scholarly journals Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanxia Fei ◽  
Yanhua Peng ◽  
Huiping Sun ◽  
Shuangfa Zou ◽  
Jinfeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Pyrrolidine Alkaloids ◽  
Hepatic Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell

Sinusoidal obstructive syndrome (SOS) is a fibrous occlusive disease of hepatic sinusoids or hepatic venules. Small hepatic blood vessel damage, especially hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell damage, is its main feature. Based on etiology, SOS is mainly classified into pyrrolidine alkaloids-related SOS, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-related SOS, and SOS of unknown etiology. In recent years, the incidence of SOS has been increasing. However, due to the complexity of the etiology, the lack of specificity in clinical manifestations, the difficulty of early diagnosis, and the limited treatment options, it often leads to poor treatment effects and even death. This chapter aims to analyze and organize the pathogenesis, pathological characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of different types of SOS, to provide certain references for the prevention and treatment of the disease.

scholarly journals Keratosis Lichenoides Chronica – a Case Report and Literature Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-137
Author(s):  
Mirjana Paravina ◽  
Predrag Cvetanović ◽  
Miloš Kostov ◽  
Slađana Živković ◽  
Ivana Dimovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Distinct Entity

Abstract Keratosis lichenoides chronica represents a distinct entity, a rare disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, with clinical manifestations which, although typical, require extensive differential diagnosis. The course of the disease is chronic, progressive, and it is resistant to various treatment options, so despite variations in the clinical picture it is really easier to diagnose than to treat. This is a case report of a male patient in whom the diagnosis of keratosis lichenoides chronica was based on typical clinical picture, repeated biopsies and histopathological findings, course of the disease and poor response to any therapy.

scholarly journals Multicentric Castleman's Disease in a 21 Years Old Female : A Rare But Important Condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-59
Author(s):  
Shahed Ahmad Chowdhury ◽  
Samira Taufiq Reshma ◽  
Shanjana Islam
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Castleman’S Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Castleman's Disease ◽  
Multicentric Castleman’S Disease ◽  
Angiofollicular Lymph Node Hyperplasia ◽  
Multicentric Castleman's Disease

Castleman’s disease, also known as angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, is a rare disease with two known expansion types, unicentric and multicentric, which plays a major role in determining therapy. The rare multicentric type is a lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology and is characterized by various clinical manifestations and multiple organ involvement. This disease runs a more aggressive course and a poor prognosis. Optimal therapies have not been well established till now. We here report a case of rare Multicentric Castleman's Disease (MCD) in a 21yrs old female. She presented with slowly enlarging lymph nodes in cervical and inguinal regions which lead to a histological diagnosis of this rare condition. Its clinical features, types, relevant investigations and current treatment modalities are discussed. Though rare, early suspicion of this condition may relieve the suffering, avoid unnecessary investigations, give opportunity to choose treatment options and can save lives.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (1); Jan 2017; Page 57-59

scholarly journals The Fifth Region of Epidermal Growth Factor like-Domain of Thrombomodulin Is Essential to Produce Cytoprotection

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 4178-4178
Author(s):  
Takayuki Ikezoe ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Chie Nishioka ◽  
Keigo Nakamura ◽  
Hiroya Yurimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitor ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Abstract We previously found that the fourth and fifth regions of epidermal growth factor-like domain of thrombomodulin (TME45) protects vascular endothelial cells from calcineurin inhibitor-induced cell damage in association with activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) signal pathways via activated protein C (APC) independent manner (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2012;32:2259-70). The present study attempted to identify the minimum region of TME45 that is essential to mediate the cytoprotective function of thrombomodulin. The blocking antibody for TME5 but not for TME4 hampered the ability of TME45 to increase levels of Mcl-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), indicating the important roles of TME5 in cytoprotection. We next divided TME5 into three parts and synthesized oligonucleotides for each region. None of the fragment was as potent as TME5 to induce Mcl-1 in HUVECs, suggesting that TME5 was essential for induction of Mcl-1. Importantly, TME5 was not able to produce APC. Furthermore, TME5 counteracted calcineurin inhibitor-induced vascular permeability and stimulated angiogenesis in vitro as well as in vivo. Taken together, TME5 may be useful to prevent or treat endothelial cell damage associated lethal complications developing after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation such as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and thrombotic microangiopathy. Disclosures Honda: Asahi Kasei Pharma: Employment.

