scholarly journals Analysis of Faecal Sludge Treatment Alternatives to Enhance the Treatment Performance of Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Denpasar Sewerage Development Project (DSDP) Suwung Denpasar City

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 210603
Author(s):  
Gede Adi Wiguna Sudiartha ◽  
Prayatni Soewondo
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Filter Press ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Weighting Method ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Treatment Performance ◽  
Faecal Sludge

Most of the wastewater generated from domestic activities in Denpasar city is treated in an off-site treatment plant located in WWTP DSDP Suwung. This includes faecal sludge that originates from on-site treatment plants. The existing treatment facilities can only treat wastewater that has a maximum biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) concentration of around 225 mg/l while the disposed faecal sludge’s BOD concentration reaches 3,394 mg/l. Therefore, an additional faecal sludge treatment plant needs to be established in order to separate the solid phase from the liquid phase. According to the treatment performance calculation, some alternative treatments can achieve BOD5 and TSS removal of up to 97% and 98% respectively. The selection of the alternative treatment was decided from weighting results of several aspects, such as economic, land use, technological and environmental aspects. The weighting method that was used in this research was Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). The advantage of SAW is its ability to do the assessment highly precisely because it is based on predetermined criteria and preference weights. Based on the weighting result, the treatment technology selected was a Solid Separation Chamber as primary treatment, combined with an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor as a secondary treatment. A Belt Filter-Press was applied to reshape the sludge into a recyclable cake. The required cost is approximately 16 billion rupiahs.

scholarly journals Efficiency assessment of faecal sludge treatment plant (FSTP): An analytical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-353
Author(s):  
Mukesh Ruhela ◽  
Pooja Rani ◽  
Sweta Bhardwaj ◽  
Faheem Ahamad
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Ground Water Pollution ◽  
Faecal Sludge

The success of Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) has increased the number of toilets in India. Treatment of septage and faecal sludge is now a big challenge to main the sanitation and hygiene in the society. Therefore, in the present study an attempt has been made to explore the concept and efficiency of Faecal Sludge Treatment (FSTP) technology. The paper also includes the study of characteristics of faecal sludge and biochar produced from faecal sludge. The efficiency of plant for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) was observed 99.88%, 99.91% and 99.88, respectively. After the treatment all the studied parameters of treated water was found below the standards set by MOEF for FSTP discharge. After dewatering and drying, the faecal sludge is analyzed for calorific value, ash, fixed carbon, volatile matter, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulphur. Calorific value of faecal sludge ranged from 3339.00 Kcal kg-1 to 3542.00 Kcal kg-1 with an average value of 3419.67 Kcal kg-1. Then the faecal sludge is pyrolysed to produce the energy and biochar. Biochar was analyzed for pH, colour, moisture, bulk density, potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, lead, zinc, cadmium, copper, nickel, chromium, and mercury. All the parameters of biochar were found below the standard limits of Solid Waste Management Rules (SWM), 2016 except bulk density (2.07 g cm-3), potassium (1.02%), and nitrogen (3.09%). On the basis of biochar results, it may be concluded that the sludge produced can be used as manure in agriculture and gardening. Therefore, FSTP is a suitable, sustainable eco-friendly technology for the treatment of faecal sludge and also reduces the chances of soil and ground water pollution.

Evaluating the treatment performance of a full scale Activated Sludge Plant in Islamabad, Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Fatima ◽  
S. Jamal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operational Parameter ◽  
Mixed Liquor ◽  
Treatment Performance

In this study, the performance of wastewater treatment plant located at sector I-9 Islamabad, Pakistan, was evaluated. This full scale domestic wastewater treatment plant is based on conventional activated sludge process. The parameters which were monitored regularly included total suspended solids (TSS), mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). It was found that the biological degradation efficiency of the plant was below the desired levels in terms of COD and BOD. Also the plant operators were not maintaining consistent sludge retention time (SRT). Abrupt discharge of MLSS through the Surplus Activated sludge (SAS) pump was the main reason for the low MLSS in the aeration tank and consequently low treatment performance. In this study the SRT was optimized based on desired MLSS concentration between 3,000–3,500 mg/L and required performance in terms of BOD, COD and TSS. This study revealed that SRT is a very important operational parameter and its knowledge and correct implementation by the plant operators should be mandatory.

scholarly journals STUDY ON SLUDGE TREATMENT BY THE AEROBIC STABILIZATION PROCESS COMBINES WITH BULKING AGENT AND HEATED AIR SUPPLY

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (5A) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Khoi Diep Ngoc Vo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Bulking Agent ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Stabilization Process ◽  
Heated Air

