Selection of Police in Europe: Comparing the Hungarian and Polish Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Gergely Mogyoródi
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Liaison Officer ◽  
Recruitment Challenges ◽  
Entry Requirements ◽  
Apply Physical ◽  
New Recruits ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of

Over the past few years, due to the growing needs of personnel, the Hungarian police has faced recruitment challenges. Although there is a high demand for new recruits, the standards of the entry requirements are relatively strict and difficult to meet. The question is whether the requirements are still serving the needs of the organisation. The objective of this study was to learn a different practice by comparing the Hungarian and Polish selection methods to assist in improving and to find applicable methods for the selection procedure of the Hungarian police.There are many similarities between the two countries, and following from this, it was assumed that the selection of police is also similar, and therefore the attributes could be compared. To analyse the topic, for contextual purposes, as they determine the mentioned characteristics, both the organisational and the educational attributes were studied as well. Researching the topic, the relevant literature was analysed. Data that could not be collected from the literature was collected by a questionnaire sent to Cepol and to a liaison officer, and an interview was also performed with a Polish police officer who volunteered for the study. The research indicates that both forces apply physical, medical and psychological requirements in the same regard, but with territorial and policing-cultural specifics. It was found that Poland and Hungary struggle with the number of fit applicants, but neither country uses modern selection methods that could have a positive effect on selecting the new recruits.

Identifying Measurement Invariant Item Sets in Cross-Cultural Settings Using an Automated Item Selection Procedure

Methodology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schultze ◽  
Michael Eid
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Item Selection ◽  
Ant System ◽  
Item Quality ◽  
Ant System Algorithm ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. In the construction of scales intended for the use in cross-cultural studies, the selection of items needs to be guided not only by traditional criteria of item quality, but has to take information about the measurement invariance of the scale into account. We present an approach to automated item selection which depicts the process as a combinatorial optimization problem and aims at finding a scale which fulfils predefined target criteria – such as measurement invariance across cultures. The search for an optimal solution is performed using an adaptation of the [Formula: see text] Ant System algorithm. The approach is illustrated using an application to item selection for a personality scale assuming measurement invariance across multiple countries.

Combination of ribosome and phage display for fast selection of high affinity VHH antibody fragments

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
YuE Kravchenko ◽  
SV Ivanov ◽  
DS Kravchenko ◽  
EI Frolova ◽  
SP Chumakov
Keyword(s):  
Phage Display ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Free System ◽  
Phage Displays ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Binding Domains ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Vhh Antibodies ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of antibodies using phage display involves the preliminary cloning of the repertoire of sequences encoding antigen-binding domains into phagemid, which is considered the bottleneck of the method, limiting the resulting diversity of libraries and leading to the loss of poorly represented variants before the start of the selection procedure. Selection in cell-free conditions using a ribosomal display is devoid from this drawback, however is highly sensitive to PCR artifacts and the RNase contamination. The aim of the study was to test the efficiency of a combination of both methods, including pre-selection in a cell-free system to enrich the source library, followed by cloning and final selection using phage display. This approach may eliminate the shortcomings of each method and increase the efficiency of selection. For selection, alpaca VHH antibody sequences suitable for building an immune library were used due to the lack of VL domains. Analysis of immune libraries from the genes of the VH3, VHH3 and VH4 families showed that the VHH antibodies share in the VH3 and VH4 gene groups is insignificant, and selection from the combined library is less effective than from the VHH3 family of sequences. We found that the combination of ribosomal and phage displays leads to a higher enrichment of high-affinity fragments and avoids the loss of the original diversity during cloning. The combined method allowed us to obtain a greater number of different high-affinity sequences, and all the tested VHH fragments were able to specifically recognize the target, including the total protein extracts of cell cultures.

scholarly journals Gradient boosting for linear mixed models

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Griesbach ◽  
Benjamin Säfken ◽  
Elisabeth Waldmann
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Classification Theory ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Random Structure ◽  
Boosting Algorithm ◽  
The One ◽  
Biased Estimates ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Gradient boosting from the field of statistical learning is widely known as a powerful framework for estimation and selection of predictor effects in various regression models by adapting concepts from classification theory. Current boosting approaches also offer methods accounting for random effects and thus enable prediction of mixed models for longitudinal and clustered data. However, these approaches include several flaws resulting in unbalanced effect selection with falsely induced shrinkage and a low convergence rate on the one hand and biased estimates of the random effects on the other hand. We therefore propose a new boosting algorithm which explicitly accounts for the random structure by excluding it from the selection procedure, properly correcting the random effects estimates and in addition providing likelihood-based estimation of the random effects variance structure. The new algorithm offers an organic and unbiased fitting approach, which is shown via simulations and data examples.

