Geobusiness

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
dr hab, prof. SGH Teresa Pakulska ◽  
dr Małgorzata Poniatowska-Jaksch
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Information Revolution ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past

The information revolution has caused that the companies operate both in the traditional and virtual space. This second dimension changes the business models of the past, and thus implies the necessity to look slightly different on the meaning of the environment and its role in shaping the competitive advantages of the company than during the industrial revolution. This article presents an original analytical proposal of a holistic approach to business, referred to as geobusiness. At the core of this concept, there are three assumptions: each economic activity is carried out in geospace, the market on which the companies compete evolves into an open market, geospace and business are strongly interdependent.

Report: Globalization of Economic Activity: Issues for Tourism

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanaa Fayed ◽  
John Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Distinguishing Features

Economic activity is not only becoming more internationalized, but, more significantly, it is becoming increasingly globalized. Globalization is always regarded as the product of the liberalization that has been the hallmark of economic policy throughout the world during the past decade. It has also set in motion forces working to accelerate liberalization. One of the distinguishing features of trade at the end of the twentieth century and at the start of the new millennium has been the expansion of regional trade agreements and the multilateral agreements. The internationalization of services is at the core of today's economic globalization. Tourism has become one of the most important industries in the world, and its economic impacts are vital for many countries. It has long supported the idea of services agreements and has become a major component in the globalization of international trade, particularly with respect to services. There is no doubt that the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) have assisted the growth of international trade in goods and services. However, the success of such instruments relies upon markets behaving in a Ricardian manner, incorporating the fluidity and transparency that form the substance of those markets.

scholarly journals TQM and HRM: An Integrated Approach to Organizational Success

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41
Author(s):  
Bina Sharma ◽  
M. A. Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Total Quality Management ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past

In the past, most managers considered total quality management (TQM) philosophy very different from human resource management (HRM) philosophy because TQM focused on incremental improvements from the bottom up, whereas the HRM functions were based on a top-down approach in the organization’s hierarchy. Their understanding of the word “TQM” not only depended on process management but also on managing the process itself as in statistical process control (SPC). Therefore, the very few managers who did pay attention to quality implemented it on the floor-level of HRM activities where the core functions of the organizations were performed. The emerging thinking of HRM, however, is that TQM complements HRM functions and provides long-term competitive advantages to organizations. Supporting these ideas, this paper reflects on the past, examines the present, and proposes an integrated framework for organizations’ overall success.

scholarly journals Soundscape: Progress in the past 50 years and challenges in the next 50 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (6) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Jian Kang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Noise Control ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Step Change ◽  
Control Engineering ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
The Past

Soundscape is defined by the ISO as the 'acoustic environment as perceived or experienced and/or understood by a person or people, in context'. Different from conventional noise control engineering, soundscape promotes a holistic approach, regarding sounds as 'resources' rather than just 'wastes'. This paper first briefly reviews the soundscape progress in the past 50 years, showing that there has been a recognised focus shift from noise control to soundscape creation, and also a step change from soundscape concept to practice. Then the current developments and needs in soundscape are dis-cussed in terms of soundscape understating and exchanging, collecting and documenting, harmonis-ing and standardising, creating and designing, and outreaching, showing that while considerable works have been carried out, much work is still needed, in terms of basic research, and more im-portantly, research towards practice. Finally, some major challenges in the next 50 years are ex-plored, considering the new industrial revolution, climate change and changing living styles.

US tech firms will be at the core of intra-EU quarrels

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Eu Policy ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internet Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
European Regulatory

Subject EU/US tensions on internet economy Significance Over the past few weeks, the European Commission has proposed a series of reforms to facilitate the growth of the digital economy, resisting calls for greater regulation of the sector and the US internet companies that dominate key segments of it. Yet those companies have also been the target of some national authorities who seek to limit the disruption of incumbent business models. Impacts US companies are likely to redouble their efforts to lobby national and European authorities for a lighter European regulatory framework. Differences are likely to persist on core principles, particularly around data protection and privacy. EU policy is shifting towards creating an environment that will foster the emergence of EU companies that can compete with US tech giants.

scholarly journals Defining Virus-Carrier Networks That Shape the Composition of the Mosquito Core Virome of an Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostantinos Konstantinidis ◽  
Nikolas Dovrolis ◽  
Adamantia Kouvela ◽  
Katerina Kassela ◽  
Maria Goreti Rosa Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Stable Core ◽  
Multiple Species

Abstract BackgroundMosquitoes are the most important vectors of emerging infectious diseases. During the past decade, our understanding of the diversity of viruses they carry has greatly expanded. Most of these viruses are considered mosquito-specific, while there is increasing evidence that these viruses may affect mosquito vector potential. Metagenomics approaches have focused on specific mosquito species for the identification of what is called core virome. However, in most ecosystems, multiple species may participate in virus emergence and circulation, while there is lack of understanding on the viruses-carrier/host network for both vector-borne and mosquito-specific viruses. Results Here, we studied the core mosquito virome in a diverse ecosystem comprised of 24 different mosquito species. Analysis of these 24 diverse viromes resulted in the discovery of 35 viruses with known genetic traits and 9 novel viruses. Comparison of the viromes of the 24 individual species revealed novel relationships between mosquito species and virus families, as most of the mosquito species had never been analysed in the past. Groups of related viruses and mosquito species from multiple genera formed a complex network in the ecosystem. Analyses of whole traps of mosquitoes of variable composition not only showed a stable core virome for each species but also a relationship between mosquito population and virome composition.ConclusionsOur study highlighted the importance of a holistic approach regarding mosquito viromes in rich and diverse ecosystems. Our data further supported the idea of a stable core virome, characteristic of each mosquito species. The remarkable stability of the core virome seemed to determine the composition of the total mosquito core virome of a habitat in the ecosystem.

