scholarly journals Implications of Ethnoecological and Phytoecological Studies for the Sustainable Management of the Mozogo-Gokoro National Park (Cameroon)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigue Constant Sandjong Sani ◽  
Mama Ntoupka ◽  
Toua Vroumsia ◽  
Adamou Ibrahima
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
National Park ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Far North ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Reference Ecosystem

Sustainable management planning of protected areas depends on data from their biophysical and human environment. Based on such a premise, and using established international and national standards, this chapter proposes to outline a range of measures that can be considered in this process, drawing on the results of ecological studies carried out in the Mozogo-Gokoro National Park, located in the Sudano-Sahelian dry zone in the Far North of Cameroon. Initially, determining attributes for conservation were identified, notably those relating to the richness of the flora and the structure of the vegetation, which are close to a reference ecosystem. Subsequently, recommendations for sustainable management were formulated and analyzed in turn, taking into account especially the destructive anthropization identified as a major threat to the stability of the park. These management orientations could also be applied to safeguard other ecosystems in the Sudano-Sahelian zone.

Manufacture of Non-Toxic Lava from Recovery of the Incineration Ash by Plasma Fusing Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 2365-2375
Author(s):  
Jai Houng Leu ◽  
Li Fong Wu ◽  
Ay Su
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Reduction Ratio ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
The Stability

This research investigated and explored the overall technical and legal suggestions on mixed ash (bottom ash + fly ash) from the first BOT(built-operation then transfer) incineration plant in south Taoyuan of Taiwan, with the hope of serving as the reference for treating ash from urban refuse incinerator and making sustainable operation management policies in Taiwan. Both bottom ash and fly ash contain high-content harmful metals like lead, chrome, and cadmium, with the lead content exceeding standard value. Plasma fusing technology may effectively settle toxic heavy metals and reduce their dissolution rate. The results show that the increase in percentage of bottom ash could maintain post-fusing strength and produce solidification effect, but this reduced the stability of toxic heavy metals and raised their dissolution rate. Suitable mixture ratio of bottom ash and fly ash was 2:1, volume reduction ratio 0.349, and weight reduction ratio 0.4936. The mixture was fulvous and dense with gloss and adequate strength. The dissolution test of lava products complied with national standards, and they might be used for recycling aggregates and solidifying cement.

scholarly journals Towards Stimulating Tools for Advancement of Environmental Conservation through Promoting of Psychological Instruments

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Md. Rahimullah Miah ◽  
Mohamed Sharif Mustaffa ◽  
Samsiah Jayos ◽  
Nor Hasniah Ibrahim ◽  
Sopian Bujang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Conservation Psychology ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Psychological Instruments

The explorative field observation on Environmental Conservation Psychology (ECP) is multi-diversified with collective and conjectural outlook. ECP provides a better understanding of the way in which conservation awareness, attitude, ethics, culture and well-being are affected by physical environments, social settings and built-in environment. The goal is to stimulate more attention be paid to ensure the effectiveness of environmental conservation and highlight psychological instruments required to develop new interdisciplinary approaches with innovative ways in prevailing challenges for the present and upcoming generations. Primary data were collected from a sample of respondents at the Lawachara National Park (LNP) in Moulvibazar district of Bangladesh and secondary data were obtained from diverse sources. The research denoted and investigated by various disciplines and fields including environmental behaviors studies, positive psychology, person-environment studies, human-nature science and ecological psychology. The study showed about 70% of indigenous respondents opined on positive attitudes for environmental conservation to compare with 55% in others. The study identified approximately 65% of respondents stated for development of environmental education among local communities for promoting positive psychology surrounding the national park. This study focuses the importance of understanding this multidimensional psychological research as it is to inform about the environmental conservation perspectives that have contributed to and shaped the learning with high internal conservation stability, dependability, uniformity, and attractiveness with social bonding at LNP. This study represents the environmental design, manage, protect and restore conserving of biodiversity towards national parks that influence human behavior, predict and the likely outcomes when these conditions are not met and diagnose problem situations. This study links at solving complex environmental conservation problems in the pursuit of individual well-being within a longer community through human-environment conservation interactions.

scholarly journals Estimation of production consistency of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis components of the DTP vaccine using Shewhart charts

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-265
Author(s):  
I. A. Alekseeva ◽  
O. V. Perelygina ◽  
E. D. Kolyshkina
Keyword(s):  
Control Charts ◽  
Large Population ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Shewhart Control ◽  
Dtp Vaccine ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Control ◽  
Shewhart Charts