About Determing the Microhardness of Composite Coatings

2021 ◽  
Vol 1037 ◽  
pp. 486-493
Author(s):  
Sergey Y. Zhachkin ◽  
Anatoly I. Zavrazhnov ◽  
Nikita A. Penkov ◽  
George V. Kudryavtsev ◽  
Paul V. Tsisarenko
Keyword(s):  
Composite Coating ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
Cylinder Liners ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Applied Coating ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of

One of the fundamental tasks in restoring the operability of cylinder liners is the application of a composite coating with a predetermined microhardness value. The authors have developed a technology for applying composite coatings based on iron on cylindrical surfaces, which makes it possible to vary the physical, mechanical and operational parameters of the formed iron-containing coating due to the planned selection of the deposition parameters. This eliminates the need for mechanical treatment of the applied coating, which is the reason for the high degree of rejection parts that undergo the iron-on operation. Contact interaction of the working tool with the formed layer of the composite coating has a positive effect on the value of its roughness.

Selection methods of lean management tools: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Jaber Naeemah ◽  
Kuan Yew Wong
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Lean Management ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Tool Selection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Complaints ◽  
Lean Tools ◽  
Selection Of

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is (1) to review, analyze and assess the existing literature on lean tools selection studies published from 2005 to 2021; (2) to identify the limitations faced by previous studies; and (3) to suggest future works that are necessary to facilitate the selection of lean tools.Design/methodology/approachA systematic approach was used in order to identify, collect and select the articles. Several keywords related to the selection of lean tools were used to collect articles from different Scopus indexed journals. Next, the study systematically reviewed and analyzed the selected papers to identify the lean tools' selection method and discussed its features and limitations.FindingsAn analysis of the results showed that previous studies have adopted two types of methods for selecting lean tools. First, there are various traditional methods being used. Second, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods were commonly used in previous studies, such as the multi-objective decision-making method (MODM), single multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) methods and hybrid (MCDM). Moreover, the study revealed that the lean tools' selection methods in previous studies were based on evaluating the relationship between either lean tools and performance metrics or lean tools and waste, or both.Research limitations/implicationsIn terms of its theoretical value, the study is considered as an extension of the previous researches performed on this topic by determining and analyzing the features of the most selection methods of lean tools. Unlike previous review papers, this review had considered discussing and analyzing the characteristics and limitations of these methods. Section 2.2 of this paper reviewed some of the categories of MCDM methods as well as some of the traditional methods used in the selected previous studies. Section 2.1 of this paper explained the concept of lean management and its application benefits. Further, only three sectors were covered by the previous studies in this review paper. This study also provided recommendations for future research. Therefore, it provided researchers with a good conception of how to conduct the studies on lean tools selection. Besides, knowing the methods used in previous studies can help researchers develop new methods to select the best set of lean tools. That is, this study provided and advanced the existing knowledge base for researchers concerning lean tools selection, especially there is limited availability of review papers on this topic. Moreover, the study showed researchers the importance of the relationship between lean tools and indicators or/and performance indicators to determine the appropriate set of lean tools so that the results of future studies will be more realistic and acceptable.Practical implicationsPractically, manufacturers face a significant challenge when selecting proper lean tools. This study may enhance managers, manufacturers and company's knowledge to identify most of the methods used to choose the best set of lean tools and what are the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of these methods as well as the latest studies that have been adopted in this topic. That means this study can direct companies to prioritize the application of lean tools depending on either the manufacturing performance metrics or/and manufacturing wastes so that they avoid incorrect application of lean tools, which will add more non-value added activities to operations. Therefore companies can decrease the time and cost losses and enhancing the quality and efficiency of the performance. Correctly implementing the best set of lean tools in companies will lead in general to correctly applying lean management in corporations. Therefore, these lean tools can boost the economic aspect of companies and society through reducing waste, improving performance indicators, preserving time and cost, achieving quality, efficiency, competitiveness, boosting employee income and improving the gross domestic product. The correct lean tool selection reduces customer complaints and employee stress and improves work conditions, health, safety and labor wellbeing. Besides, the correct lean tools selection improves materials usage, energy usage, water usage and decreases liquid wastes, solid wastes and air emissions. As a result, the right selection of lean tools will have positive effects on both the environment and society. The study may also encourage manufacturers and researchers to adopt studies on lean tools selection in small- and medium-sized companies because the study referred to the importance and participation of these kinds of companies in a large proportion of the economy of developing countries. Further, the study may encourage some countries that have not previously adopted this type of study, academically and industrially to conduct lean tools selection studies.Social implicationsAs mentioned previously, the correct lean tool selection reduces customer complaints and employee stress and improves work conditions, health, safety and labor wellbeing. The proper lean tools selection improves materials usage, energy usage, water usage and decreases liquid wastes, solid wastes and air emissions. As a result, the right choice of lean tools will positively affect both the environment and society.Originality/valueThe study expanded the efforts of previous studies concerning lean management features. It provided an accurate review of most lean tools selection studies published from 2005 to 2021 and was not limited to the manufacturing sector. It further identified and briefly described the selection methods concerning lean tools adopted in each paper.

