scholarly journals INVESTMENTS IN WATER MANAGEMENT IN RURAL AREAS

2020 ◽  
Vol XXII (3) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Hanna Adamska ◽  
Irena Kropsz-Wydra
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Synthetic Indicator ◽  
Synthetic Index ◽  
Supply Systems

The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation of environmental investments in rural areas and prepare a ranking of voivodships. Detailed studies covered Polish rural areas according to voivodship division and were focused on environmental investments related to water management: the sewage network, water supply systems, collective and individual sewage treatment plants, water treatment plants and flood embankments. The research period covered the years 2010-2019. The research uses indicators characterizing investments in water management. The method of zero unitarization was used, which allowed to compare the values of the adopted indicators and establish a synthetic indicator determining a ranking of voivodships according to the implementation of environmental investments. Research shows that more than half of all expenditure are investments related to the sewage and water supply network. The exceptions are the Łódzkie and Podkarpackie voivodships, where greater expenditure is incurred on collective treatment plants than on the water supply network. The values of the synthetic index make it possible to determine the regions where the most and least environmental investments were implemented. The highest values of the synthetic index are found in the Mazowieckie, Wielkopolskie and Małopolskie voivodships. The lowest values of the indicator are recorded for the Opolskie, Podlaskie, Świętokrzyskie and Śląskie voivodships, where the least environmental investments were implemented.

scholarly journals Seasonality of water supply network failure in the aspect of water supply safety

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Piegdoń ◽  
Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Network Failure ◽  
Water Supply Company ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Operational Data

Many phenomena are characterized by unevenness and variability in time, so-called periodic fluctuations, of which seasonal variations are a special case. In water supply systems, the failures of water pipes are also characterized by unevenness during the year. Seasonality is especially evident when the failures are analysed at particular times of the year. The main purpose of this paper is to present the problems of failures in water supply network caused by seasonal changes, to determine seasonal indicators and to give an example of the system failure analysis for the selected city of south-eastern Poland. The analysis was based on actual operational data obtained from water supply company.

Diversification of Water Network Tanks Volume

2015 ◽  
Vol 811 ◽  
pp. 395-401
Author(s):  
Janusz Rak ◽  
Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Crisis Situations

Diversification of the water volume has a particularly positive role in crisis situations related to water supply in urban and industrial areas. The function of water supply tanks is to compensate water supply for a settlement unit in a daily cycle, stabilizing the pressure in the supply area. In crisis situations, tanks capacity is used for the purposes of fire. A new function is the use of stored water as an emergency source of water supply during failure. Water supply network tanks act as reserves for various types of undesirable events. The previous methods of analysis and risk assessment in water supply systems did not include directly the assessment of volume diversification in a given number of water supply network tanks. For this purpose the Shannon-Wiener index, as well as the author’s index, based on the polynomial function, were proposed. These indices enable to perform an objective assessment of the water volume diversification degree ​​​and comparing the various subsystems of collecting water on the example of seven water supply system in the south of Poland. Perspectives for the development of research direction, that is safety management, is a challenge for both theoreticians and practitioners working in the water supply companies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Current Issues in Water Supply Systems and Implications for Sustainable Urban Water Management in Limbe, South West Region of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-74
Author(s):  
Baba Adamu ◽  
Ndi Humphrey N. ◽  
Balgah Sounders N.
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Management ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Sustainable Urban Water Management ◽  
Supply Systems

