SEASONALITY OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE COASTAL AND MOUNTAINOUS TOURIST REGIONS OF POLAND

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Jerzy Rembeza ◽  
Kamila Radlińska
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Seasonal Component ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Input Range ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose. Comparison of the size, distribution and trends of seasonal fluctuations in unemployment in seaside and mountain tourist areas. Efforts were made to determine the differences between groups of regions as a whole, internal differentiation within individual regions and between selected regions. Method. The decomposition of the time series relies on extracting the seasonal component from the input range . To extract the seasonal component, we used the Census X12 ARIMA procedure. The analysis used data on the number of registered unemployed individuals in particular months from 2004 to 2014. Findings. Tourist labour markets in Poland were characterized by relatively high seasonal unemployment. Seasonality level of unemployment was significantly lower in the mountain regions than in the seaside regions. In both regions, seasonality of unemployment increased during the considered period. Seasonal fluctuations in unemployment on seaside and mountain labour markets showed a similar distribution. Research and conclusion limitations. The analysis used data on the number of registered unemployed individuals. The number of registered unemployed individuals does not fully describe the actual number of those unemployed and occurring in the short term changes in the labour market. Practical implications. The findings may be useful from the point of view of shaping instruments affecting the labour market in the tourist regions. They also allow an assessment of the changes that have occurred among labour markets in tourist regions. Originality. The originality of the research is based on comparison of seasonality in tourist regions with different locations and specifics. It allows to assess whether short-term fluctuations in unemployment in seaside and mountain tourist regions have any specificity. Type of paper. Research article.

Assessment of seasonal unemployment fluctuations in the coastal tourist regions of Poland and Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
Maria Klonowska-Matynia ◽  
Kamila Radlińska
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Seasonal Component ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations

The aim of the research is to compare and assess the diversity of seasonal unemployment fluctuations on the coastal labour markets in tourist regions of Poland and Spain. Detailed analyses concerned the level and distribution of monthly seasonal unemployment fluctuations on the coastal and peripheral labour markets. The Census X-12 ARIMA procedure was used to extract the seasonal component. Data on the monthly number of unemployed persons from January 2006 to December 2015 were used in the analysis. For Poland, data were obtained from labour offices in powiats and for Spain from the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social). International comparisons show that higher seasonal fluctuations in unemployment are characteristic of tourist areas in Poland (both coastal and peripheral). Throughout the year the similar distribution of seasonal unemployment fluctuations was observed on the labour markets in both countries.

Measuring the impact of crises in the horticultural sector: the case of Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 1050-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Pérez-Mesa ◽  
María del Mar Serrano-Arcos ◽  
Raquel Sánchez-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Demand Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the literature on image crises in the food industry as well as provide a diachronic analysis to distinguish between the varying types of crises that played a critical role in the horticultural sector in recent decades, focussing on the particular case of Spain as the largest horticultural exporter in Europe. This research also analyses the economic impact of these crises upon demand.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical analysis has been conducted using inverse demand models to determine the prospective impact on demand of the image crises in the main European destination markets.FindingsThe empirical analysis reveals an immediate impact upon demand (imports) in the short term. Sector crises invariably have one or many “explosion” points when they reach the public sphere. These events reduce demand among European consumers, ultimately leading to a decrease in imported goods. The tested models revealed considerably significant losses that subsequently reduce annual exports by more than 3 per cent. The analysis also reveals strong effects of complementarity and substitution among the various products that comprise the horticultural supply.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has not taken into account several movements that have also affected the horticultural sector, such as “anti-consumption” and boycotts. Empirical results reveal a strong impact of image crises on demand (imports) in the short term. Consequently, there is an evident need to undertake actions, managed from the supply origin, that reach the consumer and effectively re-establish the prestige of the Spanish production system.Practical implicationsThis paper highlights the importance of the mass media in consumer attitudes and perceptions, and the need to create channels of direct communication to break the information asymmetry between production and consumption areas.Originality/valueThis paper sheds new light on the literature of image crises. The findings of this research have contributed to greater knowledge of how image crises influence demand. From the point of view of management, these results can have practical implications for the highly competitive sector of horticultural production.

scholarly journals Vocational Training, Labor Market and Immigration Policy in Russia

Economica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Igor Molchanov
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Business Sectors

In point of view of labour market the immigration has become the major factor in recent times. The main tasks of immigration policy: compensation of labour shortages in relation with demographic and aging population problems; to satisfy the long-term demand for labour in some business sectors; to ensure the labor supply of innovation-qualified investment processes; organizing of preparation of experts from requested profession; to limit the short-term unskilledlabor immigration; creating the necessary conditions and broaden the opportunities for immigration for business use.

