PSYCHOGENIC VOICE DISORDER: A VIEW THROUGH THE LENS OF SELF

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Margaret Jacobs ◽  
Leo Van Biene
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Voice Disorder ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Intervention ◽  
Relational Trauma ◽  
Dissociative Processes ◽  
The Voice

Patients with psychogenic voice disorder (PVD), a disorder of voice in the absence of identifiable pathology, present a particular challenge to clinicians. Although the voice can usually be restored by the use of speech therapy, recurrences can only be prevented by psychotherapeutic intervention. Psychological factors have been long recognized as playing a role in these disorders, but the nature of this contribution has been unclear. Various conceptual frameworks have been used to understand this disorder. While for much of the last century, “conversion” has been seen as the primary process that underpins this disorder, little attention has been paid to the role of dissociation in this regard. This paper explores the utility of viewing PVD through a lens of Self. In so doing, PVD can be considered as a symptomatic expression of a compromised sense of Self which has its genesis in relational trauma and maladaptative defensive maneuvers. These are underpinned by complex dissociative processes which operate largely outside of conscious awareness. A clinical vignette demonstrates the utility of treating this disorder with both speech therapy techniques and a specific mode of psychotherapy, the Conversational Model, which is focused on the fostering of a sense of Self.  It will be shown that this perspective not only provides a clear view of the genesis of thisdisorder, but also describes a pathway for effective treatment.

scholarly journals Characteristics of voice and personality of patients with vocal fold immobility

CoDAS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Alice Figueirêdo de Almeida ◽  
Luana Ramos Fernandes ◽  
Elma Heitmann Mares Azevedo ◽  
Renata Serrano de Andrade Pinheiro ◽  
Leonardo Wanderley Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Voice Disorder ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Screening Protocol ◽  
Vocal Fold Immobility ◽  
Realization Factors ◽  
The Voice

Purpose: To examine the voice and personality characteristics of patients diagnosed with organic dysphonia secondary to vocal fold immobility. Methods: The study comprised patients of both genders, attending the Clinic School of Speech Therapy of the Federal University of Paraíba, with otorhinolaryngological diagnosis of vocal fold immobility and speech therapy diagnosis of dysphonia. The self-assessment of voice was measured through a Vocal Screening Protocol and Voice Symptoms Scale (VoiSS), the voice was collected for auditory-perceptive evaluation, and the Factorial Personality Battery (FPB) was used. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed to determine the frequency, mean, and standard deviation of the studied variables. Results: Eight patients participated in the study, of both genders, with average age of 40.4±16.9 years. The more frequent risk factors were the personal ones (4.7±2.1). In the VoiSS, the patients presented a higher average in the limitation score (34.1±15.7). From the auditory-perceptive evaluation, moderate intensity of vocal deviation was obtained, with predominant vocal roughness (57.7±25.2). In the FPB, the patients had an average higher than the cutoff scores in neuroticism (3.8±1.4) and accomplishment (5.2±1.0). Conclusion: The predominant vocal parameter was roughness. The patients referred to a few risk factors that compromise the vocal behavior and presented the neuroticism and realization factors as a highlight in their personality. Thus, individuals with vocal fold immobility show personality characteristics that may be a reflection of their voice disorder, not a factor that determines their dysphonia.

scholarly journals AVATAR Therapy: Pathopsychology of Transforming Relations with The “Voice” in Auditory Hallucinations

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-99
Author(s):  
O.A. Sagalakova ◽  
O.V. Zhirnova ◽  
D.V. Truevtsev
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Auditory Hallucinations ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
The Voice

The paper examines the problem of the use of modern AVATAR therapy for auditory hallucinations (AH). There is a traditional asymmetry of the focus of interest in the study of AH with a bias towards the study of the final result of perception at the expense of comprehension of the process of AH development. The methodology of the cultural-activity approach and study of the patterns of the genesis of the “voices” in pathopsychology provide an adequate basis for understanding the nature of AH. Current intervention in psychosis is based on recognizing the role of psychological factors. АН are amplified in the state of anxiety, or in case of disturbed interpersonal relationships. AVATAR therapy provides the patient with psychological means of restoring deliberate mental activity, gaining control over one’s mental activity through its objectification, making the “voice” less malevolent and managing negative experiences. The method is based on a dialogue with an avatar, a visual digital image of the “voice”. It is designed in a virtual environment evoking a presence effect, which allows directed interaction with it in order to increase assertiveness. The experiments showed encouraging, but still debatable, results of the effectiveness of AVATAR therapy.

