High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Fingerprints of Triterpenoids for Distinguishing Between Isodon lophanthoides and Isodon lophanthoides var. gerardianus

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 714-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaozhan Lin ◽  
Fangle Liu ◽  
Runjing Zhang ◽  
Meiting Liu ◽  
Chenchen Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Chromatographic Fingerprints ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chemical Distribution

Abstract Background: The aerial parts of Isodon lophanthoides (Buch. Ham. ex D. Don) Hara (IL) has been officially recorded as Isodonis lophanthoidis herba by many provincial quality control standards for Chinese herbal medicines in China. Recently, it has been found that one of its varieties, I. lophanthoides var. gerardianus (Benth.) Hara (ILVG) was pretended to be I. lophanthoidis herba in herbal material markets or cultivated bases. Because of the similarity on appearance, these two close-related species were difficult to be identified by morphological characters, especially when they are dried and sliced. Objective: To establish a rapid and specific method for identification of the two herbal medicines. Method: In this paper, a fingerprint of triterpenoids by HPTLC coupled with a digital profiling was established to identify IL and distinguish it from its substitute, ILVG. The specific HPTLC fingerprints constructed by determining twelve batches of IL samples and thirteen batches of ILVG samples, intuitionally reflected the difference between the two species on HPTLC image and the peak-peak rations of chemical distribution. Results: Authentication results of nine batches of commercial samples by the above established HPTLC fingerprints exhibited coincident conclusion with that by morphological means. Conclusions: The HPTLC fingerprint is proven to be simple, repeatable, specific, and suitable for rapid identification of I. lophanthoidis herba. Highlights: An efficient method for identification and distinguishing Isodon lophanthoides from its substitute, I. lophanthoides var. gerardianus, was established. HPTLC fingerprints of ursane-type triterpenoides were constructed and validated by determining IL and ILVG samples.

Determining the effective compounds of Salvia miltiorrhiza through chromatographic fingerprinting coupled with chemometrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Yuan-Kai Tu ◽  
◽  
Jui-Sheng Lai ◽  
Bo-Jein Kuo ◽  
Ruo-Han Jian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Chemometric Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
Spectrum Effect

Herbs are rich in the active ingredients of drugs for preventing or treating various disorders. However, conventional bioactivity-guided separation is time and labor-intensive and neglects the additive effect of multiple components. These problems hinder the development of new medicines from natural products. This study established a chemometric analysis method that integrates processes based on the spectrum-effect relationship for the rapid identification of the primary active components of a plant. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints of 171 Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts (SMEs) with varied constituent profiles were analyzed. Chemometric analysis was performed to establish an HPLC fingerprint–bioactivity relationship to explore the components of SMEs that contribute to the antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity effect, respectively. The results indicated that the developed strategy can be used to identify components largely contributing to particular bioactivities and re-evaluate the efficacy of previously neglected components. The present study identified not only the primary active components of S. miltiorrhiza but also the optimal ratios of constituents, validating the method for use in the future investigation and development of herbal medicines. Keywords: Chemometric, herb, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, fingerprint, Salvia miltiorrhiza.

scholarly journals Determination of the Novel Insecticide Flupyradifurone and Its Two Metabolites in Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicines Using Modified QuEChERS and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nan Fang ◽  
Zhou Lu ◽  
Zhongbei Zhang ◽  
Zhiguang Hou ◽  
Shuang Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicines

In this study, an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of the novel insecticide flupyradifurone and its two metabolites in a variety of traditional Chinese herbal medicines was developed for the first time using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A simple and efficient method using dispersive solid-phase extraction was employed for the pretreatment of the samples. Several extractions and cleanup strategies were evaluated. The recoveries (n = 15) of flupyradifurone and its metabolites at three spiking levels were in the range 71.3%–101.7%, with corresponding intraday and interday relative standard deviations of 1.1%–14.8%. The limits of quantitation were 0.01 mg/kg for flupyradifurone and 0.1 mg/kg for its two metabolites. Overall, our developed method was sensitive and reliable for the fast screening of flupyradifurone and its two metabolites in traditional Chinese herbal medicine samples.

