scholarly journals Dental Amalgam Influence on the Amount of Absorbed Energy from Mobile Phone

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Nenad N. Cvetkovic ◽  
Marko A. Dimitrijevic ◽  
Dejan B. Jovanovic ◽  
Dragana U. Zivaljevic ◽  
Dragan D. Krasic
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Dental Amalgam ◽  
Propagation Equation ◽  
Electromagnetic Propagation ◽  
The Impact

The topic of the research presented in this paper is numerical calculation and analysis of the electric field and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) distributions in the vicinity of dental amalgam exposed to the radiation of mobile phone at the frequencies corresponding to 3G and 4G mobile networks. This is carried out by numerical solving of the electromagnetic propagation equation. The results related to different tissues and organs placed in the vicinity of dental amalgam and exposed to radiation are presented and analysed. In order to obtain the most accurate results, the realistic 3D model of human jaw has been created. A comparative analysis of models with and without dental amalgam has been carried out, with aim to determine the impact of amalgam on biological tissues in its vicinity. According to the obtained results, the maximum values of electric field strength and SAR are higher in the presence of dental amalgam. In both cases, maximum values are out of bounds of safety limits.

The impact of human age on the amount of absorbed energy from mobile phone

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1465-1479
Author(s):  
Dejan B. Jovanovic ◽  
Vladimir Stankovic ◽  
Nenad N. Cvetkovic ◽  
Dejan Krstic ◽  
Dragan Vuckovic
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Field Energy ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Em Field ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of human age on the distribution of electric field and absorbed energy that originates from a mobile phone. Design/methodology/approach This research was performed for frequencies of 900, 1800 and 2100 MHz, which are used in a mobile communication system. To obtain the most accurate results, 3 D realistic model of the child’s head has been created whereby the dimensions of this model correspond to the dimensions of a seven-year-old child. Distribution of the electric field and specific absorption rate (SAR) through the child’s head was obtained by numerical analysis based on the finite integration technique. Findings The results discover that amount of absorbed energy is greater in the surface layers of the child’s head model when the electromagnetic (EM) characteristics of tissues are adjusted for the child. This deviation corresponds to different EM characteristics of biological tissues and organs of an adult person compared to a child. Research limitations/implications The study deals with penetrated electrical field and absorbed EM field energy. There is space for further studies of other EM field effects (e.g. thermal effects). Practical implications The analysis of obtained results leads to idea that mobile phones and devices aimed for children using should be modified to provide SAR values inside prescribed standards. Social implications The obtained results are foundation for future research on influence of EM fields of mobile devices on human health. Originality/value The proposed procedure offers the model for accurate estimation and quality analysis of SAR and EM field distribution inside child head tissue.

scholarly journals 3D modeling of a superconducting dynamo-type flux pump

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asef Ghabeli ◽  
Enric Pardo ◽  
Milan Kapolka
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Precise Measurement ◽  
Electric Field Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Voltage Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Flux Pump

AbstractHigh temperature superconducting (HTS) dynamos are promising devices that can inject large DC currents into the winding of superconducting machines or magnets in a contactless way. Thanks to this, troublesome brushes in HTS machines or bulky currents leads with high thermal losses will be no longer required. The working mechanism of HTS dynamo has been controversial during the recent years and several explanations and models have been proposed to elucidate its performance. In this paper, we present the first three-dimensional (3D) model of an HTS flux pump, which has good agreement with experiments. This model can be beneficial to clarify the mechanism of the dynamo and pinpoint its unnoticed characteristics. Employing this model, we delved into the screening current and electric field distribution across the tape surface in several crucial time steps. This is important, since the overcritical screening current has been shown to be the reason for flux pumping. In addition, we analyzed the impact of both components of electric field and screening current on voltage generation, which was not possible in previous 2D models. We also explored the necessary distance of voltage taps at different airgaps for precise measurement of the voltage across the tape in the dynamo.

scholarly journals Survey on Different Samsung with Nokia Smart Mobile Phones in the Specific Absorption Rate Electrical Field of Head

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadolah Fakhri ◽  
Azim Alinejad ◽  
Hassan Kramatee ◽  
Abotaleb Bay ◽  
Moayed Awazpoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Smart Phones ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Specific Absorption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Smart Mobile

