Trade at the Polish-Ukrainian borderland—selected economic aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Wosiek ◽  
Ryszard Kata
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study is to characterize and assess the influence of selected economic factors on the value of purchases made by Ukrainian citizens in Poland at the border (so-called unregistered turnover on customs declarations). The ex-change rate andlabour migration as well as the impact of political disorders that occurred at the end of 2013 in Ukraine were analysed in detail. The analysis covered the period 2009—2017. Data were derived from the questionnaires of the Statistical Office in Rzeszów, Local Data Bank of Statistics Poland, State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy. The analysis of correlation and regression were used as the basic research tools. The results of the study show that political events affected cross-border trade indirectly through, inter alia, the exchange rate, which limited the expenses made by Ukrainian citizens in Poland. However, this impact was not strong enough to reverse the upward trend in cross-border shopping. The analyses did not provide statistically significant indications of a cause-and-effect relationship between labour migration flows of Ukrainian citizens to Poland and cross-border trade.

scholarly journals The Impact of Small Enterprise Activity on the Regional Development. The Case of the Podkarpackie Voivodeship

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (47) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Łukasz Grzęda ◽  
Sylwester Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Data Bank ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Enterprise Activity

The goal of the study is to examine the impact of small enterprise activity on the regional economic growth on the example of counties in the Podkarpackie voivodeship. The research has shown that both, the increase in the number of already operating and the number of newly registered small enterprises positively contribute to the economic development of the county measured by the total value of sales and the per capita value sales of production manufactured in a given county, as well as the number of employees employed there. The research also indicates that the volume of production of enterprises located in a given county is positively affected by the increase in realized investment outlays as well as the upward trend in GDP of a given voivodeship. The research is based on the data from the CSO Local Data Bank for the years 2005-2016. Estimation of the models was carried out using panel regression.

scholarly journals Globalization and Economic Development: A Study of Nagaland

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-211
Author(s):  
Komol Singha
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Informal Trade ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

With the emergence of globalization, economic integration among nations has become a necessity. Cross border trade is the most important medium of the current wave of globalization. In this process, knowingly or unknowingly the North East economy has emerged in to a new dimension of cross border trade (informal trade) with neighboring nations and that increases Social Welfare of the poor masses of the region. But the formal arrangements, like ‘Look East Policy’ stumbles the social welfare of the region. Border trade is the first and foremost important component of globalization and informal trade is multiple times more than the formal trade in this region. By this process, sustainable development is generated and it is visible now in this region. With the help of primary and secondary data, this paper tries to analyze the impact of globalization or cross border trade in the North East India (NEI). How far this globalization through cross border trade increases social welfare or generates sustainable economic development of the region is the core issue of this paper. For this purpose, the author has selected Nagaland as an area of study. Of late, the Government has initiated several pro-active measures to strengthen its economic growth further. In this direction, India’s Look East Policy is worth mentioning. Under this policy, India seeks economic cooperation with ASEAN and other neighbouring countries through the gateway of the North-Eastern Region. Despite initiatives of economic development, still the process is not heading towards the right direction. There are some institutional lacunae in this process. This paper is the modest attempt to highlight these lacunae and tries to recommend some feasible suggestions to overcome in this direction.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT ON THE LABOR MARKET CONDITION. THE CASE OF THE DOLNOŚLĄSKIE AND LUBUSKIE VOIVODSHIPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (50) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Łukasz Grzęda ◽  
Sylwester Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Market Condition ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Technological Capacity ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the article is to assess the impact of the development of technological capacity on the labour market in Poland, in voivodships with significantly different GDP levels: the Dolnośląskie and nearly four times smaller the Lubuskie. Data for the years 2002-2017 were obtained from the CSO Local Data Bank. The research used linear regression analysis and the OLS estimation method. The results have shown that the expenditure on R&D are not a positive factor of employment growth in both voivodships, which may be due to their low values in relation to GDP (on average around 0.5%). The number of students and universities had a positive impact on the labour market in both regions. The catch-up effect and accelerated development recorded in the second part of the examined period in the Lubuskie could have had an impact on better absorption of university graduates and registered patents by businesses and their positive impact on employment levels, in contrast to the Dolnośląskie. Improvement in the economic situation in both voivodships and in the whole country also had a positive impact on the improvement of conditions on the labour market.

scholarly journals INSTITUTION EFFICIENCY VERSUS THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS (A STUDY AT THE LEVEL OF POLAND’S REGIONAL DIVISION)

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Magdalena Wojarska ◽  
Karolina Babuchowska ◽  
Wiesława Lizińska ◽  
Renata Marks-Bielska
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Basic Task ◽  
The Impact

As the socio-economic reality is growing increasingly complex, the role of local governments in the management of events and processes occurring in local communities gains importance. Considering the fact that the basic task of local authorities is to stimulate the growth and development of a given local entity, an analysis was undertaken to the aim of assessing the relationship between the level of local development and the institutional efficiency of local self-governments and vice versa, in a regional approach (NUTS 2). To achieve this aim, mixed data were analysed, that is raw data (acquired via survey from 1,220 municipalities) and secondary data (from the database of the Local Data Bank). The efficiency of local governments was measured with an aggregate factor EFF, while the level of development was assessed with the DEV measure. The results indicate that the local governments did rather poorly in terms of both efficiency and development. In both cases, the mean value of the applied synthetic measures reached no more than 30% of the maximum attainable score. The basic tools in the research were correlation and regression analysis. Both procedures demonstrated the presence of a relationship between the two analysed categories (r = 0.365). Moreover, the analysis of regression showed that the impact of developmental processes on the improvement of efficiency of local governments was stronger that the influence of improved efficiency on developmental processes occurring in the analysed municipalities.