Simultaneous Quantification of Pharmacological Markers Quercetin and Berberine Using High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) from a Polyherbal Formulation Pushyanuga Churna

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 1003-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Shailajan ◽  
Yugandhara Patil ◽  
Mayuresh Joshi ◽  
Sasikumar Menon ◽  
Mandar Mhatre
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Chromatographic Fingerprints ◽  
Mainstream Medicine ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Background: Ayurvedic medicines show great promise due to their holistic approach in the treatment of diseases. But proper standardization is necessary for their integration into mainstream medicine. One such well-known formulation is Pushyanuga Churna. As safety and efficacy of a multiherbal formulation is dependent on the authenticity of the ingredients used, chromatographic techniques play a significant role in the quality control of complex herbal medicines. Objective: In the current research, marker-based standardization of Pushyanuga Churna using validated HPTLC and HPLC methods have been established. Methods: Pushyanuga Churna was prepared in-house using authentic ingredients. Pharmacologically active biomarkers quercetin and berberine were simultaneously estimated using validated HPTLC and HPLC methods. Chromatographic fingerprints were developed for the formulation along with all the ingredients that can be used as tools to identify Pushyanuga Churna. Results: In-house formulation and Patanjali (marketed formulation) were observed to be rich in both markers. Quercetin was found to be more abundant than berberine in the ingredients. The deviation of marker content in marketed formulations can be attributed to variation in the ingredients used in the preparation. Conclusions: The routine use of such scientifically accepted methods will help in establishing the quality of the formulation and help in building confidence in traditional medicine. Highlights: The study highlights evaluation of biomarkers from the formulation and its ingredients as an important method to ensure the batch to batch consistency in quality of the formulation.

scholarly journals Determination of Toxic Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicines by UPLC-MS/MS and Accompanying Risk Assessment for Human Health

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1648
Author(s):  
Junchi Wang ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Lihua Chen ◽  
Yue Qiao ◽  
Siqi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicines ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a class of natural toxins with hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. They are endogenous and adulterated toxic components widely found in food and herbal products. In this study, a sensitive and efficient ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was used to detect the PAs in 386 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020). The estimated daily intake (EDI) of 0.007 μg/kg body weight (bw)/day was adopted as the safety baseline. The margin of exposure (MOE) approach was applied to evaluate the chronic exposure risk for the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential of PAs. Results showed that PAs was detected in 271 out of 386 samples with a content of 0.1–25,567.4 μg/kg, and there were 20 samples with EDI values above the baseline, 0.007 μg/kg bw/day. Beyond that, the MOE values for 10 out of 271 positive samples were below 10,000. Considering the actual situation, Haber’s rule was used to assume two weeks exposure every year during lifetime, and still the MOE values for four out of 271 positive samples were under 10,000, indicating these products may have potential health risk. The developed method was successfully applied to detect the PAs-containing Chinese herbal medicines. This study provides convincing data that can support risk management actions in China and a meaningful reference for the rational and safe use of Chinese herbal medicines.

Inheritance of Some Morphological Characteristics of Parental Lines in Mustard-Rape Hybrid

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Distant Hybridization ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Row Width ◽  
The Difference

Distant hybridization is known to play an important role in expanding the gene pool of any crop. It is believed that the combination of different genomes in one nucleus, as a rule, is accompanied by the phenomenon of “genomic shock”, resulting in a variety of genetic and epigenetic changes. This provides a wealth of material for the selection of genotypes adapted to different environmental conditions. Interspecific hybrids in different combinations were obtained in the genus Brassica, however, until now, interest in distant hybridization in this genus has not died out, since such important crops as rapeseed and mustard demand an improvement of many important agronomic traits. The aim of this work was to study the degree of manifestation of morphological characters of a leaf, flower, and plant as a whole in the hybrid obtained by crossing of brown mustard of the variety Slavyanka and a collection specimen of spring rape. Seeds were sown in the spring of 2019 in a field with 30 cm row width. During the flowering period a number of morphological characters of a flower, leaf, and the whole plant were analyzed. Each parameter was evaluated with 10 plants. The degree of dominance in first-generation hybrid was calculated by the formula of Beil, Atkins (1965). The dominance coefficients were not determined in the case when the difference between the parental samples was insignificant. Differences between parental samples were determined by Student t-test. The level of heterosis was calculated according to the formula of Rasul et al (2002). In a mustard-rapeseed hybrid, the size of the leaves of the lower row was inherited by the type of rapeseed, which had larger leaves than mustard. The height of the hybrid plant was inherited by the type of mustard (hp = 1.32, Ht = 4.89%), and intermediate inheritance was observed for the length of the internodes (hp = -0.48). The size of the flower petals and sepals was inherited by the type of rapeseed, and significant heterosis was observed for the length of the pistil (Ht = 33.57%). The data obtained are of interest for understanding the interaction of genes of different genomes in the genus Brassica.

