scholarly journals BIM Approach for Smart Infrastructure Design and Maintenance Operations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Antonio Biancardo ◽  
Nunzio Viscione ◽  
Cristina Oreto ◽  
Francesca Russo
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Pavement Maintenance ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Building Information

In the age of the Internet-of-Things and Big Data, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is being expanded into sectors for which it was not originally designed, such as the infrastructure sector, and becomes a necessity for the planning and management of smart cities. The digitization of the urban environment, its building and infrastructural heritage and its services is at the center of the concept of smart city, and this appears strongly linked to the use of BIM on an increasingly extended scale as an enabling tool for planning cities that are increasingly intelligent, sustainable, interconnected and above all liveable. In this chapter a creation process for the digitalization of existing roads, as well-known as reverse engineering method, will be shown as follows: a) modeling 3D digital terrain model; b) creating the horizontal alignment, vertical profiles and editing cross-sections; c) modeling the 3D corridor. As a response to long-term development between BIM and road engineering, this chapter will contribute also by offering innovative and practical solutions for integration of road design and pavement analysis, for a better management and optimization of road pavement maintenance.

Application of Bentley Power Rail Track Software in the BIM Railway Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 1091-1094
Author(s):  
Xi Sheng ◽  
Hua Peng Luo ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Rail Track ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Design Software

Belonging to the Bentley Microstation series which work as one of the BIM platforms, the Bentley Power Rail Track shows huge advantages in the railway design for its visibility, high efficiency, advance, reliability and so on. This paper introduces the way to build the digital terrain model, alignments, cross sections, turnouts and to display the three-dimensional model of the railway for the Bentley Power Rail Track 3D railway design software. It provides application preparation for the BIM railway design and achieves the preliminary exploration of BIM applications. Bentley Power Rail Track proves capable of the BIM railway design.

scholarly journals 3D-Modelling of Charlemagne’s Summit Canal (Southern Germany)—Merging Remote Sensing and Geoarchaeological Subsurface Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Schmidt ◽  
Johannes Rabiger-Völlmer ◽  
Lukas Werther ◽  
Ulrike Werban ◽  
Peter Dietrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Danube Catchment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Airborne Lidar Data

The Early Medieval Fossa Carolina is the first hydro-engineering construction that bridges the Central European Watershed. The canal was built in 792/793 AD on order of Charlemagne and should connect the drainage systems of the Rhine-Main catchment and the Danube catchment. In this study, we show for the first time, the integration of Airborne LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and geoarchaeological subsurface datasets with the aim to create a 3D-model of Charlemagne’s summit canal. We used a purged Digital Terrain Model that reflects the pre-modern topography. The geometries of buried canal cross-sections are derived from three archaeological excavations and four high-resolution direct push sensing transects. By means of extensive core data, we interpolate the trench bottom and adjacent edges along the entire canal course. As a result, we are able to create a 3D-model that reflects the maximum construction depth of the Carolingian canal and calculate an excavation volume of approx. 297,000 m3. Additionally, we compute the volume of the present dam remnants by Airborne LiDAR data. Surprisingly, the volume of the dam remnants reveals only 120,000 m3 and is much smaller than the computed Carolingian excavation volume. The difference reflects the erosion and anthropogenic overprint since the 8th century AD.

scholarly journals The validation of hydrodynamic modelling for 2014 flood in Kuala Krai, Kelantan

2018 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Syaza Faiqah Maruti ◽  
Shahabuddin Amerudin ◽  
Wan Hazli Wan Kadir ◽  
Zainab Mohamed Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
Roughness Coefficient ◽  
Hydrodynamic Modelling ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Before And After

Flood catastrophe that struck Kelantan in 2014 has marked as the worst in history. The absence of structural approach such as dam has increased the risks of the flood to this state. In this paper, the simulation of 2014 flood event focuses in Kuala Krai area has been carried out before and after the occurrence of the proposed dams along Galas and Lebir rivers, respectively using hydrodynamic model. The Digital Terrain Model (DTM) from Airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) combining with Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data resources have been used for hydrodynamic modelling. The flow hydrograph and water level are generated as input data for initial and boundary conditions. River cross-sections and Manning’s roughness coefficient values that been estimated based on landcover map obtained in 2010 also used in the model. The model produces the outputs of flood depth and velocity. To validate the simulation results, the flood depths were compared against the flood marks depth from field survey at 16 locations collected by researchers from Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan and Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID). From the validation, it reveals that the average accuracy percentage obtained was about 90% and it can be said that the flood model was acceptable.

scholarly journals The Effect of LiDAR Sampling Density on DTM Accuracy for Areas with Heavy Forest Cover

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Mihnea Cățeanu ◽  
Arcadie Ciubotaru
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Sampling Density ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Point Density ◽  
The Impact

