7), and physical activity 52.9 (95%CI 45.5–60.2). The independent significant risk factors of hypertension were age ≥ 60 years (aOR 4.56 95%CI: 1.72–12.09) and dyslipidaemia (aOR 5.01 95%CI: 2.26–11.13). Age age ≥ 60 years (aOR 8.83 95%CI: 1.88–41.55) was an independent risk factor of diabetes. Age age ≥ 60 years aOR 29.32 95%CI: 4.78-179.84), being employed (aOR 11.12 95%CI: 3.10-39.92), smoking (aOR 2.34 95%CI: 1.03–5.33) and physical activity (aOR 0.34 95%CI: 0.15–0.76) were independent risk factors of having dyslipidaemia. Conclusions The results suggest that prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia together with their associated risk factors are high, highlighting the need for further implementation research and policy directions to tackle the NDC burden in the research community, Nigeria, sub-Saharan Africa and the world at large. These strategies must be community specific, prioritizing the various risk factors and addressing them accordingly.

scholarly journals A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY OF THE PREVALENCE AND THE RISK FACTORS OF TOBACCO USE AMONGST CONSTRUCTION ARTISANS IN EKITI STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Oluwatemitope Olomofe ◽  
Caryl Beynon ◽  
Kabir Adekunle Durowade ◽  
Oluwafunmike Ruth Olomofe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Age Range

Background: Construction artisans are those who perform skilled work relating to the erection or assembly of a large structure. These artisans are prone to tobacco use. This study aims to assess the prevalence and the associated risk factors of tobacco use amongst construction artisans in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a multi-stage sampling technique to select participants (carpenters and bricklayers) artisans, journeymen, and their apprentices who were working in Ekiti State. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to test for association in bivariate and multivariate analyses respectively. Results: The prevalence of ever-smoke amongst respondents was 19.3%. Multivariate analysis showed that artisans who were within the age range 31-40 years were four times more likely to use tobacco (OR=3.410; CI=1.476-7.878). Similarly, being in school and divorced/separated were associated with tobacco use. Conclusion: Noting the increased prevalence of tobacco use among construction artisans when compared to the general population, and few self-reported cases of addiction amongst users demands action from communities and government at all levels. Keywords Construction artisans, tobacco use, Nigeria

scholarly journals Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases and its Risk Factors among Ijegun-Isheri Osun Residents in Lagos State, Nigeria: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Oluwaseyidayo Idris ◽  
Ayodipupo Sikiru Oguntade ◽  
Ekow Adom Mensah ◽  
Noriko Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Epidemiologic Transition ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Lagos State

Abstract Background: The rapid epidemiologic transition of diseases has adverse implications for low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Nigeria due to their limited healthcare, weaker health systems and the westernization of lifestyle. There is a need to evaluate the enormity or otherwise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) burden in such low resource settings. We performed this survey to determine the prevalence of NCDs and its risk factors among the Ijegun- Isheri Osun community residents of Lagos, Nigeria.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was performed on 215 respondents recruited consecutively during a population preventive health campaign. Prevalence of three NCDs (hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia) were calculated. Associations between each of these NCDs and selected risk factors were determined using chi square test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the risk factors of each of the three NCDs.Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 35.3% (95%CI 29.0-42.1), diabetes 4.6% (95%CI 2.2-8.4) and dyslipidaemia 47.1% (95%CI 41.1-54.8). Among the NCD risk factors, the prevalence of smoking was 41.3% (95%CI 34.2-48.6), alcohol consumption 72.5% (95% CI 65.5-78.7), and physical activity 52.9 (95%CI 45.5-60.2). The independent significant predictors of hypertension were age ≥60 years (aOR 4.56; 95%CI: 1.72-12.09) and dyslipidaemia (aOR 5.01; 95%CI: 2.26-11.13). Age ≥60 years (aOR 8.83; 95%CI: 1.88-41.55) was an independent predictor of diabetes. Age ≥60 years (aOR 29.32; 95%CI: 4.78-179.84), being employed (aOR 11.12; 95%CI: 3.10-39.92), smoking (aOR 2.34; 95%CI: 1.03-5.33) and physical activity (aOR 0.34; 95%CI: 0.15-0.76) were independent predictors of having dyslipidaemia.Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia and their associated risk factors are high among the respondents of Ijegun-Isheri Osun community of Lagos state, Nigeria. This highlights the need for further implementation research and policy directions to tackle NCD burden in urban communities in Nigeria. These strategies must be community specific, prioritizing the various risk factors and addressing them accordingly.

scholarly journals Respiratory symptoms and associated risk factors among under-five children in Northwest Ethiopia: community based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zewudu Andualem ◽  
Asefa Adimasu Taddese ◽  
Zelalem Nigussie Azene ◽  
Jember Azanaw ◽  
Henok Dagne
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Introduction: Acute respiratory infections are still a major public health problem resulting in morbidity and mortality among under-five children. This study aims to assess the extent of respiratory symptoms and associated risk factors among under-five children in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out from February to June 2019. From 792 study participants, data were collected via face to face interviews by using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire. Data were entered in Epi Info version 7 then exported to Stata 14.00 for analysis. Binary (Bivariable and Multivariable) logistic regression analysis was used to test the association of explanatory and outcome variables. Variables with p<0.05 were considered as significantly associated with the outcome variable.Results: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms among under-five children was 37.5% at [95% (CI: 34.3-41)]. Uterine irritability during pregnancy [AOR = 1.89 at 95% CI: (1.11-3.23)], physical exercise during pregnancy [AOR = 0.60 at 95% CI: (0.41-0.89)], using wood and coal for heating [AOR = 2.42 at 95% CI: (1.65-3.53)], cockroaches infestation [AOR = 1.95 at 95% CI: (1.36 – 2.90)], presence of new carpets [AOR = 2.38 at 95% CI: (1.33-4.29)], damp stain [AOR = 2.45 at 95% CI: (1.02-2.69)], opening windows during cooking [AOR = 0.58 at 95% CI: (0.36 - 0 .93)], living less than 100 m heavy traffic [AOR = 1.94 at 95% CI: (1.16-3.27)], and living less than 100 m (unpaved roads/streets) [AOR= 2.89 at 95% CI: (1.89-4.55)] were significantly associated with respiratory symptoms.Conclusion: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms among under-five children was relatively high in the study area. Personal and environmental characteristics influencing symptom occurrence were identified. Respiratory symptoms will be minimized by reducing exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollution and enhancing housing quality.

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