The Russian Federation puts special emphasis on vaccination-related issues, in accordance with the WHO recommendations. The fact that vaccination, in particular with the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine (DTP vaccine), covers large population groups, accounts for the relevance of research aimed at improving the quality of vaccines. One of the ways to produce vaccines of assured quality is to maintain consistent manufacturing processes that ensure consistency of product characteristics. The stability of the technological processes may be assessed using Shewhart charts. The aim of the study was to assess the production consistency of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis components of DTP vaccine using Shewhart control charts. Materials and methods: the study used data from 60 batch summary protocols of a Russian-produced DTP vaccine that were submitted to the Testing Centre of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products from September 2017 until April 2020. The study assessed one of the main vaccine quality characteristics—specific (protective) activity of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis components. Shewhart charts for the diphtheria and tetanus components were constructed based on the manufacturer’s summary protocols, while Shewhart charts for the pertussis component were constructed based on both summary protocols and the results obtained by the Testing Centre during certification of the product batches. The Shewhart charts were used in accordance with the national standards GOST R 50779.42-99 and GOST R ISO 7870-2-2015. Results: a retrospective analysis of R- and X-charts covering a 2.5-year period revealed some characteristic trends in special-cause criteria. The most alarming situation was observed for the production of the diphtheria component. The technological processes were somewhat safer in the case of the tetanus and pertussis components. The production process lacked due statistical control, which is confirmed by the lack of correlation between the results of the pertussis component activity assessment obtained by the manufacturer and the Testing Centre. Conclusions: during the analysed period, the production of the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis components of the DTP vaccine was not always consistent. This highlights the need to conduct research aimed at standardisation of both production processes and control test conditions.

scholarly journals Assessment of vehicle brake control functional stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Volkov ◽  
◽  
Igor Gritsuk ◽  
Tetiana Volkova ◽  
Volodymyr Kuzhel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Braking Control ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Friction Surfaces

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of the brake control elements of passenger vehicles on the stability of their braking properties. The analysis of the influence of uneven braking forces on the wheels of one axle of vehicles on the deviation of the distribution of braking forces between the axles from its calculated value is carried out. When assessing the error in regulating the distribution of braking forces between the axles of vehicles, three components were taken into account: the theoretical error due to the imperfection of the selected control method (the difference between the actual calculated control characteristic from the ideal), the error created due to the instability of the ratio of the braking forces on the front and rear wheels, an additional error caused by the unevenness of the braking forces on the wheels of individual axles, since the fulfillment of the most stringent requirements of international and national standards for the efficiency of braking of vehicles and is inextricably linked with the need to increase the energy consumption of brake mechanisms. The energy consumption of braking mechanisms is understood as the ability of the latter to dissipate the greatest amount of energy of the braking machine without reducing the braking efficiency indicators to the minimum permissible level. Excessive heating of the braking mechanisms leads to a decrease in the friction coefficient μ of the friction surfaces and increased wear of the friction linings, and the brakes are the most unstable element of the braking control, which ensures the absorption and dissipation of the vehicle's energy during braking. The instability of the braking torques on the front and rear wheels, caused by a change in the coefficients of friction of friction pairs, leads not only to a change in the distribution of braking forces between the axles and individual wheels, but also to a decrease in the braking efficiency of vehicles under operating conditions. A method is proposed that makes it possible to assess the quality of regulation of the distribution of braking forces between the axles of a car, taking into account the instability of the braking forces on the wheels.

scholarly journals Analysis and Calculation of Stability Coefficients of Cross-Laminated Timber Axial Compression Member

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4267
Author(s):  
Qi Ye ◽  
Yingchun Gong ◽  
Haiqing Ren ◽  
Cheng Guan ◽  
Guofang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Axial Compression ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Stability Coefficient ◽  
Cross Laminated Timber ◽  
Stability Bearing Capacity ◽  
The Stability

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) elements are becoming increasingly popular in multi-storey timber-based structures, which have long been built in many different countries. Various challenges are connected with constructions of this type. One such challenge is that of stabilizing the structure against vertical loads. However, the calculations of the stability bearing capacity of the CLT members in axial compression in the structural design remains unsolved in China. This study aims to determine the stability bearing capacity of the CLT members in axial compression and to propose the calculation method of the stability coefficient. First, the stability coefficient calculation theories in different national standards were analyzed, and then the stability bearing capacity of CLT elements with four slenderness ratios was investigated. Finally, based on the stability coefficient calculation formulae in the GB 50005-2017 standard and the regression method, the calculation method of the stability coefficient for CLT elements was proposed, and the values of the material parameters were determined. The result shows that the average deviation between fitting curve and calculated results of European and American standard is 5.43% and 3.73%, respectively, and the average deviation between the fitting curve and the actual test results was 8.15%. The stability coefficients calculation formulae could be used to predict the stability coefficients of CLT specimens with different slenderness ratios well.