The Perception of Personality Traits from Voices

2018 ◽  
pp. 584-606
Author(s):  
Phil McAleer ◽  
Pascal Belin
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Popular Film ◽  
Early American ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Voice

Voices are full of cues to socially relevant signals and, without conscious awareness, we rapidly make judgements about others based on their voice. Fascination with why or even how we do this is not a new phenomenon but stretches back to Ancient Greece and writings on how to become a great public speaker and to project oneself in a chosen manner (for example, Cicero’s De Oratore). More recently, with the influx of radio in the early twentieth century, focus on obtaining social signals from the voice grew in provenance. Reports of early American radio transmissions with President Franklin D. Roosevelt —‘the radio President’—talked about how he broadcast in a voice that revealed ‘strength, courage and abounding happiness’ (Dunlap Jr, 1933). Likewise, the efforts of King George VI to embrace the role of a broadcasting monarch, despite a speech impediment, were made famous in the popular film, ‘The King’s Speech’ (2010). This chapter will focus on one branch of social information from voices—personality. Starting with an overview of personality traits derived from the voice, and how this influences our decisions, the chapter will then discuss the consistency (both across listeners and time) and ‘accuracy’ of such judgements. The chapter will end by highlighting the importance of this work, looking at technological and medical applications, before posing future strands that must be studied to fully harness the impact of this research.

Wearable Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Device for the Symptomatic Treatment of the Voice Disorder Spasmodic Dysphonia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Mahnan ◽  
Jürgen Konczak ◽  
Sayed Abdolrasoul Faraji
Keyword(s):  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Wearable Device ◽  
Voice Disorder ◽  
Spasmodic Dysphonia ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Voice Symptoms

Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a voice disorder that leads to strained or choked speech. SD is unresponsive to speech therapy. There is no cure for SD. Preliminary work from our group showed that voice quality in SD improves when vibro-tactile stimulation (VTS) is applied over the larynx as a non-invasive form of neuromodulation. The goal of this paper is to describe the design and development of a non-invasive wearable device, which applies VTS to laryngeal muscles with the aim to improve voice quality of individuals with SD. This paper provides preliminary data about the effectiveness of this wearable device for treating the voice symptoms associated with SD.

scholarly journals Role of Voice Therapy in Patients with Mutational Falsetto

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Alok Kumar Agrahari
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Voice Therapy ◽  
Voice Disorder ◽  
P Value ◽  
Perceptual Analysis ◽  
Emotional Component ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Post Therapy

ABSTRACT Background Mutational falsetto is the most common mutational voice disorder, found in all ages. Clinicians often miss this diagnosis due to unfamiliarity with the condition. The voice of a person with mutational falsetto is high pitched, weak, thin, breathy, hoarse and monopitched. Objective This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of voice therapy in persons with mutational falsetto. Methods Eleven male patients with ages between 18 and 26 years (mean age 22.18 years, SD 2.52) diagnosed with mutational falsetto underwent acoustical analysis using Praat Software, perceptual analysis using grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia and strain (GRBAS) scale and psychosocial analysis using emotional component of voice handicap index (VHI). All the components were analyzed pre- and postvoice therapy. Results Improvement in acoustic analysis parameters was statistically significant with p-value less than 0.0001(pretherapy mean of fundamental frequency (F0) was 217.45 with SD 8.68, whereas post-therapy mean of F0 was 127.50 with SD 5.32). Significant improvement in perceptual analysis was seen post-therapy on GRBAS scale. Improvement in psychosocial aspect was also statistically significant with p-value less than 0.0001 (pre-therapy mean 26.18, SD 1.72 post-therapy mean 7, SD 1.15). Conclusion Voice therapy plays an important role in lowering F0 and alleviation mental agony of the patients with mutational falsetto. How to cite this article Varma A, Agrahari AK, Kumar R, Kumar V. Role of Voice Therapy in Patients with Mutational Falsetto. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(1):25-27

Particularities of tinnitus in children and adolescents

ORL ro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Alexandra Boloș ◽  
Sebastian Cozma ◽  
Andreea Silvana Szalontay
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches

Tinnitus is a common otologic symptom and probably the most troublesome. Tinnitus causes a number of physical and psychological consequences, that interfere with the quality of life of the patient. Many authors believe that the presence of tinnitus in children is a matter of lesser importance than in adults because it is met less frequently and would be a fleeting symptom, inoffensive for them (Graham, 1981). In addition, the prevalence of tinnitus during adolescence and even in young adults is increasing, possibly as a consequence of the increased ambient noise (Bulbul SF, Shargorodsky J). Various therapeutic approaches have generated different results, which led us to consider the role of psychological factors, hence the need to underline the particularities of this symptom in childhood.  