On the authorship and publication dates of Theraphosa and Theraphosidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae): a clarification

Bionomina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
RAINER BREITLING
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
The Family ◽  
Minority View ◽  
Case Based ◽  
Selection Of

The genus Theraphosa was established by Thorell (1870) as the type genus of the simultaneously published family Theraphosidae, the most diverse group of mygalomorph spiders. This authorship and publication date have long been accepted by the majority of authors. However, there has been a long-standing minority view that the genus name should be attributed to Walckenaer (1805), and the publication date of the family name changed to 1869.             A thought-provoking recent publication has examined this case. Based on a limited selection of the relevant literature, the authors struggled to make sense of their sources and prematurely concluded that the minority opinion might indeed be correct. They overlooked the potentially destabilising implications of this reattribution.             This paper revisits the evidence in the light of a much wider range of relevant publications, places it in its important historical context and, on the basis of the current rules of nomenclature, concludes that the traditional consensus has indeed been correct.                 Thus, Theraphosa Thorell, 1870 is the type genus of Theraphosidae Thorell, 1870 and a nomen protectum, while Theraphosa Schinz, 1823 is a nomen oblitum, mostly limited to the German textbook literature of the early 19th century. Teraphosa Eichwald, 1830 and Teraphosa Gistel, 1848 are junior synonyms of Avicularia Lamarck, 1818 (syn. nov.). Theraphosa Walckenaer, 1805 is a suprageneric name of the class-series (synonymous to Mygalomorphae) and not available at the genus level.

scholarly journals Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Imaging, Patient Selection, and Management in the Endovascular Era. Part II: Patient Selection, Endovascular Thrombectomy, and Postprocedure Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 169-183
Author(s):  
Sharath Kumar G G ◽  
Chinmay Nagesh
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Patient Selection ◽  
Secondary Brain Injury ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Endovascular Thrombectomy ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Imaging Patient ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractAppropriate patient selection and expedient recanalization are the mainstay of modern management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Only a minority of patients (7–15%) of patients are eligible for endovascular therapy. Patient selection may be time based or perfusion based. Central to both paradigms is the selection of a patient with a small core, a significant penumbra that can be differentiated from areas of oligemia. A brief review of patient selection methods is presented. Endovascular thrombectomy techniques using stentrievers or aspiration catheters have now become the treatment of choice for AIS with large vessel occlusion. A range of devices, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, are available in the market for the neurointerventionist to choose. Techniques vary between devices and between operators, but standardization and protocolization are important within each center. Complications must be anticipated to be avoided. Once reperfusion is achieved, outcomes must be safeguarded with competent postprocedure management to prevent secondary brain injury. These aspects are reviewed in this article.

scholarly journals Selection of the most adequate trip-modelling tool for integrated transport planning system

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Sawicki ◽  
Marcin Kiciński ◽  
Szymon Fierek
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Phase Selection ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Selection Of

This paper deals with the problem of selection the most suitable trip-modelling tool (TMT), which is a part of the more complex integrated transport planning system (ITPS) at the regional scale. Since an application of TMT is not autonomous and several different users exist the selection problem is not a trivial. In this paper, an original five-phase selection procedure is presented. The first phase consists in specifica¬tion of both, detailed expectations of all identified users and technical requirements of ITPS. Second phase deals with research on available TMT while a third one is concentrated on defining a comprehensive set of criteria. In this phase critical criteria as well as selection criteria are defined. First one is utilised to eliminate unacceptable TMTs in phase four and second one to evaluate and select most adequate TMT in phase five. In the paper an exemplary application of this procedure is presented. The authors have defined 2 critical criteria and a set of 19 selection criteria. The last one is divided into 3 main subsets, i.e. functional, technical and financial contexts of selection process. All the selection criteria are characterised by 43 sub-criteria and some of them are more detailed extended. Using this procedure 3 out of 6 alternative TMTs including Emme, Aimsun and Visum have been initially accepted and next evaluated. Finally, Visum has been selected and recommended for application into ITPS.