‘Jobs, jobs, jobs’, ambivalence of concerted change for employment in Europe

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-568
Author(s):  
Evelyne Leonard ◽  
Pierre Reman
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Member States ◽  
Market Change ◽  
Labour Market Change

Unions’ and employers’ organisations are broadly considered as significant actors in the regulation of labour markets in Europe. And since its formal launch in 1997, the European Employment Strategy has insisted on their active participation in the implementation of the guidelines within Member States. From an industrial relations point of view, such participation seems natural, and even desirable. However, bipartite and tripartite processes for employment and the nature of current labour market change are not without challenges for unions and employers’ associations. Adopting a slightly provocative position, this article questions the ambivalences of concertation in the search for full employment.

The State of Training: Learning, Institutional Innovation, and Local Boards for Training and Adjustment in Ontario, Canada

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1871-1891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tod D Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
Free Rider ◽  
Institutional Innovation ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Market Governance ◽  
Learning Region

This paper critiques the learning-region literature on two related points. The first is that the learning-region analysis of labour markets is theoretically underdeveloped, because it underestimates the difficulty of overcoming systematic skill mismatches, underinvestment, and free-rider practices which characterize unregulated labour markets. Second and relatedly, because it does not link the problematic nature of labour-market governance to the conflicts and contradictions of state policy, the learning-region literature effectively ‘depoliticizes’ policymaking. The paper draws on a case study of the development of local boards for training and adjustment in Ontario, Canada, and develops an alternative framework utilizing a critical governance perspective which stresses how knowledge and learning must be seen as part of state accumulation and hegemonic strategies. Such strategies are contingent on the representation of stakeholders, in particular business, and current attempts to develop decentralized associational networks are often part of what Jessop terms metagovernance. In the case of Canada, decentralization from the federal to provincial scales is viewed as crisis and cost driven and in many ways antithetical to stakeholder governance. Thus in Ontario, the development of a stakeholder-based form of labour-market governance has been marginalized by shifts in state-accumulation strategies and the inability and disinterest of business in representing itself in such stakeholder institutions. Furthermore, the local boards' generation of knowledge based on inclusionary networks and information is at odds with a state and business emphasis on knowledge derived from exclusive networks and geared to short-term profit maximization.

New forms of intra-European migration, labour market dynamics and social inequality in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Verwiebe ◽  
Laura Wiesböck ◽  
Roland Teitzer
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Market Dynamics ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
European Continent ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Migration

This article deals mainly with new forms of Intra-European migration, processes of integration and inequality, and the dynamics of emerging transnational labour markets in Europe. We discuss these issues against the background of fundamental changes which have been taking place on the European continent over the past two decades. Drawing on available comparative European data, we examine, in a first step, whether the changes in intra-European migration patterns have been accompanied by a differentiation of the causes of migration. In a second step, we discuss the extent to which new forms of transnational labour markets have been emerging within Europe and their effects on systems of social stratification.

The Role of Migration in the Formation of Regional Labour Markets Amidst the Second Wave of Depopulation in Modern Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
A. V. Topilin ◽  
A. S. Maksimova
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Sample Surveys ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Permanent Migration ◽  
Regional Labour Markets ◽  
The Impact

The article reflects the results of a study of the impact of migration on regional labour markets amidst a decline in the working-age population in Russia. After substantiating the relevance of the issues under consideration, the authors propose a methodological analysis toolkit, the author’s own methodology for calculating the coefficients of permanent long-term external and internal labour migration in regional labour markets, and the coefficient of total migration burden. In addition, the authors provide an overview of the information and statistical base of the study. According to current migration records, data of Rosstat sample surveys on Russian labour migrants leaving for employment in other regions, regional labour resources balance sheets based on the calculated coefficients of labour market pressures, the authors analyzed the impact of migration on the Russian regional labour markets over the past decade. It revealed an increasing role of internal labour migration in many regions, primarily in the largest economic agglomerations and oil and gas territories. At the same time, the role of external labour migration remains stable and minimum indicators of the contribution of permanent migration to the formation of regional labour markets continue to decrease. It has been established that irrational counter flows of external and internal labour migration have developed, which indicates not only an imbalance in labour demand and supply but also a discrepancy between the qualitative composition of migrants and the needs of the economy. It is concluded that the state does not effectively regulate certain types of migration, considering its impact on the labour market. The authors justified the need for conducting regular household sample surveys according to specific programs to collect information about labour migrants and the conditions for using their labour. In addition to the current migration records, using interregional analysis, this information allows making more informed decisions at the federal and regional levels to correct the negative situation that has developed in the regional labour markets even before the coronavirus pandemic had struck.