Laser scanning via LiDAR is a powerful technique for collecting data necessary for Digital Terrain Model (DTM) generation, even in densely forested areas. LiDAR observations located at the ground level can be separated from the initial point cloud and used as input for the generation of a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) via interpolation. This paper proposes a quantitative analysis of the accuracy of DTMs (and derived slope maps) obtained from LiDAR data and is focused on conditions common to most forestry activities (rough, steep terrain with forest cover). Three interpolation algorithms were tested: Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Natural Neighbour (NN) and Thin-Plate Spline (TPS). Research was mainly focused on the issue of point data density. To analyze its impact on the quality of ground surface modelling, the density of the filtered data set was artificially lowered (from 0.89 to 0.09 points/m2) by randomly removing point observations in 10% increments. This provides a comprehensive method of evaluating the impact of LiDAR ground point density on DTM accuracy. While the reduction of point density leads to a less accurate DTM in all cases (as expected), the exact pattern varies by algorithm. The accuracy of the LiDAR-derived DTMs is relatively good even when LiDAR sampling density is reduced to 0.40–0.50 points/m2 (50–60 % of the initial point density), as long as a suitable interpolation algorithm is used (as IDW proved to be less resilient to density reductions below approximately 0.60 points/m2). In the case of slope estimation, the pattern is relatively similar, except the difference in accuracy between IDW and the other two algorithms is even more pronounced than in the case of DTM accuracy. Based on this research, we conclude that LiDAR is an adequate method for collecting morphological data necessary for modelling the ground surface, even when the sampling density is significantly reduced.

scholarly journals DTM-based analysis of the spatial distribution of topolineaments

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1185-1199
Author(s):  
Mirosław Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Empirical Bayesian ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Empirical Bayesian Kriging ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Airborne Laser

AbstractThe research area is located on the boundary between two Paleozoic structural units: the Radom–Kraśnik Block and the Mazovian–Lublin Basin in the southeastern Poland. The tectonic structures are separated by the Ursynów–Kazimierz Dolny fault zone. The digital terrain model obtained by the ALS (Airborne Laser Scanning) method was used. Classification and filtration of an elevation point cloud were performed. Then, from the elevation points representing only surfaces, a digital terrain model was generated. The model was used to visually interpret the course of topolineaments and their automatic extraction from DTM. Two topolineament systems, trending NE–SW and NW–SE, were interpreted. Using the kernel density algorithm, topolineament density models were generated. Using the Empirical Bayesian Kriging, a thickness model of quaternary deposits was generated. A relationship was observed between the course of topolineaments and the distribution and thickness of Quaternary formations. The topolineaments were compared with fault directions marked on tectonic maps of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic. Data validation showed consistency between topolineaments and tectonic faults. The obtained results are encouraging for further research.

scholarly journals Production, Validation and Morphometric Analysis of a Digital Terrain Model for Lake Trichonis Using Geospatial Technologies and Hydroacoustics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Triantafyllia-Maria Perivolioti ◽  
Antonios Mouratidis ◽  
Dimitrios Terzopoulos ◽  
Panagiotis Kalaitzis ◽  
Dimitrios Ampatzidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain

Covering an area of approximately 97 km2 and with a maximum depth of 58 m, Lake Trichonis is the largest and one of the deepest natural lakes in Greece. As such, it constitutes an important ecosystem and freshwater reserve at the regional scale, whose qualitative and quantitative properties ought to be monitored. Depth is a crucial parameter, as it is involved in both qualitative and quantitative monitoring aspects. Thus, the availability of a bathymetric model and a reliable DTM (Digital Terrain Model) of such an inland water body is imperative for almost any systematic observation scenario or ad hoc measurement endeavor. In this context, the purpose of this study is to produce a DTM from the only official cartographic source of relevant information available (dating back approximately 70 years) and evaluate its performance against new, independent, high-accuracy hydroacoustic recordings. The validation procedure involves the use of echosoundings coupled with GPS, and is followed by the production of a bathymetric model for the assessment of the discrepancies between the DTM and the measurements, along with the relevant morphometric analysis. Both the production and validation of the DTM are conducted in a GIS environment. The results indicate substantial discrepancies between the old DTM and contemporary acoustic data. A significant overall deviation of 3.39 ± 5.26 m in absolute bottom elevation differences and 0.00 ± 7.26 m in relative difference residuals (0.00 ± 2.11 m after 2nd polynomial model corrector surface fit) of the 2019 bathymetric dataset with respect to the ~1950 lake DTM and overall morphometry appear to be associated with a combination of tectonics, subsidence and karstic phenomena in the area. These observations could prove useful for the tectonics, geodynamics and seismicity with respect to the broader Corinth Rift region, as well as for environmental management and technical interventions in and around the lake. This dictates the necessity for new, extensive bathymetric measurements in order to produce an updated DTM of Lake Trichonis, reflecting current conditions and tailored to contemporary accuracy standards and state-of-the-art research in various disciplines in and around the lake.

scholarly journals Development of Driving Simulation Scenarios Based on Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Road Safety Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2039
Author(s):  
Juan F. Dols ◽  
Jaime Molina ◽  
F. Javier Camacho-Torregrosa ◽  
David Llopis-Castelló ◽  
Alfredo García
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Safety Analysis ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Building Information

The analysis of road safety is critical in road design. Complying to guidelines is not enough to ensure the highest safety levels, so many of them encourage designers to virtually recreate and test their roads, benefitting from the evolution of driving simulators in recent years. However, an accurate recreation of the road and its environment represents a real bottleneck in the process. A very important limitation lies in the diversity of input data, from different sources and requiring specific adaptations for every single simulator. This paper aims at showing a framework for recreating faster virtual scenarios by using an Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)-based file. This methodology was compared to two other conventional methods for developing driving scenarios. The main outcome of this study has demonstrated that with a data exchange file in IFC format, virtual scenarios can be faster designed to carry out safety audits with driving simulators. As a result, the editing, programming, and processing times were substantially reduced using the proposed IFC exchange file format through a BIM (Building Information Modeling) model. This methodology facilitates cost-savings, execution, and optimization resources in road safety analysis.

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