COVID 19: REALS AND CHALLENGES AGAINST DOCTORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-87
Author(s):  
Zen Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Pneumonia Case ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
Health Organization

Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) is a contagious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which was discovered in December 2019 in China. This disease can cause clinical manifestations in the airway, lung and systemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) representative of China reported a pneumonia case with unknown etiology in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China on December 31, 2019. The cause was identified as a new type of coronavirus on January 7, 2020 with an estimated source of the virus from traditional markets (seafood market). ) Wuhan city

Using Naïve Bayes Algorithm to Estimate the Response to Drug in Lung Cancer Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 734-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoling Guo ◽  
Qiuxiang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cancer Resistance ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Bayes Algorithm

Aim and Objective: Lung cancer is a highly heterogeneous cancer, due to the significant differences in molecular levels, resulting in different clinical manifestations of lung cancer patients there is a big difference. Including disease characterization, drug response, the risk of recurrence, survival, etc. Method: Clinical patients with lung cancer do not have yet particularly effective treatment options, while patients with lung cancer resistance not only delayed the treatment cycle but also caused strong side effects. Therefore, if we can sum up the abnormalities of functional level from the molecular level, we can scientifically and effectively evaluate the patients' sensitivity to treatment and make the personalized treatment strategies to avoid the side effects caused by over-treatment and improve the prognosis. Result & Conclusion: According to the different sensitivities of lung cancer patients to drug response, this study screened out genes that were significantly associated with drug resistance. The bayes model was used to assess patient resistance.

scholarly journals Flavonoids: Potential Candidates for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Shweta Devi ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Singh ◽  
Ashish Kant Dubey ◽  
Jong-Joo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Cellular Stress ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cellular Stress Response ◽  
Dramatic Rise ◽  
Cellular Stress Responses

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington’s disease (HD), are the most concerning disorders due to the lack of effective therapy and dramatic rise in affected cases. Although these disorders have diverse clinical manifestations, they all share a common cellular stress response. These cellular stress responses including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, proteotoxicity, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress, which combats with stress conditions. Environmental stress/toxicity weakened the cellular stress response which results in cell damage. Small molecules, such as flavonoids, could reduce cellular stress and have gained much attention in recent years. Evidence has shown the potential use of flavonoids in several ways, such as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic, yet their mechanism is still elusive. This review provides an insight into the potential role of flavonoids against cellular stress response that prevent the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders.

scholarly journals Long-Term Hematopoietic Stem Cell Damage in a Murine Model of the Hematopoietic Syndrome of the Acute Radiation Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Lin Chua ◽  
P. Artur Plett ◽  
Carol H. Sampson ◽  
Mandar Joshi ◽  
Rebeka Tabbey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Acute Radiation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Acute Radiation Syndrome

scholarly journals Endothelial cell dysfunction: a key determinant for the outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Luft ◽  
Peter Dreger ◽  
Aleksandar Radujkovic
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Management Of Complications ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) carries the promise of cure for many malignant and non-malignant diseases of the lympho-hematopoietic system. Although outcome has improved considerably since the pioneering Seattle achievements more than 5 decades ago, non-relapse mortality (NRM) remains a major burden of alloSCT. There is increasing evidence that endothelial dysfunction is involved in many of the life-threatening complications of alloSCT, such as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/venoocclusive disease, transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy, and refractory acute graft-versus host disease. This review delineates the role of the endothelium in severe complications after alloSCT and describes the current status of search for biomarkers predicting endothelial complications, including markers of endothelial vulnerability and markers of endothelial injury. Finally, implications of our current understanding of transplant-associated endothelial pathology for prevention and management of complications after alloSCT are discussed.

scholarly journals Animal Models of Autosomal Recessive Parkinsonism

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 812
Author(s):  
Guendalina Bastioli ◽  
Maria Regoni ◽  
Federico Cazzaniga ◽  
Chiara Maria Giulia De Luca ◽  
Edoardo Bistaffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Dopamine Neurons ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Neuron Death

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. The neuropathological hallmark of the disease is the loss of dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta. The clinical manifestations of PD are bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremors and postural instability. PD patients often display non-motor symptoms such as depression, anxiety, weakness, sleep disturbances and cognitive disorders. Although, in 90% of cases, PD has a sporadic onset of unknown etiology, highly penetrant rare genetic mutations in many genes have been linked with typical familial PD. Understanding the mechanisms behind the DA neuron death in these Mendelian forms may help to illuminate the pathogenesis of DA neuron degeneration in the more common forms of PD. A key step in the identification of the molecular pathways underlying DA neuron death, and in the development of therapeutic strategies, is the creation and characterization of animal models that faithfully recapitulate the human disease. In this review, we outline the current status of PD modeling using mouse, rat and non-mammalian models, focusing on animal models for autosomal recessive PD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document