Labour market disadvantage or poor health upon arrival? An examination of the native–immigrant gap in early retirement on a disability pension

2021 ◽  
pp. 000169932110228
Author(s):  
Jeevitha Yogachandiran Qvist ◽  
Hans-Peter Y Qvist
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Register Data ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Health Differences ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity ◽  
Advanced Capitalist

Non-Western immigrants in Scandinavia have a higher risk of early retirement on a disability pension than natives, but the reasons are unclear. One theory is that increased demands for standardization, efficiency and productivity in advanced capitalist labour markets, such as the Scandinavian market, cause expulsion of the weakest and least qualified individuals from the labour market, including a disproportionate share of non-Western immigrants. Another theory is that non-Western immigrants already have poorer health than natives upon arrival in Scandinavia. This article examines the extent to which the native–immigrant gap in early retirement on a disability pension is explained by non-Western immigrants’ disadvantaged position in the labour market when pre-existing health differences are controlled for. To this end, we draw on Danish register data, including all disability pensions granted in 2003–2012 to natives and non-Western immigrants who arrived in Denmark in 1998. Our results suggest that a minor proportion of the native–immigrant gap in disability pensions is explained by non-Western immigrants’ health upon arrival, whereas the vast majority of the gap is explained by non-Western immigrants’ disadvantaged position in the labour market.

scholarly journals Permanent or temporary settlement? A study on the short-term effects of residence status on refugees’ labour market participation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Jutvik ◽  
Darrel Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Residency Status ◽  
Permanent Residency ◽  
Temporary Settlement ◽  
Short Term Effects

Abstract Whether refugees in need of protection should be granted long- or short-term residence permits in the host country upon arrival is a long-standing debate in the migration policy and scholarly literature. Rights-based models of inclusion advocate for secure and long-term residency status arguing that this will provide the foundations for successful inclusion. Responsibilities-based models on the other hand claim that migrants should only be granted such status if certain criteria, such as full-time employment, have been met, again under the belief that such a system will facilitate inclusion into the host society. Using a sudden policy change as a natural experiment combined with detailed Swedish registry data, we examine the effect permanent residency on three measures of labour market inclusion in the short-term. Our findings are twofold. On the one hand, we find that temporary residents that are subject to a relatively less-inclusive situation have higher incomes and less unemployment. However, at the same time, they are less likely to spend time in education than are those with permanent residency. First part title Permanent or Temporary Settlement? Second part title A Study on the Short-Term Effects of Temporary and Permanent Residence Permits on Labour Market Participation

Comparison of the reluctance laminated and solid rotor synchronous machine operating at high temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1111-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Lefik ◽  
Krzysztof Komeza ◽  
Ewa Napieralska-Juszczak ◽  
Daniel Roger ◽  
Piotr Andrzej Napieralski
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Synchronous Machine ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thermal Phenomenon ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a comparison between reluctance synchronous machine-enabling work at high internal temperature (HT° machine) with laminated and solid rotor. Design/methodology/approach To obtain heat sources for the thermal model, calculations of the electromagnetic field were made using the Opera 3D program including effect of rotation and the resulting eddy current losses. To analyse the thermal phenomenon, the 3D coupled thermal-fluid (CFD) model is used. Findings The presented results show clearly that laminated construction is much better from a point of view of efficiency and temperature. However, solid construction can be interesting for high speed machines due to their mechanical robustness. Research limitations/implications The main problem, despite the use of parallel calculations, is the long calculation time. Practical implications The obtained simulation and experimental results show the possibility of building a machine operating at a much higher ambient temperature than it was previously produced for example in the vicinity of the aircraft turbines. Originality/value The paper presents the application of fully three-dimensional coupled electromagnetic and thermal analysis of new machine constructions designed for elevated temperature.

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