The paper presents the results of the evaluation of sludge decomposition ability from a municipal wastewater treatment plant by an aerobic process on the Mishimax device (MK-50). The principle of the process was based on the microorganisms activated by the bulking agent as a bio-carrier to decompose organics composition and increase the evaporation by heating. An average sludge amount of 30 kg/day was added into MK-50, with the moisture of 80.2 – 83.6 %, with the C/N ratio of around 22 - 35. The heated air with 50 oC in temperature was supplied into a rotary bioreactor during the experiment period. After every 30 days of fermentation, the results from three experiments showed that the sludge volume decreased from 83 - 85 %, the stabilization efficiency by dry weight of sludge reached at 32 - 39 %, corresponding to the average decomposition rate is 12 g/kg.day, the evaporation efficiency was more than 95 %. Sludge after stabilization process had the colour of brown-grey, pH of about 6.5 - 7.2, the humus particles with the size of less than 1 mm accounted for over 60 %, the evaluation of product indexes according to nutrients like TOC, T-N meet the standard of 10TCN 526:2002/BNN&PTNT. The stabilized sludge was used for growth plant test and compared to a market organic fertilizer under the same conditions of cultivation and monitoring. The initial results of this study were a basis for research of sludge treatment technology approaches to waste recycling orientation in urban areas in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Shifts in the Microbial Community of Activated Sludge with Different COD/N Ratios or Dissolved Oxygen Levels in Tibet, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Xu ◽  
Peifang Wang ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Lihua Niu ◽  
Zhen Xing
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Unit ◽  
Carbon To Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Treatment Performance ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

In this study, we examined the influence of the organic carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (chemical oxygen demand (COD/N)) and dissolved oxygen (DO) levels on the removal efficiency of pollutants and on the change in total microflora in the cyclic activated sludge system (CASS) in the Nyingchi prefecture in Tibet. The results demonstrated that the treatment performance was the best when the COD/N ratio was 7:1 or the DO levels were 2–2.5 mg/L in comparison with four different tested COD/N ratios (4:1, 5:1, 7:1, and 10:1) and DO concentrations (0.5–1, 1–2, 2–2.5, and 2.5–3.5 mg/L). The treatment performance can be explained by the relative operational taxonomic unit richness and evenness of the microbial communities in activated sludge. Evident microbial variance was observed, especially different COD/N ratios and DO concentrations, which were conducive to the disposal of urban sewage in plateaus. The results help to understand sewage treatment under different COD/N ratios or DO concentrations on plateaus. This work provides practical guidance for the operation of any wastewater treatment plant on a plateau.

Preliminary Study on the Potential Use of Fly Ash as a Ventilated Improved Pit Latrine Additive

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
Dylan Collings ◽  
Roman Tandlich ◽  
Cyril S. Dube ◽  
Phindile Madikizela ◽  
Nosiphiwe P. Ngqwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Faecal Material ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Pit Latrine ◽  
Faecal Sludge ◽  
Potential Use

This study describes the results of a series of laboratory experiments on aimed at developing of a protocol for the use of fly ash as a pit additive in the ventilated improved pit latrines (VIPs) in South Africa. Model VIP vaults were prepared in the laboratory and filled with synthetic faecal sludge; and dosed with fly ash in amounts ranging from 5 to 20 % (w/w). The maximum leachable chemical oxygen demand (COD) accounted for 3.2 % of the total organic matter, while the maximum leachable ammonium accounted for 1.4 % of the leachable ammonium present in the synthetic faecal sludge. All phosphate in the synthetic faecal material was leachable. Mixing of the 20 % dose of fly ash into the synthetic faecal sludge resulted a minimum 98.9 % reduction (or about two log units) in the faecal coliform concentration after 28 days of incubation. As a result, addition of fly ash can decrease microbial threats to public and environmental health threats from the VIP faecal wastes, but can cause environmental contamination with phosphate. The fly ash dose and the duration of the faecal sludge treatment require further optimisation. Relationship between the chemical composition of the fly ash used as an additive to stabilise the VIP faecal sludge and the leaching of phosphorus from the sludge will also have to be investigated further.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on a Closed-Cycle Humidification and Dehumidification System for Treating Wastewater Containing High Concentrations of Inorganic Salts and Organic Matter

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Yong Sun ◽  
Sanjiang Yv ◽  
Jiaquan Wang ◽  
Kaixuan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Filter Press ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Treatment Performance ◽  
High Concentrations