<p>The use of smart phones is increasing in the world. This excessive use, especially in the last two decades, has created too much concern on the effects of emitted electromagnetic fields and specific absorption rate on human health. In this descriptive-analytical study of the electric field resulting from smart phones of Samsung and Nokia by portable measuring device, electromagnetic field, Model HI-3603-VDT/VLF, were measured. Then, head absorption rate was calculated in these two mobiles by ICNIRP equation. Finally, the comparison of specific absorption rate, especially between Samsung and Nokia smart phones, was conducted by T-Test statistics analysis. The mean of electric field for Samsung and Nokia smart mobile phones was obtained 1.8 ±0.19 v/m  and 2.23±0.39 v/m , respectively, while the range of the electric field was obtained as 1.56-2.21 v/m and 1.69-2.89 v/m for them, respectively. The mean of specific absorption rate in Samsung and Nokia was obtained 0.002 ± 0.0005 W/Kg and 0.0041±0.0013 W/Kg at the frequency of 900 MHz and 0.004±0.001 W/Kg and 0.0062±0.0002 W/Kg at the frequency of 1800 MHz respectively. The ratio of mean electronic field to guidance in the Samsung mobile phone at the frequency of 900 MHz and 1800 MHz was 4.36% and 3.34%, while was 5.62% and 4.31% in the Nokia mobile phone, respectively. The ratio of mean head specific absorption rate in smart mobile phones of Samsung and Nokia in the guidance level at the frequency of 900 was 0.15% and 0.25%, respectively, while was 0.23 %and 0.38% at the frequency of 1800 MHz, respectively. The rate of specific absorption of Nokia smart  mobile phones at the frequencies of 900 and 1800 MHz  was significantly higher than Samsung (p value &lt;0.05). Hence, we can say that in a fixed period, health risks of Nokia smart phones is higher than Samsung smart mobile phone.</p>

The Impact of Mobile Phone Technology in Bridging the Gaps in The Health Care Service Delivery in Kenya: A Case of Nairobi County. (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Ndwiga
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
P Value ◽  
Delivery Of Healthcare ◽  
Mobile Phone Technology ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION: The Kenyan constitution seeks to guarantee every citizen the right to quality healthcare services. Quite often this delivery is hampered by geographical location, socio-economic statuses among other factors. The country has a high mobile phone penetration rate. Digitalization of the healthcare sector is a vital aspect that contributes to effective delivery of care services. This study set out to assess the impact of mobile technology in closing the gaps within the health care service delivery. The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of mobile phone technology in bridging the gap in healthcare service delivery in Kenya with a focus on Nairobi, Kibera informal settlements. Hypothesis testing using P-value of 0.05 also showed that use of mobile phone technology positively impacted the delivery of healthcare services. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of mobile phone technology in bridging the gap in healthcare service delivery in Kenya with a focus on Nairobi, Kibera informal settlements. Hypothesis testing using P-value of 0.05 also showed that use of mobile phone technology positively impacted the delivery of healthcare services. METHODS The target population were patients visiting Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) clinic in Kibera informal settlements. A cross-sectional study design was employed. Purposive and simple random sampling method was used to select the study sample of 210 participants and 3 healthcare providers. Data were collected using survey questionnaire that was provider-administered and Data were analyzed using SPSS version. RESULTS The characteristics of the respondents were general (mean age, education level, social economic status) to only patients who visited the clinics for HIV tests and other related services such as going for ARVs. The main findings showed that 66.12% of the respondents (14.29% strongly agreed + 55.24% agreed) that the use of mobile phone technology improved their access to healthcare services. Using chi square, there was a statistical difference due to the positive impact of mobile technology on healthcare delivery (p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study findings showed that 66.12% of the respondents agreed that the use of mobile phone technology and SMS improved their access to healthcare services. The results hypothesis also proved that use of mobile phone technology positively impacts the delivery of healthcare services.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Electric Field on Surface Condensation of Water Vapor: Insight from Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Wang ◽  
Hui Xie ◽  
Zhiming Hu ◽  
Chao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Intermolecular Forces ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Attraction Force ◽  
Condensation Rate ◽  
Shape Transformation ◽  
The Impact

In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to study the coupling effect of electric field strength and surface wettability on the condensation process of water vapor. Our results show that an electric field can rotate water molecules upward and restrict condensation. Formed clusters are stretched to become columns above the threshold strength of the field, causing the condensation rate to drop quickly. The enhancement of surface attraction force boosts the rearrangement of water molecules adjacent to the surface and exaggerates the threshold value for shape transformation. In addition, the contact area between clusters and the surface increases with increasing amounts of surface attraction force, which raises the condensation efficiency. Thus, the condensation rate of water vapor on a surface under an electric field is determined by competition between intermolecular forces from the electric field and the surface.