Aversive Textures and Their Role in Food Rejection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pellegrino ◽  
Curtis Luckett
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Large Vocabulary ◽  
Common Food ◽  
Sensory Attribute ◽  
Touch Sensitivity

Texture is a prominent feature in foods and consequently can be the reason a food is accepted or rejected. However, other sensory attributes, such as flavor/taste, aroma, sound and appearance may also lead to the rejection of food and motivations other than unpleasantness exist in unacceptance. To date, these motivations for food rejection have been studied in isolation and their relationships with psychological factors have not been tested. This study measured reasons people reject a food and probed into the specifics of texture rejection. A large U.S. sample (N=473) was asked to rate their motivations for rejecting a food, list foods that were disliked due to unpleasant sensory attributes, specify the unpleasant sensory attribute(s), and complete an assessment of general touch sensitivity. Results showed 94% of individuals reject a food due to its texture, a rate comparable to flavor-based rejection. Looking at the number of foods being rejected, flavor was the most common food attribute, followed by texture and then aroma. From a linguistic standpoint, aversive textures encompass a large vocabulary, larger than liked textures, and the same food may be rejected due to a single or combination of texture terms. Viscosity (e.g. slimy) and hardness (e.g. mushy) are the most common aversive texture types, but through cluster analysis subsets of individuals were identified that are more aversive to other textures. This study emphasizes the role of aversive textures in food rejection and provides many avenues for future investigations.

scholarly journals The Loss of Self-Dignity and Anger among Polish Young Adults: The Moderating Role of Religiosity

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Wojciech Rodzeń ◽  
Małgorzata Maria Kulik ◽  
Agnieszka Malinowska ◽  
Zdzisław Kroplewski ◽  
Małgorzata Szcześniak
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire ◽  
Meaning System ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Risk Loss

Does the way we think or feel about ourselves have an impact on our anger-based reactions? Is the direction and strength of this relationship direct, or affected by other factors as well? Given that there is a lack of research on the loss of self-dignity and anger, the first aim of the present study consisted in examining whether or not there is a connection between both variables, with particular emphasis on early adulthood. The second purpose was to explore the moderating role of religiosity on the relationship between loss of self-dignity and anger. Methods: Data were gathered from 462 participants aged 18 to 35. The main methods applied were the Questionnaire of Sense of Self-Dignity, Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and Religious Meaning System Questionnaire. The results show a statistically significant positive correlation between loss of self-dignity and anger, a negative correlation between religiosity and anger, and no significant association between the loss of self-dignity and religiosity. However, all other dimensions of the sense of self-dignity correlated positively with religiosity. Our findings also confirm that the level of anger resulting from the loss of self-dignity is significantly lower as the level of religiosity increases. Such outcomes seem to support the conception that religiosity may act as a protective factor between the risk (loss of self-dignity) and the outcome factor (anger).

scholarly journals Experiences of Compassion in Adults With a Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110006
Author(s):  
Stephanie Fagan ◽  
Suzanne Hodge ◽  
Charlotte Morris
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Empathic Understanding ◽  
Therapeutic Encounters

The study explored experiences of compassion in adults with a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) to further the development of the construct of compassion in relation to BPD. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to develop themes from the narratives of six adults with a diagnosis of BPD. Five themes emerged: Emotional Connection to Suffering, Empathic Understanding, Prioritisation of Needs, A Model of Genuine Compassion and Developing Acceptance and Worth. Participants described the role of compassion in their difficulties, including the adverse impact of experiences of incompassion upon their sense of self. The themes were integrated into a model that highlighted a process of recovery through therapeutic encounters with others in which genuine compassion was modelled. In addition, barriers to compassion and factors facilitating the development of compassion emerged from the analysis and have implications for clinical practice.

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