Chinese Herbal Medicines for Promoting Blood Circulation and Removing Blood Stasis in Preventing Deep Venous Thrombosis after Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetao Huang ◽  
Jianke Pan ◽  
Yanhong Han ◽  
Lingfeng Zeng ◽  
Guihong Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Chinese Herbal

Aim and Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis (PBCRBSM) in preventing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Materials and Methods: The Databases were searched for studies comparing the preventive abilities of PBCRBSM and Western medicine, such as low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), rivaroxaban, and aspirin, as well as for randomized controlled trials on DVT after THA. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: A total of 3254 randomized controlled trials were included, including 1630 cases in the experimental group and 1624 cases in the control group. Meta-analysis showed that compared with Western medicine, PBCRBSM reduced the incidence of DVT (OR=0.38, 95% CI [0.30, 0.48], P < 0.001); prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (SMD=0.44, 95% CI [0.35, 0.53], P < 0.001); reduced D-dimer (SMD=-0.75, 95% CI [-0.84，-0.65], P < 0.001), FIB (SMD=-0.61, 95% CI [-0.72, -0.50], P < 0.001), blood viscosity (P<0.01), circumference difference in lower extremities (P<0.01), venous blood flow velocity (SMD=0.97, 95% CI [0.77, 1.16], P < 0.001), and drainage volume (SMD=-1.53, 95% CI [-1.71, -1.35], P < 0.001); and reduced adverse reactions (OR = 0.32, 95% CI [0.19, 0.56], P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in prolonging prothrombin time (PT) between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine (SMD = 0.07, 95% CI [-0.0.01). 3, 0.16], P > 0.05. Conclusion: PBCRBSM is an effective method for preventing DVT after THA and has fewer adverse effects.

Analysis of Chinese herbal formulae recommended for COVID-19 in different schemes in China: A data mining Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
LiWei Yin ◽  
YaCen Gao ◽  
ZiPing Li ◽  
MengYu Wang ◽  
KaiXin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Recovery Stage ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Middle Stage ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Severe Stage ◽  
Herbal Formulae

Background: Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a worldwide health threat that has affected millions of people globally. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been introduced for the treatment of COVID-19. However, efficacy differs among herbal medicines, and the ideal prescription pattern for TCM herbal formulae for COVID-19 treatment needs to be explored. Therefore, the data mining method has been used in this study to analyze the TCM prescription pattern for COVID-19. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the TCM prescription pattern in Regional Schemes in China for COVID-19 in order to provide a new reference for the use of TCM in COVID-19 treatment. Method: By searching the TCM treatment protocols of COVID-19 in 23 Regional Schemes, TCM syndromes and herbal medicines were analyzed by data mining. The Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform (V2.1 personal Edition) was used to perform frequency statistics, correlation analysis, and cluster analysis. A total of 82 TCM syndromes and 171 Chinese herbal medicines were found. The course of the disease can be divided into the early stage, middle stage, severe stage, and recovery stage. Results: In the early stage, the focus is primarily on resolving dampness, dispelling cold, and diffusing the lungs. In the middle stage, the treatment priority is clearing heat and resolving toxins, promoting lung function, and relieving asthma. In the severe stage, the focus is on tonifying Qi, restoring Yang, and relieving depletion of Yin and Yang. In the recovery stage, the main treatment is to invigorate the spleen and regulate Qi, tonify Qi, nourish Yin, and clear residual disease evil. There are certain differences between the Regional Schemes and the Nation Schemes, but the core prescription pattern of the former is consistent with the latter. The effectiveness of these 171 Chinese herbs include but are not limited to inhibiting COVID-19, strengthening immune system function, preventing heart failure, acting as antioxidants, oxidative stress inhibitory effects, maintaining organ function, and improving leukocyte survival. Conclusion: This study may help to improve understanding of TCM herbal prescription pattern, practices, reveal the efficacy of combinations of Chinese herbs, and provide new ideas for TCM treatment for COVID-19.

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