Climate Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mason
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
The World ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Main Attraction

Climate change poses a major threat to almost all forms of human activity on earth, including tourism. As Holden (2016: 227) argues: Of all the challenges facing tourism’s relationship with nature, it is not an exaggeration to state that climate change represents the greatest. Holden gives as his rationale for this statement that it is the stability and predictability of climate that is vital for the environments and ecosystems that are required for the continuation of current types of tourism, whether these are the traditional form of mass tourism, in terms of ‘sun, sea and sand’ holidays, or a niche activity which involves visiting a tropical rain forest with rare flora and fauna as the main attraction. Climate change also presents opportunities for tourism. If areas currently experiencing cool winters and mild summers get warmer, then new types of tourism may be possible including beach-based holidays where at present these are of little importance. Climate change is likely to lead to modifications in the weather at different times of the year so ‘seasonality’ which is currently a very important dimension to many forms of tourism will be affected, probably to the extent that seasons when there is high tourism activity will get longer in some parts of the world. Although tourism is likely to be significantly affected by climate change, it has also contributed to climate change through for example the burning of fossil fuels in transport for tourism as well through the use of power in hotel accommodation.

Sustainable Management of Bannerghatta National Park, India, with the Insights in Land Cover Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Ramachandra ◽  
Bharath Setturu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth

The ecosystem of health and natural resource management is influenced by the social, political, economic system and institutional framework in a region. Rapid economic growth in Bangalore and its environs in recent decades has resulted in environmental changes in Bannerghatta National Park (BNP) and its buffer (of 5 km). Land use land cover (LULC) change analysis with a modelling technique such as cellular automata (CA)-Markov was used for quantitatively exploring forest cover transitions. The analysis of LULC dynamics has revealed loss of vegetation cover from 85.78 per cent to 66.37 per cent (1973–2015) and severe environmental stress. The region has lost moist deciduous cover, from 26.1 per cent to 13.8 per cent, and witnessed an increase in horticulture, from 8.5 per cent to 11 per cent (1973–2015). The visualization of likely land use in 2027 indicates the loss of forest cover from 41.38 per cent to 35.59 per cent with an increase in urban area from 4.49 per cent to 9.62 per cent (with new residential and commercial layouts in the buffer zone of BNP in violation of the eco-sensitive zone norms as per Section 5(1) of Environment Protection Act 1986). The study provides insights for developing an appropriate planning framework towards conservation and the sustainable management of ecologically sensitive national parks.

Trends in the population of the Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat Lasiorhinus krefftii in Epping Forest National Park, Central Queensland

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug G. Crossman ◽  
Christopher N. Johnsow ◽  
Alan B. Horsup
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Absolute Size ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Prolonged Drought ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All

The Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat Lasiorhinus krefftii now survives only in Epping Forest National Park, central Queensland. The species was formerly more widespread in the Epping Forest region than at present. Its decline appears to have occurred in three distinct episodes of contraction, two of which were associated with prolonged drought. Indirect monitoring of abundance suggests that the population was stable from 1974 to 1981, when cattle were excluded from the Park, but has increased since 1983. A trapping programme between 1985 and 1989 suggests that the absolute size of the population may be about 70. The population contains approximately equal numbers of males and females; almost all females breed; and a large and apparently increasing proportion of the population consists of young animals. Further increases in density and range within Epping Forest National Park appear possible. Removal of some animals for translocation should be attempted when it is clear that such removals will not jeopardize the stability and vigour of the Epping Forest population.

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties of tropical forest top soil in relation to depth in western Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
B. Gautam ◽  
M. K. Chettri
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Top Soil

Information on soil properties with regards to forest soil-depth are important for sustainable management of forest. The present study investigated the physicochemical properties of the top soil (0−30cm depth) in the three forests, viz. i) the Terai Shorea Forest (Bardia National Park), ii) the Evergreen Riverine Forest (Bardia National Park) and iii) the Puraina CF (Kailali district) of western Nepal. In the tropical forests of western Nepal, the soil texture is, moreover, loamy sand to sand. The soil bulk density ranged from 1.33−1.63 gm cm-3, and slightly increased with the increase in the soil-depth. The soil pH value ranged from 5.77−7.36. The soil organic carbon, total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), and available potassium (K) were found to be in the ranges of 0.54−1.64%, 0.04−0.14%, 4.84−31.72 kg ha-1, and 204.35−557.44 kg ha-1, respectively, and all these values decreased with the increase in the soil-depth in both the forests of the protected area; however, this decreasing trend of the soil nutrients with the increase in the soil-depth was not observed in the Puraina CF as the values of the soil nutrients were lower within 0−10cm in the CF. The soil nutrients with all the depths were found to be the highest in the Terai Shorea Forest. The lower values of the soil nutrients in the Puraina CF were the result of resource extraction.  

Ecosystem services–A tool for sustainable management of human–environment systems. Case study Finnish Forest Lapland

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petteri Vihervaara ◽  
Timo Kumpula ◽  
Ari Tanskanen ◽  
Benjamin Burkhard
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Human Environment
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