scholarly journals Selection of Candidates for Endovascular Treatment: Characteristics According to Three Different Selection Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Won Chung ◽  
Beom Joon Kim ◽  
Han-Gil Jeong ◽  
Woo-Keun Seo ◽  
Gyeong-Moon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Treatment Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals USE OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC DATA BASES WEB OF SCIENCE AND SCOPUS FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AT AGRICULTURAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor MAZUR ◽  
Hanna PANTSYREVA ◽  
Kateryna MAZUR
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The University ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Agrarian Institutions

In today's conditions of agrarian production in Ukraine, due to the rapid development of scientific and technological progress, a significant contribution belongs to scientific research based on world recognition, and publications in scientific journals indexed in the international science-computer databases of Web of Science and Scopus will lead to the possibility of modernization of modern science in agrarian institutions of higher education. It is established that realization of scientific researches in higher agricultural educational institutions is a prerequisite for increasing their competitiveness in the international scientific and educational space. So, agricultural universities, along with the implementation of their main function - educational - are engaged in field research and development of innovative research in the agrarian sector. Today, in our country, there is already an experience in defining scientific research and innovation priorities, but until now, the research of domestic scientists did not take into account the use of large-scale modern information capacities to determine the effectiveness of scientific activity. In this regard, the attraction of information technology in combination with the use of international science-computer databases Web of Science and Scopus in the agrarian sphere will significantly expand the scientific outlook of scientists. The aim of the study is to determine the main advantages of using the international science-computer databases Web of Science and Scopus for research in the agrarian sector and to provide suggestions for the search for data and selection of journals for their effective use in the research work of scientific and pedagogical workers of higher agrarian institutions. The information base of the study consists of the current legislation and normative acts of Ukraine, resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, official data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on scientific and innovative activities, data presented in the international science-computer databases of Web of Science and Scopus. Current issues of the transformation of the scientific system at the state and world levels, which have a positive effect on the level of provision of the research sphere in combination with the staffing component of the scientific and technological potential, remain relevant in modern conditions. Today, we are seeing a deepening of the integration of education and agrarian science within the university sector, which is due to the increasing importance of scientific research and training of agronomists-researchers of the proper level. It has been established that the publication of the results of laboratory-field research in scientific journals indexed in the science science of Web of Science and Scopus should become a promising direction and actively develop among scientific groups of young scientists, in particular, when performing scientific research in agronomy. At the present stage, the development of agrarian production is based not only on the achievements of agricultural sciences such as crop production, agriculture, ecology, fodder production, but also on a number of economic sciences. The studies have taken into account that the importance of research in agrarian science of this interaction is intensified in the conditions of structural transformations of the agricultural economy, as well as the provision of its innovative development, since the integrated interaction of agrarian production, science and agricultural education institutions has a positive effect. In this scientific work, the necessity of the development of science-based research in agrarian universities was determined and the world's bibliometric platforms Web of Science and Scopus were analyzed. It also proved expediency of carrying out scientific researches with the use of science-based studies on the basis of agrarian institutions of higher education. Under the international science and technology databases of Web of Science and Scopus, the criteria and standards necessary for the qualitative use of science in research are researched. Taking into account the results, the main criteria for the selection of science-computer platforms and their indicators were selected: the coverage of Ukrainian scientific publications and publications, the accuracy of data, including the veracity of the citation of the scientific publication, the filtering of excess data, the possibility of obtaining all information about the publication by author. The general characteristics of science-metric databases of Web of Science and Scopus (interface language, data volume, data source, science-metrics) were investigated and the main technical and functional characteristics were determined. Considered the availability of advanced search, the ability to communicate with scientists, the identification of a scientist, the possibility of a reference to a scientific publication. After analyzing specialized literature and sites for the development of international science-computer databases for further thorough research, the course of publications to readers in the Internet space was determined, which is related to the active participation of authors in the placement of scientific articles in such information systems as Google Scholar, ORCID, Research ID. Thus, in agrarian educational institutions, the availability of information and analytical activities in the context of complex changes in the information environment transforms the educational institution into a center of social communication, which is important for conducting research. In this regard, the involvement of information technology in conjunction with the use of international science-computer databases Web of Science and Scopus in the agrarian sphere will significantly expand the scientific outlook of scientists. Information provision of the scientific and educational process at the expense of publications of scientific articles of the corresponding level enhances the role of scientific and pedagogical workers in solving the problems faced by agrarian higher educational institutions at the present stage of development. Therefore, one of the priority directions of activity of scientific and pedagogical workers of agricultural higher educational institutions is the development of navigation functions in the world of science-computer systems in order to facilitate the transformation from the element of research into the participant of scientific and educational work and increase the scientific status of the university.

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