scholarly journals The Low Cost Carrier Revolution Continues: Evidence From The US Airline Industry

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Bogdan Daraban
Keyword(s):  
Airline Industry ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Font Size ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Considerable Cost ◽  
The Us ◽  
Low Cost Carrier ◽  
Competing Models

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-pagination: none; tab-stops: 6.0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Over the past twenty years the US airline industry has been marked by the intense competition between the Low-Cost Carriers (LCCs) and the Full-Service Carrier (FSCs). The fundamental differences between the two business models are reflected in considerable cost advantages of the LCCs. In this paper, I use a set of model specific metrics to investigate whether the competitive process has led to convergence in some of the key features of the competing models. I conclude that despite some evidence of convergence along certain dimensions, the LCCs </span><span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">are not ready to abandon the core LCC model.</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>

Defences to Copyright Infringement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavroula Karapapa
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Copyright Infringement ◽  
Digital Learning ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Content Mining ◽  
Exceptions And Limitations ◽  
Media Monitoring

Defences to copyright infringement have gained increased significance over the past twenty years. The fourth industrial revolution emerged with the development of innovative copy-reliant services and business models, transforming the way in which copyright works can be used, from digital learning methods to mass digitization initiatives, media monitoring services, image transformation tools, and content mining technologies. The lawfulness of such innovative services and business methods, which arguably have the potential to enhance public welfare, is dubious and challenges copyright law. EU copyright contains specifically enumerated, narrowly drafted, and strictly interpreted defensive rules, often taking the form of the so-called exceptions and limitations to copyright. Because the fourth industrial revolution promises innovation and business growth—stated objectives of EU copyright—it invites an examination of defensive rules as a whole. The book adopts a holistic approach in its exploration of the limits of permissibility under EU copyright, including legislatively mentioned exceptions and limitations, doctrinal principles, and rules external to copyright, with a view to unveiling possible gaps and overlaps, offering a novel classification of defensive rules, and evaluating the adaptability of the law towards technological change. Discussing recent legislative developments, such as the provisions of the Digital Single Market Directive, Court of Justice of the European Union case law, and insights from national laws and cases, the book tells the story of copyright from the perspective of copyright defences, offering positivist and normative insights into law and doctrine and arguing towards a principle-based understanding of the scope of defences that could inform future law and policy making.

Soziale Disziplinierung im flexiblen Kapitalismus

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (136) ◽  
pp. 339-356
Author(s):  
Tobias Wölfle ◽  
Oliver Schöller
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Municipal Level

Under the term “Hilfe zur Arbeit” (aid for work) the federal law of social welfare subsumes all kinds of labour disciplining instruments. First, the paper shows the historical connection of welfare and labour disciplining mechanisms in the context of different periods within capitalist development. In a second step, against the background of historical experiences, we will analyse the trends of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” during the past two decades. It will be shown that by the rise of unemployment, the impact of labour disciplining aspects of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” has increased both on the federal and on the municipal level. For this reason the leverage of the liberal paradigm would take place even in the core of social rights.

An Overview of Rural to Urban Migration in China and Social Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
Ziwei Qi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internal Migrations ◽  
Rural To Urban Migration ◽  
Employment Sectors

The rural to urban migration in China represents one of the greatest internal migrations of people in history as rural populations have moved to cities in response to growing labour demand. One major cause of the increased labour demand was the “Reform and Open Market Policy” initiated at the end of the 1970s. The policy amplified the rural to urban divide by promoting a more thoroughly market-based economy with a corresponding reduction in the importance of agricultural production and a greater emphasis on non-agricultural market sectors. As a result, a series of economic reforms have drastically changed the cultural and social aspects of the rural area over the past three decades. Many social problems have been created due to rural to urban migration. These problems include institutional discrimination because of the restrictive household registration policies; social stigmatisation and discrimination in state-owned employment sectors and among urban residents; psychological distress and feelings of alienation.

Adaptations of Time Travel Narratives in Japanese Multimedia: Nurturing Eudaimonia across Time and Space

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Ae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Travel Narratives ◽  
Time Travel ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Concern For Others ◽  
The Future ◽  
Live Action

To displace a character in time is to depict a character who becomes acutely conscious of his or her status as other, as she or he strives to comprehend and interact with a culture whose mentality is both familiar and different in obvious and subtle ways. Two main types of time travel pose a philosophical distinction between visiting the past with knowledge of the future and trying to inhabit the future with past cultural knowledge, but in either case the unpredictable impact a time traveller may have on another society is always a prominent theme. At the core of Japanese time travel narratives is a contrast between self-interested and eudaimonic life styles as these are reflected by the time traveller's activities. Eudaimonia is a ‘flourishing life’, a life focused on what is valuable for human beings and the grounding of that value in altruistic concern for others. In a study of multimodal narratives belonging to two sets – adaptations of Tsutsui Yasutaka's young adult novella The Girl Who Leapt Through Time and Yamazaki Mari's manga series Thermae Romae – this article examines how time travel narratives in anime and live action film affirm that eudaimonic living is always a core value to be nurtured.

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