Industrial wastewater contains high concentrations of inorganic salts and organic matter. This experiment studied a system for treating wastewater containing high concentrations of inorganic salts and organic matter. The setup consists of a closed-cycle humidification and dehumidification system and a filter press. Chemical wastewater was used as the treatment solution, and the treatment performance of the system was tested and analyzed. The system effectively reduced the chemical oxygen demand (COD), electric conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) in the wastewater and, at the same time, dehydrated sludge was obtained through a filter press. The system maintains a stable removal rate of each index (COD, EC, TN, and NH4-N) in wastewater and can remove inorganic salts and organic matter from wastewater. The system can successfully treat industrial wastewater containing high concentrations of inorganic salts and organic matter.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Amount of Electrical Energy Available From the Biogas Produced at the Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant in the City of Sokodé

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitale M'Balikine Krou ◽  
Gnon Baba ◽  
Ogouvidé Akpaki
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
The City ◽  
Recoverable Energy ◽  
Faecal Sludge

 The purpose of this study is to estimate the amount of energy produced from biogas at the faecal sludge treatment plant in the city of Sokodé. The methodological approach consisted in producing biogas by co-digestion of faecal sludge with the fermentable fractions of solid waste then in estimating the quantity of energy available from the produced biogas. Tests of co-digestion of faecal sludge and fermentable fractions of solid waste, showed that from 2258 tons/DM of biomass in one year, 44476 m3 of biogas, or 29177 m3 of methane could be produced. The methane content, which is 65.6 %, is a very interesting source of energy. Several techniques for producing energy from biogas exist, one of which is the production of electricity. In this study, it is a question of making the choice of an adequate electric motor which will allow to produce electric energy from the biogas on the faecal sludge treatment plant. Thus, it was necessary to estimate the quantity of energy available from the biogas produced. To do so, it was calculated the quantity of energy that can be produced by the biogas in one year, the quantity of recoverable energy produced in a year and the quantity of energy supplied by biogas in one hour. The results showed that by 2035, the co-digestion of fermentable solid waste and faecal sludge from the city of Sokodé, would produce 534,246 kWh. The recoverable part would be 507,534 kWh and the energy supplied is 58 kWh.

A comparative study of clonal selection algorithm for effluent removal forecasting in septic sludge treatment plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Sie Chun ◽  
M. A. Malek ◽  
Amelia Ritahani Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Model Simulation ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Clonal Selection Algorithm ◽  
Selection Algorithm ◽  
Sludge Treatment

The development of effluent removal prediction is crucial in providing a planning tool necessary for the future development and the construction of a septic sludge treatment plant (SSTP), especially in the developing countries. In order to investigate the expected functionality of the required standard, the prediction of the effluent quality, namely biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and total suspended solid of an SSTP was modelled using an artificial intelligence approach. In this paper, we adopt the clonal selection algorithm (CSA) to set up a prediction model, with a well-established method – namely the least-square support vector machine (LS-SVM) as a baseline model. The test results of the case study showed that the prediction of the CSA-based SSTP model worked well and provided model performance as satisfactory as the LS-SVM model. The CSA approach shows that fewer control and training parameters are required for model simulation as compared with the LS-SVM approach. The ability of a CSA approach in resolving limited data samples, non-linear sample function and multidimensional pattern recognition makes it a powerful tool in modelling the prediction of effluent removals in an SSTP.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Sistem RBC Pada IPAL Pekapuran Raya PD PAL Banjarmasin Terhadap Penurunan Kadar BOD

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Fidyan Hifzhani ◽  
Syarifudin A. ◽  
Arifin Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Wastewater Sample ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Local Company

Abstract : Effectiveness Of Rbc System On Wwtp (Wastewater Treatment Plant) Pekapuran Raya Wt (Wastewater Treatment) Local Company Banjarmasin To Reduce Bod Contents. Increased household activities lead to increase the volume of waste generated over time. Annually, the household waste volume increases 5 million m3. WT Local Company Banjarmasin is a wastewater management company that performs domestic sewage treatment (feces) Banjarmasin city. Application of waste treatment technology on WWTP Banjarmasin is RBC system. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of RBC system on WT Local Company Banjarmasin to reduce BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand). This type of study was analytic. The study design used one group pretest posttest design. The place of study was WWTP Pekapuran Raya WT Local Company Banjarmasin 2017. The study population was wastewater from inlet and outlet pipes. Sample was wastewater taken inlet and outlet pipe tanks. The result showed BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) contents in the wastewater sample before it was processed of 130.97 mg/L, 116.98 mg/L, and 193.45 mg/l. After it was processed of 13.81 mg/L, 20.138 mg/L, and 30.216 mg/L. The effectiveness of RBC system on the reduce of BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) in WWTP Pekapuran Raya WT Local Company Banjarmasin was 89.37% for first day, 80.51% for second day and 83.73% for the third day. There were differences before and after BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) treated by RBC in WWTP Pekapuran Raya WT Local Company Banjarmasin. Keywords: WWTP; RBC system; BOD.

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