scholarly journals National movement patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand: the unexplored role of neighbourhood deprivation

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-216108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Campbell ◽  
Lukas Marek ◽  
Jesse Wiki ◽  
Matthew Hobbs ◽  
Clive E Sabel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Neighbourhood Deprivation ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has asked unprecedented questions of governments around the world. Policy responses have disrupted usual patterns of movement in society, locally and globally, with resultant impacts on national economies and human well-being. These interventions have primarily centred on enforcing lockdowns and introducing social distancing recommendations, leading to questions of trust and competency around the role of institutions and the administrative apparatus of state. This study demonstrates the unequal societal impacts in population movement during a national ‘lockdown’.MethodsWe use nationwide mobile phone movement data to quantify the effect of an enforced lockdown on population mobility by neighbourhood deprivation using an ecological study design. We then derive a mobility index using anonymised aggregated population counts for each neighbourhood (2253 Census Statistical Areas; mean population n=2086) of national hourly mobile phone location data (7.45 million records, 1 March 2020–20 July 2020) for New Zealand (NZ).ResultsCurtailing movement has highlighted and exacerbated underlying social and spatial inequalities. Our analysis reveals the unequal movements during ‘lockdown’ by neighbourhood socioeconomic status in NZ.ConclusionIn understanding inequalities in neighbourhood movements, we are contributing critical new evidence to the policy debate about the impact(s) and efficacy of national, regional or local lockdowns which have sparked such controversy.

Nickel oxide nanoparticles induce genotoxicity and cellular alterations in the ground beetle Blaps polycresta (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 074823372110009
Author(s):  
Dalia Abdel Moneim Kheirallah ◽  
Awatef Mohamed Ali ◽  
Salah Eldein Osman ◽  
Amal Mohamed Shouman
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Sublethal Dose ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Nio Nps ◽  
The Impact

Nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs) have advantageous applications in the industry; however, little is known of their adverse effects on biological tissues. In the present study, the ground beetle Blaps polycresta was employed as a sensitive indicator for nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) toxicity. Adult male beetles were injected with six dose levels of NiO-NPs (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, and 0.06 mg/g body weight). Mortality was reported daily over 30 days under laboratory conditions to establish an LD50. Nickel was detected in the testicular tissues of the beetles using X-ray analysis and transmission electronic microscopy. Beetles treated with the sublethal dose of 0.02 mg/g were selected to observe molecular, cellular, and subcellular changes. Gene transcripts of HSP70, HSP90, and MT1 were found to be increased >2.5-, 1.5-, and 2-fold, respectively, in the treated group compared with the controls. Decreased gene expression of AcPC01, AcPC02, and AcPC04 (≤1.5-, ≤2-, and < 2.5-fold, respectively, vs. controls) also were reported in the treated group. Under light microscopy, various structural changes were observed in the testicular tissues of the treated beetles. Ultrastructure observations using scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed severe damage to the subcellular organelles as well as deformities of the heads and flagella of the spermatozoa. Therefore, the present study postulated the impact of NiO-NPs in an ecological model.

scholarly journals Measuring Key Quality Indicators in Cloud Gaming: Framework and Assessment Over Wireless Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1387
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Sebastian Peñaherrera-Pulla ◽  
Carlos Baena ◽  
Sergio Fortes ◽  
Eduardo Baena ◽  
Raquel Barco
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Know How ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Graphics Rendering ◽  
The Impact

Cloud Gaming is a cutting-edge paradigm in the video game provision where the graphics rendering and logic are computed in the cloud. This allows a user’s thin client systems with much more limited capabilities to offer a comparable experience with traditional local and online gaming but using reduced hardware requirements. In contrast, this approach stresses the communication networks between the client and the cloud. In this context, it is necessary to know how to configure the network in order to provide service with the best quality. To that end, the present work defines a novel framework for Cloud Gaming performance evaluation. This system is implemented in a real testbed and evaluates the Cloud Gaming approach for different transport networks (Ethernet, WiFi, and LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and scenarios, automating the acquisition of the gaming metrics. From this, the impact on the overall gaming experience is analyzed identifying the main parameters involved in its performance. Hence, the future lines for Cloud Gaming QoE-based (Quality of Experience) optimization are established, this way being of configuration, a trendy paradigm in the new-generation networks, such as 4G and 5G (Fourth and Fifth Generation of Mobile Networks).

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