Water supply system has played a significant role in the growth, development and wellbeing of cities. Until now, meeting the need of city residents in terms of availability, reliability, and access to a good quality water supply is a major challenge facing many denizens of the 21st Century due to unprecedented urban growth and urbanization rates. This study is out to examine the current issues and challenges to water supply systems in Limbe. The study adopted the mix method approach which involves triangulation of quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. Primary data were obtained from field observations, interviews and the administration of 383 questionnaires to households and stakeholders. Secondary data were obtained from relevant official documents, published and unpublished sources relevant to water supply systems. Satellite imageries and ArcGIS were used to describe the pattern of growth in built-up areas between 1986 and 2019. Data from the questionnaire were entered using Epi Data Version 3.1, analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science Standard version 21.0 and Microsoft Excel and presented in the form of tables, figures, plates and maps. Findings revealed that, although the water supply accessibility by utilities has improved significantly, the reliability, distribution, flow frequency, supply, price and quality are still low. The inaccessibility and unreliability in the water supply have turned most households to alternative sources with poor quality. Unsustain urbanization and urban growth are occurring through infills in city remaining open spaces and ‘out spill’ and expansion at the outskirt without a concurrent increase, upgrading or extension of water supply infrastructural systems resulting to congestion, conflict over allocation, long-distance trekking to source water, deterioration of basic social services, pollution, inaccessibility amongst to ensure efficient water supply systems and sustainable urban water management. The paper, therefore, calls for the rehabilitation and renovation of dilapidated water supply structures, extension and upgrading basic services, limit urbanization and urban growth, encourage the construction and use of alternative water sources, community participation amongst others for sustainable urban water supply management.

scholarly journals Methodical basis of the needs of water supply in rural areas in normal and special conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00022
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Sikorski ◽  
Hanna Bauman-Kaszubska
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Public Utilities ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Methodical Basis ◽  
Supply Systems

When calculating the balance of water supply, the purpose for which water is intended should be taken into account. Depending on them, the water quality parameters may vary. Rural and agricultural water demand covers the basic types of water demand, including the population's living and economic needs, animal husbandry, the needs of public utilities, the needs related to the operation of vehicles and machinery, workshops, machines and other purposes, including the own needs of the water pipes, fire-fighting etc. The level of demand is also closely related to the factors influencing the level of individual water consumption. Taking into account the deficiencies in formal and legal regulations, the binding regulations concerning the operation of water supply systems in special conditions have been presented so far. Elements of the benchmarking study on unit water demand indicators in normal and special conditions in rural areas have also been taken into account, guided by the principles and numerical indicators for the calculation of water demand for drinking and business purposes.

Safety Analysis in Water Supply Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak ◽  
Krzysztof Boryczko
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Safety Analysis ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Health Safety ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

AbstractIn the aspect of water management, the Water Directive regulates water management with the principle of sustainable development, in shaping, protecting, using and managing water resources. Analysis and assessment of the CWSS safety is a complex issue, including the analysis of potential threats, their effects and safety systems (barriers). The analysis is performed in terms of the water consumers health safety, threats of lack or deficit in water supply and threats to the environment. This process should include the analysis of the existing condition, possible potential threats and safety and repair procedures.

scholarly journals An Accurate Leakage Localization Method for Water Supply Network Based on Deep Learning Network

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Li ◽  
Wenjun Zheng ◽  
Changgang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Pipe Network ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Specific Location ◽  
Pipe Section ◽  
Leak Location ◽  
Deep Learning Network

Abstract In the water supply network, leakage of pipes will cause water loss and increase the risk of environmental pollution. For water supply systems, identifying the leak point can improve the efficiency of pipeline leak repair. Most existing leak location methods can only locate the leak point approximately to the node or pipe section of the pipe network, but cannot locate the specific location of the pipe section. This paper presents a framework for accurate location of water supply network leakage based on ResNet. The framework is to pinpoint leaks to specific locations along the pipeline. The leakage of two kinds of pipe networks is simulated. For a pipe network containing 40 pipes, the positioning accuracy of the pipe section is 0.94, and the MSE of the specific location of the leakage point is 0.000435. For the pipe network containing 117 pipes, the positioning accuracy of the pipe section is 0.91, and the MSE of the specific location of the leakage point is 0.0009177, and the leak location ability under different sensor arrangements is analyzed. Experiments verify the robustness and applicability of the framework.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Negative Daily Temperatures Influence on the Failure Rate of the Water Supply Network

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Jakub Żywiec ◽  
Krzysztof Boryczko ◽  
Dariusz Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
The Impact