scholarly journals Financial Diversity and the Development Process: Case study of Rural Communes of Eastern Poland in 2009–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6446
Author(s):  
Paweł Dziekański ◽  
Piotr Prus
Keyword(s):  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Real Space ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Local Data ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
The Impact

In the modern state, the role and importance of communes is growing. They can carry out their tasks when equipped with stable and efficient sources of income. Financial resources are the basis for the operation and implementation of current and development tasks. Their analysis makes it possible to assess the budget structure and provides information on the state of the local economy or endogenous growth potentials. The aim of the article is to assess the diversity of the financial situation of rural communes using a synthetic measure. In addition, using the econometric models, the impact of socio-economic factors on the diversity of the measure of synthetic financial situation was examined. In order to build synthetic measures, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method and based on distance in real space with Euclidean metrics were used. The aggregated value of the synthetic variable facilitates the comparison of objects in multidimensional spaces, but also makes it possible to order them due to the examined phenomenon. Empirical data were collected in spatial terms of 484 rural communes in the Eastern Poland region. In the case of municipalities, the choice of variables was largely determined by the availability of secondary data collected in a municipal system at the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office for 2009–2018. The analysis showed that the rural communes of eastern Poland are characterized by significant disproportions in terms of financial standing. Rural communes with the best financial condition were characterized by a higher share of own revenues in total revenues, a higher level of income from local taxes and obtained from the share in the tax on natural and legal persons. It seems that the main reason for the relatively small impact of financial conditions on economic and social development is their strong dependence on transfer revenues transferred from the state budget and the amount of current expenditure. The above circumstances stiffen and stabilize the financial economy, making it relatively less susceptible to the influence of other factors. The obtained results may constitute for the local authorities an important source of information on the disproportions occurring between units on setting out potential directions for optimizing the structure of local finances.

Transformation of domestic trade in Russia in the context of digitalization of the economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.P. Cheglov ◽  
A.N. Stolyarova
Keyword(s):  
Medium Term ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Trading Systems ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Online Sales ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Geographically Distributed ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the development of the consumer market and domestic trade in Russia in the conditions of permanent crisis and digitalization of the economy. The current trends in the transformation of domestic trade are analyzed, and the place of online sales technologies in the medium term is shown. Institutional models of building trade organizations in the online sphere and the impact of cross-border trade are studied. The development of online structures in the medium term is predicted, as well as the impact of cross-border trade. The article substantiates the acceleration of integration processes in the field of online trade, the merging of offline and online infrastructure, the disappearance of small trading businesses as a market entity, its integration into geographically distributed omnichannel trading systems, the development of which will mean de facto monopolization of the market.

Concerns and Prospects of Yuan’s Internationalization

2014 ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
M. Zharikov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
International Reserve ◽  
Reserve Currency ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Financial Transactions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chinese Yuan

The purpose of this article is to analyze Chinese Yuan and major international reserve currencies on the basis of particular criteria such as a currency’s use in settling cross-border trade and financial transactions. The author estimates the potential of Yuan’s convertibility and its achieving the status of an international reserve currency. The author lays out a background to assess the impact of these probabilities on stable and sustainable economic development in China itself. The conclusion is that the character of Yuan’s internationalization is strikingly different from similar examples of other currencies’ historic paths to an international reserve currency status in that it is closely controlled by the government.

CROSS-BORDER TRADE AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION OF THE SAMARA REGION AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF THE TERRITORIAL CAPITAL OF THE REGION: ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT ON THE REGIONAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Марина Викторовна Курникова ◽  
Светлана Сергеевна Асанова
Keyword(s):  
Regional Economy ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Region Analysis ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

Основной целью статьи является выявление современных перспективных направлений приграничного торгово-экономического сотрудничества Самарской области. Для этого определен комплекс показателей и проведен анализ влияния приграничного сотрудничества на экономику региона. Выявлены основные направления, стимулирующие совокупность локализованных активов, составляющих территориальный капитал. The main purpose of the article is to identify modern promising areas of cross-border trade and economic cooperation of the Samara region. For this purpose, a set of indicators was determined and an analysis of the impact of cross-border cooperation on the region's economy was carried out. The main directions that stimulate the set of localized assets that make up the territorial capital are identified.

scholarly journals Diversification of Municipalities Located in the Impact Area of National Parks in Terms of Environmental Requirements of Sustainable Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Pawłat-Zawrzykraj ◽  
Konrad Podawca
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of the paper was to show the diversification of Polish municipalities that have national parks within their boundaries in terms of implementing sustainable tourism priorities. The study focused on ecological and environmental aspects, primarily related to the shaping and maintenance of green areas, as well as waste and wastewater management. The assessment was based on statistical data taken from the Local Data Bank for the years 2012–2018. The authors determined their own set of indicators, describing green areas management, the environmental risk associated with waste and wastewater generation, and the reshaping of the forest and agricultural landscape. The obtained results were compared with the spatial diversification of the surveyed administrative units in terms of tourist attractiveness carried out by us in 2018. The study made it possible to indicate, among others, municipalities that are prime tourist destinations and have highly developed tourist facilities, but do not keep up with sustainable tourism activities. There are also units that carry out activities in the field of forest and agricultural land protection, invest in public green areas, properly manage sewage and wastewater, and, at the same time, are not attractive for tourists.

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