As a part of the critical infrastructure, water supply systems must be characterized by an appropriate level of operational reliability and safety. One of the threats to this is the failure of the water supply network, influenced by many factors, among which we can distinguish internal factors related to the process of designing, construction and system operation, and external factors related to the impact of the environment. The paper presents the influence of negative daily temperature on the failure rate of the water supply network, taking into account the material of the pipes, their diameters, and the cause of failure. The research was carried out on operational data from the period 2004–2018 from the water supply network in a city located in south-eastern Poland. The relationship between the daily temperature and the failure rate of the water supply system has been shown. As the temperature values drop, the failure rate values increase. The biggest influence of the negative daily temperature on the water supply network failure rate is observed for cast iron pipes. PE and PVC pipes are more resistant to the influence of negative temperatures. The most common cause of failure is corrosion and unsealing of the pipes. Pipes with the diameters of 100, 150, 300, 350, and 400 mm in distribution and main networks turned out to fail most often. These results can be used by water supply companies to limit the influence of factors related to negative daily temperatures on the failure rate of the water supply network.

scholarly journals Improvement of the Water-Energy Nexus and the Environmental Performance of Water Supply Systems using Smart ICT Solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-689
Author(s):  
Jorge Helmbrecht ◽  
Matthias Maier ◽  
Esteban Morillo ◽  
Dirk Kühlers ◽  
Karl Roth
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
North West ◽  
Intelligent Software ◽  
Water Energy Nexus

In the last years, there has been a great interest in the complex interactions between energy and water, known as the Water-Energy Nexus.1 Free and unrestricted availability and access to energy and water enables the growth of an economy and supports the quality of life. The Water-Energy Nexus is considered as one of the most important multidisciplinary challenges2 that the water market globally growing has to face in the forthcoming years. Currently, many water systems are not managed in terms of long term sustainability. Water Utilities (WU) are faced to further challenges, such as aging of their infrastructure and poor cost-recovery, leading to a lack of finance for operation and maintenance (O&M). Energy is required in all stages of water production and distribution, from abstraction over treatment to transportation. Energy costs are a top-of-mind concern for WU, regardless of the geography, size and level of water network efficiency.3 On the other hand, in developing countries WU are having a hard time to either improve their services or expand their network to unserved neighbourhoods. Regarding all this facts, and considering an economic and competitive scenario which forces to respond to pressures from various fields (market, technology, society...), lead to the need to implement new methods and processes that can meet these growing demands and to try to manage responses and actions in real time. Intelligent software solutions can be applied to networks, whether they have either smart metering and large amounts of data or less recorded data. They enhance the operators’ knowledge of this data, turn it into useful information for decision-making related to the operation, maintenance and the design of the water supply network. In this paper, an application of an intelligent software solution is presented. WatEner, a smart Information and Communication Technology (ICT) solution that combines the key factors of energy consumption with further operational requirements of drinking water supply to improve the management of water supply networks, has been tested with good results by the WU of the city of Karlsruhe, a water rich area in North-West - Europe where the main objective was to save energy in the drinking water distribution. As a conclusion, a non-structural solution for the water-energy nexus can have a great impact on several matters (e.g. climate change, carbon footprint, WUs balance sheets, water losses) with reasonable investment in only a few sensors in the water supply network.

scholarly journals Water Supply Status in Rural Areas of the Mekong Delta and Development Measures

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi ◽  
Phan Dao ◽  
Miroslav Kyncl
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract Rural people in the Mekong Delta (MD) use surface water from rivers and canals for daily activities; and in areas far from the canals, people use rainwater for cooking and drinking. In certain areas, people use shallow layered groundwater and deep layered groundwater from drilled wells 80m – 100m deep. The quality of water used in daily activities of rural people is almost uncontrolled. Somewhere water supply systems are used, but they have been built over many periods, certain ones for over 50 years ago, thus having a lot of damage and many deposits, causing loss of pressure and huge loss of water. The issue of repairing, replacing and installing more water supply networks in urban areas is facing lots of financial, technical difficulties.

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